Effects of Acute Sacral Neuromodulation at Different Frequencies on Bladder Overactivity in Pigs.

Purpose: We investigated the effects of different stimulation frequencies on the inhibition of bladder overactivity by sacral neuromodulation (SNM) in pigs.

Methods: Implant-driven stimulators were used to stimulate the S3 spinal nerve in 13 pigs. Cystometry was performed by infusing normal saline (NS) or acetic acid (AA).

Improvement in detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia by bladder-wall injection of replication-defective herpes simplex virus vector-mediated gene delivery of kynurenine aminotransferase II in spinal cord injury rats.

Study Design: An experimental study.

Objectives: To investigate the effect of replication-defective herpes simplex virus (HSV) vectors encoding the kynurenine aminotransferase II (HSVrd-KATII) gene on detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia (DSD) in spinal cord injury (SCI) rats.

Setting: Beijing, China.

Involvement of opioid receptors in inhibition of bladder overactivity induced by sacral neuromodulation in pigs: A possible action mechanism.

Aims: To determine the role of opioid receptors in the inhibition of bladder overactivity by sacral neuromodulation (SNM) in pigs, and explore the possible mechanism of SNM.

Methods: Both implant-driven stimulators of the S3 spinal nerve were implanted in seven pigs. Naloxone and tramadol were administered.

Typical Value Ranges and Typical Signal Patterns in the Initial Cough in Patients With Neurogenic Bladder: Quality Control in Urodynamic Studies.

Purpose: The goal of this study was to establish typical value ranges (TVRs) and to analyze typical signal patterns (TSPs) of the initial cough (cough before bladder filling) for quality control in urodynamic studies.

Methods: A total of 539 urodynamic traces from patients with neurogenic bladder obtained over the course of a year were retrospectively reviewed. The TVRs for cough amplitude in measurements of the intravesical pressure (P), abdominal pressure (P), and detrusor pressure (P) during the initial cough were established.

Tibial nerve stimulation to inhibit the micturition reflex by an implantable wireless driver microstimulator in cats.

Background: Traditional tibial nerve stimulation (TNS) has been used to treat overactive bladder syndrome (OAB), but there are some shortcomings. Thus, a novel alternative is needed for the treatment of OAB. The study investigated the effects of a new type of tibial nerve microstimulator on the micturition reflex in cats.

Effect of urethral wall injection of replication-defective herpes simplex virus-mediated gene transfer of kynurenine aminotransferase on urethral pressure in spinal cord-injured rats.

Aims: We determined whether or not replication-defective herpes simplex virus vector-mediated kynurenine aminotransferase II (HSVrd-KAT II) suppressed the tonic activity of the urethral sphincter in spinal cord-injured (SCI) rats.

Methods: Thirty-six adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were used to produce a spinal cord injury model. One week after spinalization, HSVrd-KAT II was injected into the urethral wall of rats and another two groups of SCI rats were treated with saline and HSVrd as controls.

Effects of folic acid supplementation during different pregnancy periods and relationship with the other primary prevention measures to neural tube defects.

Objective: To find out the prevention effects of folic acid supplements during different pregnancy periods on neural tube defects (NTDs) and the relationship of folic acid supplements with the other NTDs' primary preventive measures.

Methods: A 1:1 case-control study was conducted. Four hundred and fifty-nine women who delivered or gestate infants/fetuses with NTDs in the last two years were randomly selected as cases and were matched with women who delivered babies without obvious birth defects as controls.

Intravesical injection of botulinum toxin A for treatment of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome: 10 years of experience at a single center in China.

Introduction And Hypothesis: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the intravesical injection of Chinese botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) in patients with interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS).

Methods: Between January 2003 and June 2013, 124 women with IC/BPS were studied. Of these 124 patients, 66 were treated with BTX-A and 58 underwent bladder hydrodistention plus sodium hyaluronate (Cystistat) instillation.

The relief effect of botulinum toxin-A for spastic iliopsoas of cerebral palsy on children.

Objective: This work intended to observe the effect of injecting botolinum toxin type A (BTX-A) for relieving spastic iliopsoas of cerebral palsy on children, and to investigate the improvement of this method for the motor function in these children.

Patients And Methods: From July 2006 to August 2012, 37 children with spastic iliopsoas cerebral palsy were received rehabilitation therapy. The age ranged from 3 to 15 years.

Soft tissue image reconstruction using cone-beam computed tomography combined with laser scanning: a novel method to evaluate the masticatory mucosa.

Objective: To construct a 3-D model of the masticatory mucosa to measure the thickness of the facial/lingual gingiva and palatal mucosa.

Study Design: Maxillofacial regions of 8 volunteers were scanned using cone-beam computed tomography to generate 3-D maxillary and mandibular models. Digital models were obtained by laser scanning of the impressions.

Effect of remote ischemic preconditioning in the elderly patients with coronary artery disease with diabetes mellitus undergoing elective drug-eluting stent implantation.

There is conflicting evidence regarding the effectiveness of remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) in patients undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Therefore, we prospectively enrolled elderly patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) with diabetes mellitus (DM) undergoing elective drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation. They were randomized to receive RIPC within 2 hours before PCI (n = 102) or not (controls, n = 98).

Botulinum toxin-A with and without rehabilitation for the treatment of spastic cerebral palsy.

Objective: To determine the efficacy of botulinum toxin-A (BTX-A) nerve block, with and without rehabilitation, in the treatment of spastic cerebral palsy.

Methods: Patients (aged 1-23 years) with spastic cerebral palsy underwent nerve block with BTX-A, followed by ≥ 2 h/day rehabilitation (experimental group) or <2 h/day rehabilitation (control group). Muscle tension and motor function were evaluated pre-block using the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) and gross motor function measure (GMFM), respectively.

Infecting mice with recombinant Ad5-BPI₂₃-Fcγ1 virus protects against systemic Escherichia coli challenge.

Infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) are increasingly common and can result in significant mortality rates due to the development of sepsis. To examine the potential usage of a recombinant Ad5-BPI(23)-Fcγ1 virus as a biological treatment against systemic infection by GNB, a construct containing the human bactericidal/permeability increasing protein (BPI) gene, encoding the functional N terminus (amino acid residues 1-199) of human BPI, and the Fcγ1 gene, encoding the Fc segment of human immunoglobulin G1, was inserted into an adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) chromosome to produce a recombinant Ad5-BPI(23)-Fcγ1 virus. Human A549 cells in culture and BALB/c mice were infected with the recombinant Ad5-BPI(23)-Fcγ1 virus and BPI(23)-Fcγ1 expression was confirmed by Western blot analysis and ELISA.

Prevalences of and risk factors for biliary stones and gallbladder polyps in a large Chinese population.

Objectives: This study aimed to identify the prevalences of and risk factors associated with the development of gallbladder stones and polyps in a large Chinese population.

Methods: Prevalences of and risk factors for biliary stones and gallbladder polyps were retrospectively investigated among subjects who underwent a general check-up at the Health Screening Centres of Peking Union Medical College Hospital and Beijing Charity Hospital between January 2007 and June 2010.

Results: A total of 60,064 people were enrolled in the study.

The epidemiological survey of acute traumatic spinal cord injury (ATSCI) of 2002 in Beijing municipality.

Study Design: Epidemiological survey.

Objectives: To study the incidence and epidemiology of acute traumatic spinal cord injury (ATSCI) of 2002 in Beijing municipality.

Setting: Beijing.

A comparative review of life satisfaction, quality of life and mood between Chinese and British people with tetraplegia.

Study Design: Cross-sectional; questionnaire.

Objective: To compare the differences in life satisfaction, quality, value and meaning of life, and mood between Chinese and British people with tetraplegia after the completion of rehabilitation. This study was undertaken at the China Rehabilitation Research Centre, Beijing, China and the National Spinal Injuries Centre, Stoke Mandeville Hospital, United Kingdom.

The determination of vasoactive substances during autonomic dysreflexia.

Urinary bladder percussion induced autonomic dysreflexia (AD) was observed in spinal cord injured patients with a complete neurological lesion, the upper level being above T5. To document the pathology and study the etiology of autonomic dysreflexia to further investigate its mechanism, this paper presents some clinical data on the determination of vasoactive substances such as norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (E), renin (R), angiotensin II (AII) and atrial natriuretic polypeptide (ANP) before and during bladder percussion in 30 patients with a thoracolumbar or cervical spine and spinal cord injury. It is demonstrated that tapping the urinary bladder of such patients can cause AD.

Mutagenesis of bovine basic fibroblast growth factor through hybrid clonemid construction: a new approach to DNA manipulation.

Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is a heparin-binding protein which is mitogenic for a wide variety of cells derived from the mesoderm and neuroectoderm. It is also known as an angiogenic and neurotrophic molecule. The mutagenesis of bovine bFGF gene into the human bFGF gene and the expression of human bFGF have been carried out in this laboratory.

Lactulose--a potential drug for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.

Lactulose is a drug mainly used as a laxative and for the treatment of porto-systemic encephalopathy. Following oral administration, intact lactulose reaches the colon, where it is split by bacteria, leading to a reduction in faecal pH and creating intestinal conditions beneficial to Lactobacillus acidophilus and inhibitory to coliform bacteria, bacteroides, Salmonella and Shigella. It was shown that lactulose therapy clears faecal salmonella and shigella species and reduces the prevalence of urinary-tract infection and respiratory tract infections.

China's first total care unit for the spinal cord injured.

Before discussing China's first total care unit for the spinal cord injured, it is important, though difficult due to lack of an epidemiological study, to give the incidence of spinal cord injury in China. The only seriously conducted study of this kind was that from the Beijing Area (Spinal Cord Injury Investigating Group in Beijing, 1988). Some of the results will be presented below.