Biphasic cartilage repair implant versus microfracture in the treatment of focal chondral and osteochondral lesions of the knee: a prospective, multi-center, randomized clinical trial.

Background: Autologous minced cartilage is a method for cartilage defect repair, and our study focuses on a newly developed biphasic cylindrical osteochondral construct designed for use in human knees. We aimed to compare its clinical effectiveness and safety with microfracture, the commonly utilized reparative treatment for knee chondral or osteochondral defects.

Materials And Methods: Conducted as a prospective multicenter, randomized controlled, non-inferiority trial across nine hospitals, the study involved 92 patients with International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) grade 3 to 4 chondral or osteochondral lesions on femoral condyles.

Correlation between the utilization of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and the risk of dementia: a nationwide population-based study in Taiwan.

The impact of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SLGT2i) usage on reducing the risk of dementia remains uncertain. Our research seeks to establish the association between dementia risk and SLGT2 inhibitors among individuals with diabetes. This study relied on data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Database (NHIRD), which was established in 1995 coinciding with the launch of the National Health Insurance (NHI) program by the Taiwanese government.

Risk of long-term ophthalmological complications in Taiwanese preterm infants: a nationwide cohort study.

Objectives: The aim was to determine whether different maturity levels and birth weights could change the risk of long-term ophthalmological complications in preterm infants.

Design: This was a cohort study.

Setting: This was a nationwide population-based study.

Effectiveness of an e-book in enhancing knowledge, coping behaviors and preventive strategies for sexual harassment prevention among new nurses: A randomized controlled study.

Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of an interactive e-book in improving new nurses' knowledge, coping behaviors and preventive strategies for sexual harassment prevention, while also assessing its impact on learning motivation.

Background: Sexual harassment has a detrimental effect on nurses' physical and mental well-being, as well as on patient safety, with new nurses being particularly vulnerable.

Design: A single centre, randomized controlled study.

Danshensu Interventions Mediate Rapid Antidepressant Effects by Activating the Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Signaling and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Release.

Objective: Danshensu, a phenylpropanoid compound, is derived from the dry root and rhizome of Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza), a traditional Chinese medicinal herb. Evidence suggests that danshensu protects isolated rat hearts against ischemia/reperfusion injury by activating the protein kinase B (Akt)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway or by inhibiting autophagy and apoptosis through the activation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling. Furthermore, danshensu promotes the postischemic regeneration of brain cells by upregulating the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the peri-infarct region.

Intranasal administration of mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing FGF21 demonstrates therapeutic potential in experimental Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent movement disorder characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction and dopaminergic neuronal loss in the substantia nigra of the midbrain. Currently, there are no effective treatments to cure or slow the progression of PD, highlighting an urgent need for new therapeutic strategies. Emerging evidence suggests that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) are potential candidates for PD treatment.

Long-term follow-up of neurocognitive function in patients with citrin deficiency and cholestasis.

Background: Citrin deficiency is a rare metabolic disorder prevalent in East and Southeast Asia that affects liver or neurological function throughout various life stages. While early diagnosis and dietary management can improve prognosis for infant onset disease, data on long-term neurocognitive outcomes is scarce.

Purpose: This study aimed to clarify whether transient metabolic disturbances during early childhood have a lasting effect on the neurocognitive function of individuals with citrin deficiency.

Trimodal therapy and surgical approaches in stage IIIA/N2 non-small cell lung cancer.

The standard treatment guideline for stage IIIA/N2 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains controversial despite years of research, and the necessity of surgery is still debated. This study aims to explore optimal treatment and surgical methods for stage IIIA/N2 NSCLC patients.We obtained data from the Taiwan Cancer Registry (TCR) to compare the overall survival rates of different subgroups of stage IIIA/N2 NSCLC patients, as well as the overall survival rates of different treatment strategies and surgical methods.

The Risk Assessment of Uveitis After Monkeypox Diagnosis: A Multicenter Population-Based Study.

The risks of uveitis development among monkeypox (MPOX) patients are unclear. To determine the uveitis risks after (MPOX) diagnosis. Population-based, retrospective cohort study used the TriNetX database and recruited those with and without MPOX diagnosis from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2023.

Renoprotective Effects of Brown-Strain Singer in Chronic Kidney Disease-Induced Mice Through Modulation of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation and Regulation of Renal Transporters.

Cisplatin, widely used in chemotherapy, acts through mechanisms such as oxidative stress to damage the DNA and cause the apoptosis of cancer cells. Although effective, cisplatin treatment is associated with considerable side effects including chronic kidney disease (CKD). Studies on brown-strain Singer (FVB) have shown its significant antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects.

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors for Cessation of Betel Quid Use in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder in Taiwan.

: Major depressive disorder (MDD) frequently co-occurs with substance use disorders such as alcohol and nicotine use disorders. Comorbid substance use disorders worsen the clinical symptoms of MDD and exacerbate addictive behaviors and presentations. However, the relationship between MDD and betel quid use disorder (BUD) in Taiwan has not been extensively investigated.

25-Hydroxycholecalciferol Improves Cardiac Metabolic Adaption, Mitochondrial Biogenetics, and Redox Status to Ameliorate Pathological Remodeling and Functional Failure in Obese Chickens.

Broiler breeder hens allowed ad libitum (Ad) feed intake developed obesity and cardiac pathogenesis and thereby were susceptible to sudden death. A supplement of 69 µg 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-OH-D3)/kg feed rescued the livability of feed-restricted (R) and Ad-hens (mortality; 6.7% vs.

Enhancing Antioxidant Benefits of Kombucha Through Optimized Glucuronic Acid by Selected Symbiotic Fermentation Culture.

Kombucha, a functional beverage rich in glucuronic acid, is fermented in the presence of acetic acid bacteria and yeast as the primary microorganisms. Glucuronic acid is recognized for its various physiological benefits, such as detoxification, antioxidation, and anti-inflammation. To optimize the glucuronic acid content in kombucha, various strain combinations by selecting fermented sources were accomplished.

Low CXCL11 expression is indicative of poor prognosis in rectal cancer patients undergoing preoperative chemoradiotherapy: a retrospective cohort study.

Introduction: Neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) is routinely used before surgery in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer to reduce tumor size and decrease the risk of local recurrence. However, the disease-specific survival has not improved in most cases due to distant metastases. In selected individuals exhibiting a clinical complete response, non-operative management may be allowed; however, those who presented no or little response tend to have an inferior prognosis.

Antrodia cinnamomea triterpenoids attenuate cardiac hypertrophy via the SNW1/RXR/ALDH2 axis.

Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2), a pivotal enzyme in the metabolism of toxic aldehydes produced by oxidative stress, has been demonstrated to play a cardioprotective role in cardiovascular diseases. Antrodia cinnamomea triterpenoids (ACT) is a medicinal mushroom with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, and our previous study found that ACT can exert anti-fatty liver effects by regulating ALDH2. This study aimed to elucidate the impact of ACT and its monomer on cardiac hypertrophy and investigate the relationship between its pharmacological mechanism and ALDH2.

2023 TSOC-TACVPR-TACPAH Consensus Statement of the Rehabilitation on Patients with Pulmonary Hypertension.

In the past, patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) were advised to avoid exercise due to concerns that it might strain cardiac function and exacerbate symptoms. However, recent evidence indicates that structured exercise programs can enhance outcomes and improve health-related quality of life for these patients. Consequently, exercise rehabilitation is now recommended in international guidelines as a key component of PH management.

Tailoring neurosurgical operating room education to medical undergraduates: Integrative review and meta-synthesis.

Introduction: Integrating medical students into the neurosurgical operating room (OR) presents significant pedagogical challenges, compounded by the phenomenon of neurophobia, or aversion to neuroscience. Despite the importance of early neurosurgical exposure, there is a lack of structured educational strategies for undergraduates.Research Question How can neurosurgical OR education be effectively tailored to address undergraduate medical students' educational needs and mitigate neurophobia?

Material And Methods: This study employs an integrative approach, combining narrative synthesis and critical interpretive synthesis (CIS).

Collaborative Outcomes Study on Health and Functioning During Infection Times (COH-FIT): Global and Risk-Group Stratified Course of Well-Being and Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Adolescents.

Objective: To identify the COVID-19 pandemic impact on well-being/mental health, coping strategies, and risk factors in adolescents worldwide.

Method: This study was based on an anonymous online multi-national/multi-language survey in the general population (representative/weighted non-representative samples, 14-17 years of age), measuring change in well-being (World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index [WHO-5]/range = 0-100) and psychopathology (validated composite P-score/range = 0-100), WHO-5 <50 and <29, pre- vs during COVID-19 pandemic (April 26, 2020-June 26, 2022). Coping strategies and 9 a priori- defined individual/cumulative risk factors were measured.