Clinical outcomes and cost-utility analysis of GKRS plus TKIs versus TKIs in patients with EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma and brain metastases: a Markov decision model.

Objective: This study focuses on epidermal growth factor receptor-mutated lung adenocarcinoma, known for frequent brain metastasis. It aimed to compare the clinical outcomes and cost-effectiveness of combining Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) (GKRS+TKI group) versus TKIs alone (TKI group) for the treatment of patients with newly diagnosed brain metastasis in this condition.

Methods: Study characteristics of the two groups were matched using inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW).

Hypothetical criteria and types for cochlear migraine.

Cochlear migraine (CM) and cochleovestibular migraine were first reported in 2018. However, the diagnostic criteria and types of CM were still undefined. We proposed a hypothetical criteria for CM as below: A.

Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells in Humans Exhibit Resistance to Suberoylanilide Hydroxamic Acid (SAHA) Owing to the Diminished Level of Hsa-miR-125a-5p.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) presents an escalating public health challenge globally. However, drug resistance has emerged as a major impediment to successful HCC treatment, limiting the efficacy of curative interventions. Despite numerous investigations into the diverse impacts of hsa-miR-125a-5p on tumor growth across different cancer types, its specific involvement in chemotherapy resistance in HCC remains elusive.

Photoexcited CuO/TiO Heterojunction for Photoelectrochemical Sensors for Nonenzymatic Glucose Detection.

Photoelectrochemical sensors have been studied for glucose detection because of their ability to minimize background noise and unwanted reactions. Titanium dioxide (TiO), a highly efficient material in converting light into electricity, cannot utilize visible light. In this regard, we developed a nonenzymatic glucose sensor by using a simple one-step electrospinning technique to combine cupric oxide with TiO to create a heterojunction.

Effective Management Strategies for Primary Lymphedema of the Lower Extremities: Integrating Conservative and Surgical Therapies in Early and Late Stages.

Introduction: Lymphedema, a debilitating characterized by localized fluid retention and tissue swelling, results from abnormalities in the lymphatic system. In the case of primary lymphedema, this condition is attributed to malformations in lymphatic vessels or nodes, and it is marked by a relentless progression leading to irreversible tissue fibrosis after repetitive inflammation. Many questions regarding its treatment, such as the choice of the type of intervention and the timing, still remain unanswered.

Echinacoside promotes collagen synthesis and survival via activation of IGF-1 signaling to alleviate UVB-induced dermal fibroblast photoaging.

Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation is a major factor contributing to skin photoaging, including the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), collagen breakdown, and overall skin damage. Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-1) is a polypeptide hormone that regulates dermal survival and collagen synthesis. Echinacoside (Ech), a natural phenylethanoid glycoside, is the most abundant active compound in Cistanches.

The additive impact of reduced symptom-to-door and door-to-balloon times on survival rates in acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients.

Background: Shortened door-to-balloon time (D2B) has been documented to confer cardiovascular benefits for ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). However, prolonged myocardial ischemic duration usually negates the beneficial effects due to delayed symptom-to-door time (S2D). In this study, we sought to investigate the joint effect of S2D-D2B in predicting clinical outcomes.

Baseline Impedance via Manometry Predicts Pathological Mean Nocturnal Baseline Impedance in Isolated Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Symptoms.

Background/aims: Distal mean nocturnal baseline impedance (MNBI) measuring via pH-impedance may be valuable in diagnosing patients with suspected laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR). However, its wide adoption is hindered by cost and invasiveness. This study investigates whether baseline impedance measured during high-resolution impedance manometry (HRIM-BI) can predict pathological MNBI.

Advanced whole transcriptome sequencing and artificial intelligence/machine learning (AI/ML) in imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like inflammation of human keratinocytes.

Introduction: Although the HaCaT keratinocyte model has been used in previous research to study the effects of antipsoriatic agents, there is still a lack of comprehensive understanding of the mechanism of imiquimod (IMQ)-induced proliferation and signal transduction in psoriasis-like keratinocytes.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms and pathways associated with psoriasis-like inflammation caused by IMQ in human keratinocytes.

Materials And Methods: HaCaT cells were exposed to different concentrations of IMQ to induce inflammation similar to that observed in psoriasis.

Artificial intelligence-driven prediction and validation of blood-brain barrier permeability and absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion profiles in natural product research laboratory compounds.

Introduction: Our previous research demonstrated that a large language model (LLM) based on the transformer architecture, specifically the MegaMolBART encoder with an XGBoost classifier, effectively predicts the blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability of compounds. However, the permeability coefficients of compounds that can traverse this barrier remain unclear. Additionally, the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) characteristics of substances obtained from the Natural Product Research Laboratory (NPRL) at China Medical University Hospital (CMUH) have not yet been determined.

Artificial intelligence (AI)-powered bibliometric analysis of global trends in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-derived exosome research: 2014-2023.

Introduction: In recent years, significant progress has been made in regenerative medicine, specifically in using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) due to their regenerative and differentiating abilities. An exciting development in this area is the utilization of exosomes derived from MSCs, which have shown promise in tissue restoration, immune system modulation, and cancer treatment.

Objectives: This study aims to analyze global research trends and the academic impact of MSCs-derived exosomes from 2014 to 2023, providing a comprehensive overview of this emerging field.

Integrating natural product research laboratory with artificial intelligence: Advancements and breakthroughs in traditional medicine.

The Natural Product Research Laboratory (NPRL) of China Medical University Hospital (CMUH) was established in collaboration with CMUH and Professor Kuo-Hsiung Lee from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. The laboratory collection features over 6000 natural products worldwide, including pure compounds and semi-synthetic derivatives. This is the most comprehensive and fully operational natural product database in Taiwan.

Juxtaposition of bone age and sexual maturity rating of the Taiwanese population.

Background: Bone age (BA) and sexual maturity rating (SMR) are crucial measures in assessing adolescent growth and development. However, studies specifically focusing on the association between BA and SMR in the Taiwanese adolescent population are limited. This study aims to utilize AI-assessed BA results to establish a relationship between BA and SMR in the Taiwanese adolescent population, particularly regarding the initiation of puberty.

2025 Expert Consensus Recommendations for the Diagnostic Requirements in Routine Practices of Transthoracic Echocardiography.

Transthoracic echocardiography plays a crucial role in clinical diagnosis and is increasingly being used around the world. Comprehensive echocardiographic examinations require accurate measurements and the operators to have excellent technical skills. Despite the availability of several published echocardiographic guidelines, the absence of recommended operational manuals in daily practice has resulted in significant variation in the content of echocardiography reports across different medical institutions.

Vulnerable parafoveal microcirculation quadrant in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of vision loss among adults. This study evaluates Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) vessel density (VD) as a marker for DR in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. An observational study was conducted with 47 type 2 DM patients and 21 healthy controls.

Xalnesiran with or without an Immunomodulator in Chronic Hepatitis B.

Background: Xalnesiran, a small interfering RNA molecule that targets a conserved region of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) genome and silences multiple HBV transcripts, may have efficacy, with or without an immunomodulator, in patients with chronic HBV infection.

Methods: We conducted a phase 2, multicenter, randomized, controlled, adaptive, open-label platform trial that included the evaluation of 48 weeks of treatment with xalnesiran at a dose of 100 mg (group 1), xalnesiran at a dose of 200 mg (group 2), xalnesiran at a dose of 200 mg plus 150 mg of ruzotolimod (group 3), xalnesiran at a dose of 200 mg plus 180 μg of pegylated interferon alfa-2a (group 4), or a nucleoside or nucleotide analogue (NA) alone (group 5) in participants with chronic HBV infection who had virologic suppression with NA therapy. The primary efficacy end point was hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss (HBsAg level, <0.

Studies on Shielding and Activation Levels in a Concrete-Iron-Concrete Sandwich Structure Wall in the CMUH Proton Therapy Facility.

The shielding performance and activation susceptibility of a sandwich wall in the proton therapy facility of China Medical University Hospital were investigated in an integrated manner using FLUKA Monte Carlo simulations. The 2-m-thick partition wall between two adjoining treatment rooms had a three-layered structure, which comprised a 0.2-m-thick iron layer sandwiched between two layers of 0.

Discovery of Potent Dengue Virus NS2B-NS3 Protease Inhibitors Among Glycyrrhizic Acid Conjugates with Amino Acids and Dipeptides Esters.

This study investigated a library of known and novel glycyrrhizic acid (GL) conjugates with amino acids and dipeptide esters, as inhibitors of the DENV NS2B-NS3 protease. We utilized docking algorithms to evaluate the interactions of these GL derivatives with key residues (His51, Asp75, Ser135, and Gly153) within 10 Å of the DENV-2 NS2B-NS3 protease binding pocket (PDB ID: 2FOM). It was found that compounds and exhibited unique binding patterns, forming hydrogen bonds with Asp75, Tyr150, and Gly153.

A Comparative Analysis of Toxicology and Non-Toxicology Care in Intoxicated Patients with Acute Kidney Injury.

: Intoxicated patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) experience high morbidity and mortality. While prior studies suggest that toxicology care settings improve outcomes, the impact of care settings on patients with AKI remains unclear. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of intoxicated patients with AKI managed in toxicology versus non-toxicology care settings.

Sesamoid Bone Reduction in Hallux Valgus: Comparing Radiological Outcomes of Hallux Valgus Following Distal Chevron Osteotomy and Modified McBride Procedure.

: Hallux valgus is a common forefoot disorder with hundreds of proposed management techniques. Distal chevron osteotomy with a modified McBride procedure has been traditionally recommended for mild hallux valgus because of its simple and less invasive nature with fewer complications, faster recovery, and reliable outcomes. In recent years, the indications for this procedure have expanded to include hallux valgus with severe deformities.

Whole Exome Sequencing Facilitates Early Diagnosis of Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome: A Case Series.

Background: Lesch-Nyhan syndrome (LNS) is a rare X-linked recessive metabolic disorder caused by mutations in the gene, resulting in hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) deficiency. Early diagnosis is critical for optimizing management and improving outcomes. This study presents a case series of three Taiwanese patients diagnosed at a single medical center.