[Research progress on mechanisms of ligustilide in treatment of nervous system diseases].

Ligustilide is the main active component of the volatile oil from Angelica sinensis and Ligusticum chuanxiong in the Umbelliferae family. It is a phthalein compound with anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant, anti-tumor, anti-atherosclerosis, neuroprotective, and other pharmacological effects. It can improve the permeability of the blood-brain barrier and has important potential in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and other nervous system diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, ischemic stroke, Parkinson's disease, vascular dementia, and depression.

Posterior scleral reinforcement surgery effectively slows the rate of high myopic progression in children.

Purpose: To investigate the rate of axial length elongation and high myopia progression in operated eyes before and after posterior scleral reinforcement (PSR) surgery.

Methods: This was a retrospective study. Children with pathological myopia treated with PSR at Beijing Tongren Hospital between May 2013 and May 2020 were recruited into the PSR surgery group.

Domain Switching Characteristics in Ga-Doped HfO Ferroelectric Thin Films with Low Coercive Field.

The gallium-doped hafnium oxide (Ga-HfO) films with different Ga doping concentrations were prepared by adjusting the HfO/GaO atomic layer deposition cycle ratio for high-speed and low-voltage operation in HfO-based ferroelectric memory. The Ga-HfO ferroelectric films reveal a finely modulated coercive field () from 1.1 (HfO/GaO = 32:1) to an exceptionally low 0.

[Research progress of diagnosis and treatment of early-onset colorectal cancer].

In recent years, the incidence rate of early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC) continues to rise, but its pathogenesis is still unclear. EOCRC is different from late-onset colorectal cancer in terms of the clinical and molecular pathological features, but their treatment strategies are the same, due to a lack of specific guidelines of screening, diagnosis and treatment for EOCRC. This article summarizes the research progress of epidemiological characteristics, risk factors, clinical features, molecular pathological features, pathogenesis, and prevention and screening strategies for EOCRC, in order to provide theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of patients with EOCRC.

Morphine timing-dependent modulation of TRPV1 phosphorylation correlates with differential morphine effects on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Opioids are used for pain relief in patients suffering from acute myocardial ischemia or infarction. Clinical and laboratory studies demonstrate that morphine treated patients or the experimental animal model suffering acute myocardial ischemia and reperfusion, may worsen myocardial viability. As transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) plays important roles in pain sensation and cardio-protection, we query whether opioids may exacerbate myocardial viability via interaction with TRPV1 activity in the pain relief.

Intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI for predicting parametrial invasion in cervical cancer.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the predictive efficacy of intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging (IVIM-DWI) and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) in parametrial invasion (PMI) in cervical cancer patients.

Methods: A total of 83 cervical cancer patients (32 PMI-positive and 51 PMI-negative) retrospectively underwent pretreatment IVIM-DWI and DCE-MRI scans. IVIM-DWI parameters included apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), slow apparent diffusion coefficient (D), fast apparent diffusion coefficient (D*), and perfusion fraction (f).

Azaphilone pigments from the marine-derived Penicillium sclerotium UJNMF 0503 and their neuroprotective potential against HO-induced cell apoptosis through modulating PI3K/Akt pathway.

Azaphilones represent a particular group of fascinating pigments from fungal source, with easier industrialization and lower cost than the traditional plant-derived pigments, and they also display a wide range of pharmacological activities. Herein, 28 azaphilone analogs, including 12 new ones, were obtained from the fermentation culture of a marine fungus Penicillium sclerotium UJNMF 0503. Their structures were elucidated by MS, NMR and ECD analyses, together with NMR and ECD calculations and biogenetic considerations.

Dihydroquercetin alleviates dopamine neuron loss via regulating TREM2 activation.

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder, marked by the degeneration of dopamine (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). Current evidence strongly suggests that neuroinflammation, primarily mediated by microglia, contributes to PD pathogenesis. Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) might serve as a promising therapeutic target for PD due to its ability to suppress neuroinflammation.

Hydromassage of macular hole edges for large and persistent full-thickness macular holes.

Aim: To introduce the macular hole (MH) hydromassage technique as a potentially beneficial approach for the treatment of large or persistent MH.

Methods: This retrospective observational case series comprised 16 consecutive patients (17 eyes) diagnosed with MH. Inclusion criteria involved a hole aperture diameter larger than 600 µm or the presence of an unclosed MH larger than 600 µm following the previous vitrectomy.

Development of Stable Water-Soluble Supratomic Silver Clusters Utilizing A Polyoxoniobate-Protected Strategy: Giant Core-Shell-Type Ag@Nb Fluorescent Nanocluster.

Atomically precise low-nuclearity (n<10) silver nanoclusters (AgNCs) have garnered significant interest due to their size-dependent optical properties and diverse applications. However, their synthesis has remained challenging, primarily due to their inherent instability. The present study introduces a new feasible approach for clustering silver ions utilizing highly negative and redox-inert polyoxoniobates (PONbs) as all-inorganic ligands.

Ammonia stripping by in situ biogas self-circulation to upgrade continuous thermophilic and mesophilic digestion of hydrothermal high-solid sludge.

High-solid anaerobic digestion of hydrothermal sewage sludge has been developed. In order to upgrade the process by focusing on ammonia inhibition, a simply-equipped stripping system without additional alkali or heat supply was introduced by in situ biogas self-circulation. As the determined limit of total ammonia nitrogen at 1500 mg/L and 1000 mg/L for the mesophilic (MAD) and thermophilic anaerobic digestion (TAD) respectively and stripping rate at 5 L/min, continuous MAD and TAD was conducted in parallel.

An Organodiphosphate-Containing Polyoxoniobate Ring and Its Assembly into a Three-Dimensional Framework through Hydrogen Bonding.

In this work, a novel organodiphosphate-containing inorganic-organic hybrid polyoxoniobate (PONb) ring {(POCHCHPOH)NbO} () has been achieved by a one-pot hydrothermal method. The ring is constructed from a tetragonal {NbO} motif and four {POCHCHPOH} ligands. Interestingly, can be joined together via K-HO clusters {K(HO)(OH)} to form one-dimensional chains {[K(HO)(OH)]} and further linked by {Cu(en)} (en = ethylenediamine) complexes, resulting in a three-dimensional supramolecular framework {[Cu(en)][K(HO)(OH)]}·3en·HO ().

Selective Orexin 2 Receptor Blockade Alleviates Cognitive Impairments and the Pathological Progression of Alzheimer's Disease in 3xTg-AD Mice.

The orexin system is closely related to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Orexin-A aggravates cognitive dysfunction and increases amyloid β (Aβ) deposition in AD model mice, but studies of different dual orexin receptor (OXR) antagonists in AD have shown inconsistent results. Our previous study revealed that OX1R blockade aggravates cognitive deficits and pathological progression in 3xTg-AD mice, but the effects of OX2R and its potential mechanism in AD have not been reported.

NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated premature immunosenescence drives diabetic vascular aging dependent on the induction of perivascular adipose tissue dysfunction.

Aims: The vascular aging process accelerated by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is responsible for the elevated risk of associated cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Metabolic disorder-induced immune senescence has been implicated in multi-organ/tissue damage. Herein, we sought to determine the role of immunosenescence in diabetic vascular aging and to investigate the underlying mechanisms.

Synthesis and Application of Specific NH Fluorescent Probes with AIE Effect Based on Pyrazole Structure.

Two fluorescent probes, Y were synthesized from 2-acetonaphthone, 4-acetylbiphenyl, and phenyl hydrazine by Vilsmeier-Haack reaction and Knoevenagel condensation. Their recognition efficacies for NH were tested by UV-visible absorption spectroscopy and fluorescence emission spectroscopy. The recognition mechanism were studies by density-functional theory calculations, and the effect of pH on NH recognition was also studied.

A benzimidazole-appended double-armed salamo type fluorescence and colorimetric bifunctional sensor for identification of MnO and its applications in actual water samples.

The symmetrically double-armed salamo type fluorescent sensor BMS, incorporating benzimidazole units, was designed and synthesized. Showcasing remarkable specificity and responsiveness to MnO within a DMSO:HO (V/V = 9:1, pH = 7.2) Tris-HCl buffer medium, it enabled dual-channel detection of MnO through fluorescent and colorimetric changes.

[Effect of different cleaning methods on bond strength and surface wettability of high translucency zirconia].

Purpose: To study the effect of different cleaning methods on the shear bond strength of self-adhesive resin cement to saliva-contaminated high translucency zirconia and surface wettability.

Methods: Eighty zirconia specimens were randomly divided into 5 groups (n=16), i.e.

Upadacitinib for refractory ulcerative colitis with primary nonresponse to infliximab and vedolizumab: A case report.

Background: Many patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) do not respond well to, or tolerate conventional and biological therapies. There is currently no consensus on the treatment of refractory UC. Studies have demonstrated that the selective Janus kinase 1 inhibitor upadacitinib, a small-molecule drug, is effective and safe for treating UC.

Effects of schisandrin B on hypoxia-related cognitive function and protein expression in vascular dementia rats.

Vascular dementia (VD) a heterogenous group of brain disorders in which cognitive impairment is attributable to vascular risk factors and cerebrovascular disease. A common phenomenon in VD is a dysfunctional cerebral regulatory mechanism associated with insufficient cerebral blood flow, ischemia and hypoxia. Under hypoxic conditions oxygen supply to the brain results in neuronal death leading to neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's (AD) and VD.

Mechanisms underlying LncRNA SNHG1 regulation of Alzheimer's disease involve DNA methylation.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease associated with long non-coding RNAs and DNA methylation; however, the mechanisms underlying the role of lncRNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 1 (lncRNA SNHG1) and subsequent involvement of DNA methylation in AD development are not known. The aim of this study was to examine the regulatory mechanisms attributed to lncRNA SNHG1 gene utilizing 2 strains of senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) model of AD and compared to senescence-accelerated mouse resistant (SAMR) considered a control. Both strains of the mouse were transfected with either blank virus, psLenti-U6-SNHG1(low gene expression) virus, and psLenti-pA-SNHG1(gene overexpression) virus via a single injection into the brains for 2 weeks.

An unusual highly sensitive dual-channel bis(salamo)-like chemical probe for recognizing BO, sensing mechanism, theoretical calculations and practical applications.

A bis(salamo)-like chemical sensor HL ((1E,3E)-2-hydroxy-5-methylisophthalaldehyde O,O -di(3-((((E)-(2-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)methylene)amino)oxy)propyl) dioxime) was constructed. HL is capable of recognizing BO in HO/DMF (1:9, v/v) solution by both fluorescent and colorimetric channels, bright green fluorescence was turned on when BO was added to HL and changed from colorless to yellow in natural light. The detection limit was 3.