Long-term follow-up seizure outcomes after corpus callosotomy: A systematic review with meta-analysis.

Background: Corpus callosotomy (CC) is appropriate for patients with seizures of a bilateral or diffuse origin, or those with seizures of a unilateral origin with rapid spread to the contralateral cerebral hemisphere. The efficiency of CC in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy is a long-term concern because most articles reporting the surgical results of CC arise from small case series, and the durations of follow-up vary.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched to identify papers published before November 8, 2021.

High diagnostic performance of time-resolved MR angiography in spinal arteriovenous shunts.

Background And Purpose: In comparison with the limited efficacy of conventional MR imaging and the invasiveness of catheter-based digital subtraction angiography (DSA), time-resolved MR angiography (TR-MRA) has been proposed as a promising examination for early diagnosis of spinal arteriovenous shunts (SAVSs). This paper aims to investigate the diagnostic performance of TR-MRA with scan parameters optimized for SAVSs evaluation in a large number of patients.

Methods: One hundred patients with suspected SAVSs were enrolled.

Prognostic and risk factors for the surgical efficacy of central spinal cord syndrome in patients with preexisting degenerative cervical spinal cord compression.

Objectives: To analyze the prognostic and risk factors related to surgical treatment of central spinal cord syndrome (CSS) and to find out the optimal timing of operative management.

Methods: From January 2011 to January 2019, a consecutive series of 128 patients with CSS confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were retrospectively analyzed including their clinical records and radiologic data from a prospectively maintained database in a single center.

Results: According to the prognosis evaluated by the modified Japanese Orthopedic Association (mJOA), American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) motor score (AMS), and ASIA impairment scale (AIS) grade, the overall postoperative outcome was good.

Multimodal CT imaging characteristics may predict post-reperfusion infarct volume in wake-up stroke patients.

Background: Accurate prediction of subsequent infarct volume in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients helps determine appropriate interventions and prognosis. The objectives are to assess whether early multimodal CT imaging characteristics of wake-up stroke (WUS) patients could predict post-reperfusion infarct volume and evaluate the accuracy of baseline infarct and penumbra volumes for predicting follow-up infarct volume.

Methods: This retrospective study included WUS patients, last seen well (LSW) >6 h, with multimodal CT imaging at baseline.

Mechanism of oxidized phospholipid-related inflammatory response in vascular ageing.

Vascular ageing is an important factor in the morbidity and mortality of the elderly. Atherosclerosis is a characteristic disease of vascular ageing, which is closely related to the enhancement of vascular inflammation. Phospholipid oxidation products are important factors in inducing cellular inflammation.

Endovascular therapy versus medical treatment for symptomatic intracranial artery stenosis.

Background: Intracranial artery stenosis (ICAS) is an arterial narrowing in the brain that can cause stroke. Endovascular therapy (ET) and conventional medical treatment (CMT) may prevent recurrent ischaemic stroke caused by ICAS. However, there is no consensus on the best treatment for people with ICAS.

The Posterior Belly of Digastric Muscle as the Landmark in Facial Nerve Anastomosis Surgery: Anatomical Study and Case Illustration.

Objective: To establish a new method for fast exposure of the facial nerve and hypoglossal nerve during facial nerve anastomosis surgery.

Methods: Dissection of 12 formalin-fixed cadaveric specimens was performed to explore the positional relationship between the posterior belly of digastric muscle (PBD) and the facial nerve and hypoglossal nerve. We retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent facial nerve reconstruction surgery between 2015 and 2020 at Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, and the optimized surgical strategy based on the PBD was proposed.

Pipeline Embolization Device for Small and Medium Vertebral Artery Aneurysms: A Multicenter Study.

Background: Pipeline embolization devices (PEDs) have been increasingly used for the treatment of posterior circulation aneurysms.

Objective: To investigate the safety and efficacy of PED in the treatment of small to medium unruptured vertebral artery intracranial aneurysms (VAIAs).

Methods: Data from 76 patients with 78 unruptured small and medium (≤12 mm) VAIAs were analyzed.

Analysis of the wall thickness of intracranial aneurysms: Can computational fluid dynamics detect the translucent areas of saccular intracranial aneurysms and predict the rupture risk preoperatively?

Background And Purpose: The translucent area on the surface of intracranial aneurysms (IAs) is associated with rupture risk. In the present study, the Polyflow module of the Ansys software was used to simulate and analyze the thickness of the aneurysm wall to detect whether it was "translucent" and to assess the rupture risk.

Methods: Forty-five patients with 48 IAs who underwent microsurgery were retrospectively reviewed.

Knowledge domains and emerging trends of microglia research from 2002 to 2021: A bibliometric analysis and visualization study.

Background: Microglia have been identified for a century. In this period, their ontogeny and functions have come to light thanks to the tireless efforts of scientists. However, numerous documents are being produced, making it challenging for scholars, especially those new to the field, to understand them thoroughly.

Arteriovenous fistulas in the craniocervical junction region: With vs. without spinal arterial feeders.

Objective: Arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) in the craniocervical junction (CCJ) region are a rare occurrence with special clinical manifestations. This study retrospectively reviewed patients with CCJ AVFs treated at our neurosurgical center, aiming to enhance the understanding of CCJ AVFs.

Methods: A total of 113 patients with CCJ AVFs treated at our neurosurgical center between January 2013 and December 2020 were enrolled.

Clinical and prognostic features of venous hypertensive myelopathy from craniocervical arteriovenous fistulas: a retrospective cohort study.

Objective: Current knowledge about venous hypertensive myelopathy (VHM) is incomplete. This study was performed with the aim of clarifying the clinical features and outcomes of craniocervical VHM.

Methods: This retrospective, single-center cohort study included 65 patients with craniocervical junction arteriovenous fistulas resulting in VHM treated in Xuanwu Hospital from January 1, 2002, to December 30, 2020.

Relationship Between Syrinx Resolution and Cervical Sagittal Realignment Following Decompression Surgery for Chiari I Malformation Related Syringomyelia Based on Configuration Phenotypes.

Objective: Combined with different configuration types of syringomyelia, to analyze the correlation between syrinx resolution and changes in cervical sagittal alignment following Foramen magnum and Magendie dredging (FMMD) for syringomyelia associated with Chiari I malformation (CM-I), and to further explore the respective relationship with clinical outcome.

Methods: A consecutive series of 127 patients with CM-I and syringomyelia who underwent FMMD in our center met the inclusion criteria of this study. Their clinical records and radiologic data were retrospectively reviewed.

Association of local solid mechanical, hemodynamic and morphological characteristics with ruptured intracranial aneurysm.

The rupture of intracranial aneurysms (IAs) is a complicated phenomenon of which the mechanism is not fully understood. The purpose of this study is to associate local solid mechanical, hemodynamic, and morphological characteristics with rupture regions through statistical means, in an attempt to identify the parameters that are indicative of rupture propensity for IAs. Twenty patient-specific ruptured IA models were reconstructed from digital subtraction angiography (DSA), and applied in the analysis of wall tension, wall shear stress (WSS) and curvature.

Microsurgery for vestibular schwannoma: analysis of short-term clinical outcome.

Background: Total removal of the vestibular schwannoma when preserving the function of the facial nerve is difficult. The objective of the current study was to investigate the short-term clinical outcome of vestibular schwannoma removal via retro-sigmoid approach.

Methods: One-hundred consecutive patients diagnosed with vestibular schwannoma were surgically treated between December 2018 and August 2019 in Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University.

The role of the orbitofrontal cortex and insula for prognosis of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy.

Objective: We investigated the network between the medial temporal lobe (MTL) and extratemporal structures in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) in order to explain the recurrence of MTLE after surgery. This study contributes to our current understanding of MTLE with stereotactic electroencephalography (SEEG).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of SEEG in 20 patients with MTLE in order to observe and analyze the intensity of interictal high-frequency oscillations (HFOs), as well as the dynamic course of coherence connectivity values of the MTL and extratemporal structures during the initial phase of the seizure.

PCSK9 inhibitors for anti-inflammation in atherosclerosis: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Introduction: Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Lipid accumulation and inflammation play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors are an emerging lipid-lowering agent reported as a potential anti-inflammation effect in the prevention of CVD.

Modified Eversion Carotid Endarterectomy: A Novel Surgical Technique for Carotid Artery Stenosis Treatment.

Background: Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) has been the standard therapy for carotid artery stenosis (CAS). Modified eversion carotid endarterectomy (mECEA) was recently introduced to treat CAS. However, the short-term safety and long-term efficacy of mECEA are still controversial among studies.

Outcomes after endovascular thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke patients with active cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Active cancer (AC) is a known risk factor for stroke and a common comorbidity among patients being considered for treatment with endovascular thrombectomy (EVT). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the current evidence for the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of EVT for patients with AC.

Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were searched for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies which met the inclusion criteria for EVT in patients with AC.

Postoperative neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio predicts unfavorable outcome of acute ischemic stroke patients who achieve complete reperfusion after thrombectomy.

Purpose: Only approximately half of anterior circulation large vessel occlusion (LVO) patients receiving endovascular treatment (EVT) have a favorable outcome. The aim of this study was to explore the association of dynamic inflammatory markers (i.e.