Efficacy of Tracheal Traction Exercise for Prevention of Laryngopharyngeal Complications Following Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Objective: Tracheal traction exercise (TTE) has been proposed as a preventative measure for laryngopharyngeal complications following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. However, the exact effects of TTE remain controversial. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to evaluate the efficacy of TTE.

Transcarotid versus transfemoral access for cerebrovascular intervention: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Cerebrovascular intervention is an excellent option to treat cerebrovascular diseases. Interventional access is a prerequisite and a foundation for cerebrovascular intervention, which is crucial to the success of an intervention. Although transfemoral arterial access (TFA) has become a popular and acceptable method of access for cerebrovascular angiography and intervention in clinical practice, it has some drawbacks that limit the usage in cerebrovascular interventions.

A sporadic pediatric case of a spinal dumbbell-shaped epithelioid malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor with a novel germline mutation in SMARCB1: a case report and review of the literature.

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are commonly associated with poor prognosis and are primarily caused by germline mutations in the SMARCB1/INI-1 gene. However, these tumors are rarely found in the spine. This case report presents the case of a 3-year-old boy diagnosed with a lumbosacral dumbbell-shaped epithelioid MPNST, an extremely uncommon manifestation.

Single-cell transcriptomics reveals ependymal subtypes related to cytoskeleton dynamics as the core driver of syringomyelia pathological development.

Syringomyelia is a common clinical lesion associated with cerebrospinal fluid flow abnormalities. By a reversible model with chronic extradural compression to mimic human canalicular syringomyelia, we explored the spatiotemporal pathological alterations during syrinx development. The most dynamic alterations were observed in ependymal cells (EPCs), oligodendrocyte lineage, and microglia, as a response to neuroinflammation.

Differential molecular pathway expression according to chemotherapeutic response in ovarian clear cell carcinoma.

Objective: Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) is a distinct entity from epithelial ovarian cancer. The prognosis of advanced and recurrent disease is very poor due to resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. Our aim was to explore the molecular alterations among OCCC patients with different chemotherapeutic responses and to obtain insights into potential biomarkers.

Suppression of TGFβR-Smad3 pathway alleviates the syrinx induced by syringomyelia.

Background: Syringomyelia is a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) disorder resulted in separation of pain and temperature, dilation of central canal and formation of syrinx in central canal. It is unclear about mechanisms of the dilation and syrinx formation. We aimed to investigate roles of ependymal cells lining central canal on the dilation, trying to reduce syrinx formation in central canal.

Coexistence of TSH-secreting adenoma and primary hypothyroidism: a case report and review of literature.

Background: Thyrotropin-secreting adenoma (TSHoma) is the least common type of pituitary adenoma, these patients often present with symptoms of hyperthyroidism. When TSHoma patients combined with autoimmune hypothyroidism, it is critically difficult to diagnose for the specific confusion in the results of thyroid function test.

Case Presentation: One middle-aged male patient was presented with a sellar tumor on cranial MRI for headache symptoms.

Circular RNA as biomarkers for acute ischemic stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Rapid diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients is still challenging, and reliable biomarkers are needed. Noncoding RNAs are important for many physiological activities, among which circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been proven to be more tissue-specific and conservative. Many recent studies found the potential of circRNAs as biomarkers for many diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, cancers, and ischemic stroke.

Membrane contact sites orchestrate cholesterol homeostasis that is central to vascular aging.

Chronological age causes structural and functional vascular deterioration and is a well-established risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases, leading to more than 40% of all deaths in the elderly. The etiology of vascular aging is complex; a significant impact arises from impaired cholesterol homeostasis. Cholesterol level is balanced through synthesis, uptake, transport, and esterification, the processes executed by multiple organelles.

Syringomyelia secondary to thoracic spinal dural arteriovenous fistula presenting as paraparesis.

Spinal dural arteriovenous fistula (SDAVF) is also known as a type 1 spinal arteriovenous malformation, representing the most frequent vascular malformation of the spine. A high suspicion index is often required for the initial diagnosis of SDAVF because of subtle magnetic resonance imaging signs. We present the case of a patient with SDAVF associated with syringomyelia of the thoracic spinal cord and hypothesize that a fistula might induce intramedullary fluid accumulation due to venous hypertension, which leads to syrinx formation.

Outcome after endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke by underlying etiology: Tertiary experience and meta-analysis.

Objective: To investigate the effect of two major etiologies [intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS) and cardioembolism (CE])] on outcomes of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients due to large vessel occlusion (LVO) after endovascular thrombectomy (EVT).

Methods: Anterior circulation AIS patients receiving EVT were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical and laboratory data were collected.

Impairment of Connexin 43 may initiate cilia decline in syringomyelia.

Ependymal cilia, which are maintained by the Connexin 43 (Cx43) and protected by the actin network, play an essential role in regulating cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulation. The decline of ependymal cilia has been reported in syringomyelia, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we used an extradural compression-induced syringomyelia rat model to investigate the changes in cilia and related pathologies during the formation of syringomyelia.

Identification of Metabolism-Related Proteins as Biomarkers of Insulin Resistance and Potential Mechanisms of mA Modification.

Background: Insulin resistance (IR) is a major contributing factor to the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). Adipocyte metabolism is known to play a crucial role in IR. Therefore, the aims of this study were to identify metabolism-related proteins that could be used as potential biomarkers of IR and to investigate the role of N-methyladenosine (mA) modification in the pathogenesis of this condition.

Correlation Among Syrinx Resolution, Cervical Sagittal Realignment, and Surgical Outcome After Posterior Reduction for Basilar Invagination, Atlantoaxial Dislocation, and Syringomyelia.

Background: The correlation among syrinx resolution, occipitoaxial sagittal alignment, and surgical outcome in long-term follow-up seems to have not been clarified.

Objective: To further explore the relationship between the syrinx resolution and occipitoaxial realignment after posterior reduction and fixation in basilar invagination (BI)-atlantoaxial dislocation (AAD) patients with syringomyelia.

Methods: A continuous series of 32 patients with BI-AAD and syringomyelia who received direct posterior reduction met the inclusion criteria of this study.

Computer-assisted microcatheter shaping for intracranial aneurysm embolization: evaluation of safety and efficacy in a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy, stability, and safety of computer-assisted microcatheter shaping (CAMS) in patients with intracranial aneurysms.

Methods: A total of 201 patients with intracranial aneurysms receiving endovascular coiling therapy were continuously recruited and randomly assigned to the CAMS and manual microcatheter shaping (MMS) groups. The investigated outcomes included the first-trial success rate, time to position the microcatheter in aneurysms, rate of successful microcatheter placement within 5 min, delivery times, microcatheter stability, and delivery performance.

Patterns and implications of artery remodeling based on high-resolution vessel wall imaging in symptomatic severe basilar artery stenosis.

Background: Knowledge regarding the influence of arterial remodeling patterns on plaque characteristics and postoperative outcomes in patients with severe basilar artery (BA) stenosis after endovascular treatment is lacking. The purpose of this study was to investigate plaque characteristics, remodeling patterns, and perioperative outcomes in patients with severe BA stenosis.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted on symptomatic patients with severe BA stenosis who underwent high-resolution MRI before endovascular treatment.

A novel scoring system for assessing adult syringomyelia associated with CM I treatment outcomes.

Background: A specific scoring system for syringomyelia is lacking. Our objective was to investigate the value of a novel scoring system (Syringomyelia Outcome Scale of Xuanwu hospital, SOS-XW) in assessing surgical outcomes in the treatment of syringomyelia (SM) associated with Chiari malformation type I (CM I).

Methods: A quantitative evaluation system (SOS-XW) of SM includes 4 parameters: pain (P), sensation (S), movement (M), and syringomyelia tension index (STI).

Using a Facial Nerve Stimulator to Record the Auditory Nerve Compound Action Potential to Locate the Auditory Nerve During Vestibular Schwannoma Resection.

Background: Improved technology in vestibular neuroma resection and facial nerve protection has become more sophisticated, and the protection of hearing during vestibular schwannoma resection is crucial. Currently, brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP), cochlear electrography, and cochlear nerve compound action potential (CNAP) are frequently used. The CNAP waveform is stable; however, the recording electrode can easily affect the procedure and cannot map the auditory nerve.

Diagnosis and Treatment of Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenomas with Thyroid Disorders.

Objective: Patients with nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma (NFPA) can present with different types of thyroid disorders, which are easily misdiagnosed or missed and can even result in serious clinical consequences. This study was to summarize the different types of thyroid disorders in patients with NFPA with the aim of providing references for the diagnosis and treatment of such patients.

Materials And Methods: The data of pituitary adenoma (PA) patients who underwent surgical treatment at Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, from 2017 to 2021 were retrospectively analyzed, and NFPA patients with preoperative thyroid disorders were screened out to analyze their imaging, endocrine, treatment, and prognosis data.

X-box Binding Protein 1: An Adaptor in the Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis.

Atherosclerosis (AS), the formation of fibrofatty lesions in the vessel wall, is the primary cause of heart disease and stroke and is closely associated with aging. Disrupted metabolic homeostasis is a primary feature of AS and leads to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, which is an abnormal accumulation of unfolded proteins. By orchestrating signaling cascades of the unfolded protein response (UPR), ER stress functions as a double-edged sword in AS, where adaptive UPR triggers synthetic metabolic processes to restore homeostasis, whereas the maladaptive response programs the cell to the apoptotic pathway.

A Novel Frameless Laser Stereotaxis System for Neurosurgical Interventions.

Objective: The aim of the article is to introduce a novel laser-based frameless stereotactic device that can locate intracranial lesions quickly and with computed tomograph (CT)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) films. Preliminary experiences of application in 416 cases are also summarized.

Methods: From August in 2020 to October in 2022, a total of 416 cases of new minimalist laser stereotactic surgery have been performed on 415 patients.

Cerebral infarction caused by coexisting elongated styloid process and carotid web.

Objective: Elongated styloid process (ESP) and carotid web are rare etiologies of ischemic stroke. We report a rare case of ESP concomitant with carotid web as the cause of recurrent stroke.

Case Presentation: A 59-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with recurrent numbness and weakness in the right upper extremity.