Surgical results for one-stage VII/VIII schwannoma resection and hemihypoglossal-facial neurorrhaphy.

Background: This retrospective study evaluated the outcomes of patients undergoing one-stage resection of VII/VIII schwannomas and hemihypoglossal-facial neurorrhaphy via the translabyrinthine approach (TLA).

Methods: The study encompassed ten consecutive patients with unilateral hearing loss (six women, four men, mean age: 49.5 ± 12.

Anatomical predispositions for silent cerebral infarction postcarotid artery stenting: a retrospective cohort.

Background: Silent cerebral infarction (SCI) that manifests following carotid artery stenting (CAS) has been postulated to correlate with cognitive decline, the onset of dementia, and an increased risk of subsequent cerebrovascular events. This investigation aimed to thoroughly examine the potential anatomical predispositions that are linked to the occurrence of SCI post-CAS, and further develop a predictive nomogram that could accurately forecast the risk of SCI post-CAS.

Methods: The present investigation conducted a retrospective examination of datasets from 250 individuals presenting with carotid artery stenosis who had been subjected to CAS within a tertiary healthcare institution from June 2020 to November 2021.

Spinal neurenteric cysts: experience with 9 cases via an anterior cervical approach.

Objective: Intraspinal cysts are uncommon, and the success rate of complete resection is still low for spinal neurenteric cysts (NCs). The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacies of an anterior microscopic surgical approach in the treatment of ventral and ventrolateral subaxial cervical NCs (SCNCs).

Methods: Between 2019 and 2022, 9 patients with NCs of the subaxial spine underwent an anterior microsurgical approach.

In Vivo Classification and Characterization of Carotid Atherosclerotic Lesions with Integrated F-FDG PET/MRI.

Background: The aim of this study was to exploit integrated PET/MRI to simultaneously evaluate the morphological, component, and metabolic features of advanced atherosclerotic plaques and explore their incremental value.

Methods: In this observational prospective cohort study, patients with advanced plaque in the carotid artery underwent F-FDG PET/MRI. Plaque morphological features were measured, and plaque component features were determined via MRI according to AHA lesion-types.

Systemic-inflammatory indices and clinical outcomes in patients with anterior circulation acute ischemic stroke undergoing successful endovascular thrombectomy.

Background: There is a lack of comprehensive profile assessment on complete blood count (CBC)-derived systemic-inflammatory indices, and their correlations with clinical outcome in patients with anterior circulation acute ischemic stroke (AIS) who achieved successful recanalization by endovascular thrombectomy (EVT).

Methods: Patients with anterior circulation AIS caused by large vessel occlusion (AIS-LVO) were retrospectively screened from December 2018 to December 2022. Systemic-inflammatory indices including ratios of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte (MLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte (PLR), and platelet-to-neutrophil (PNR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), and aggregate inflammation systemic index (AISI) on admission and the first day post-EVT were calculated.

Wearable sensor devices can automatically identify the ON-OFF status of patients with Parkinson's disease through an interpretable machine learning model.

Introduction: Accurately and objectively quantifying the clinical features of Parkinson's disease (PD) is crucial for assisting in diagnosis and guiding the formulation of treatment plans. Therefore, based on the data on multi-site motor features, this study aimed to develop an interpretable machine learning (ML) model for classifying the "OFF" and "ON" status of patients with PD, as well as to explore the motor features that are most associated with changes in clinical symptoms.

Methods: We employed a support vector machine with a recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE) algorithm to select promising motion features.

Axl as a potential therapeutic target for adamantinomatous craniopharyngiomas: Based on single nucleus RNA-seq and spatial transcriptome profiling.

Craniopharyngiomas (CPs), particularly Adamantinomatous Craniopharyngiomas (ACPs), often exhibit a heightened risk of postoperative recurrence and severe complications of the endocrine and hypothalamic function. The primary objective of this study is to investigate potential novel targeted therapies within the microenvironment of ACP tumors. Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts (CAFs) were identified in the craniopharyngioma microenvironment, notably in regions characterized by cholesterol clefts, wet keratin, ghost cells, and fibrous stroma in ACPs.

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Ischemic Stroke Risk: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Introduction: Previous studies have reported controversial relationships between circulating vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) and ischemic stroke (IS). This study aims to demonstrate the causal effect between VEGF and IS using Mendelian randomization (MR).

Methods: Summary statistics data from two large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for 16,112 patients with measured VEGF levels and 40,585 patients with IS were downloaded from public databases and included in this study.

Single-cell sequencing reveals VEGFR as a potential target for CAR-T cell therapy in chordoma.

Background: Chordomas are rare osseous neoplasms with a dismal prognosis when they recur. Here we identified cell surface proteins that could potentially serve as novel immunotherapeutic targets in patients with chordoma.

Methods: Fourteen chordoma samples from patients attending Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University were subjected to single-cell RNA sequencing.

A Global Bibliometric and Visualization Analysis of Craniovertebral Junction Bony Abnormalities Based on VOSviewer and Citespace.

Objective: Recent years have witnessed a rapidly growing interest in CVJ bony abnormalities, and a qualitative and quantitative analysis of relevant literatures is necessary. This study aims to identify and summarize the published articles related to craniovertebral junction bony abnormalities, to analyze and visualize the current research trends and major contributors.

Methods: We collected data from Web of Science, excluding certain article types.

ROS-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction in the Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis.

Various signaling pathways are regulated by reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are radical oxygen intermediates under normal physiological conditions. However, when the buffering capacity of antioxidant enzymes is exceeded by the accumulation of ROS, oxidative stress, and endothelial cell dysfunction occur, which have been recognized as key contributors to the development of atherosclerosis. In this review, an overview is provided on mechanisms underlying ROS generation in endothelial cells and the involved regulatory pathways.

Posterior intra-articular distraction technique to treat pediatric atlantoaxial instability.

Purpose: Surgical treatment for atlantoaxial instability in pediatric patients is challenging. We report our experience with posterior intra-articular distraction technique in treating this disorder.

Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive study which included 15 patients of atlantoaxial instability whose age was less than 16 years at the time of clinical presentation.

The Interplay Between Epilepsy and Parkinson's Disease: Gene Expression Profiling and Functional Analysis.

The results of many epidemiological studies suggest a bidirectional causality may exist between epilepsy and Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the underlying molecular landscape linking these two diseases remains largely unknown. This study aimed to explore this possible bidirectional causality by identifying differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in each disease as well as their intersection based on two respective disease-related datasets.

eIF2α-mediated integrated stress response links multiple intracellular signaling pathways to reprogram vascular smooth muscle cell fate in carotid artery plaque.

Background: Carotid arterial atherosclerotic stenosis is a well-recognized pathological basis of ischemic stroke; however, its underlying molecular mechanisms remain unknown. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) play fundamental roles in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. Organelle dynamics have been reported to affect atherosclerosis development.

IL-6 from cerebrospinal fluid causes widespread pain via STAT3-mediated astrocytosis in chronic constriction injury of the infraorbital nerve.

Background: The spinal inflammatory signal often spreads to distant segments, accompanied by widespread pain symptom under neuropathological conditions. Multiple cytokines are released into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), potentially inducing the activation of an inflammatory cascade at remote segments through CSF flow. However, the detailed alteration of CSF in neuropathic pain and its specific role in widespread pain remain obscure.

PCSK9 increases vulnerability of carotid plaque by promoting mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells.

Background: Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) has been recognized as a novel lipid-lowing target. Recent clinical studies suggested the value of inhibiting PCSK9 in decreasing the vulnerability of coronary plaques. However, the evidence of PCSK9-regulated evolution of unstable carotid plaques is unclear, which has limited the use of PCSK9 inhibitor in carotid plaques.

Exoskeleton-Assisted Rehabilitation and Neuroplasticity in Spinal Cord Injury.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in neurological deficits below the level of injury, causing motor dysfunction and various severe multisystem complications. Rehabilitative training plays a crucial role in the recovery of individuals with SCI, and exoskeleton serves as an emerging and promising tool for rehabilitation, especially in promoting neuroplasticity and alleviating SCI-related complications. This article reviews the classifications and research progresses of medical exoskeletons designed for SCI patients and describes their performances in practical application separately.

Role of Preoperative Albumin Quotient in Surgical Planning for Posttraumatic Syringomyelia: A Comparative Cohort Study.

Objective: Surgical procedures for patients with posttraumatic syringomyelia (PTS) remain controversial. Until now, there have been no effective quantitative evaluation methods to assist in selecting appropriate surgical plans before surgery.

Methods: We consecutively enrolled PTS patients (arachnoid lysis group, n = 42; shunting group, n = 14) from 2003 to 2023.