Updated classification with spinal dysraphism and treatment outcomes of arteriovenous shunts below conus: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Arteriovenous shunts below conus medullaris (AVS-BC) are understudied, particularly those associated with spinal dysraphism. This study aimed to refine the classification and management of AVS-BC.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients with AVS-BC from two centers over two decades was performed, focusing on clinical presentations, angioarchitecture, and treatment outcomes.

Comparison of Clinical Efficacy of Epidural Injection With or Without Steroids in the Treatment of Degenerative Disc Disease: Meta-analysis.

Background: Selective nerve root block has been widely used to treat degenerative disc disease (DDD), but no detailed research data is provided to compare the efficacy of epidural injection of anesthetics with or without steroids on the DDD treatment.

Objectives: This study aimed to  provide the first comparison of steroids + local anesthetic (LA) or LA alone for the treatment of DDD.

Study Design: We systematically searched PubMed, Medline, Embase, and Cochrane.

Markerless Rat Behavior Quantification With Cascade Neural Network.

Quantifying rat behavior through video surveillance is crucial for medicine, neuroscience, and other fields. In this paper, we focus on the challenging problem of estimating landmark points, such as the rat's eyes and joints, only with image processing and quantify the motion behavior of the rat. Firstly, we placed the rat on a special running machine and used a high frame rate camera to capture its motion.

Quantitative Reduction of Basilar Invagination With Atlantoaxial Dislocation by a Posterior Approach.

Objective: This study evaluated the feasibility and efficacy of quantitative reduction and fixation to treat basilar invagination (BI) with atlantoaxial dislocation (AAD).

Methods: Posterior occipitocervical angle (POCA), occiput-C2 angle (Oc-C2A), clivusaxial angle (CAA), and C2-7 angle (C2-7A) were considered for quantitative reduction. Twelve patients with BI complicated with AAD received posterior interarticular release and individualized cage implantation to restore vertical dislocation.

Intradural Pathology Causing Cerebrospinal Fluid Obstruction in Syringomyelia and Effectiveness of Foramen Magnum and Foramen of Magendie Dredging Treatment.

Objective: This article discusses the procedure of foramina magnum and Magendie dredging, summarizing the pathologic changes in the intradural region of the craniocervical junction in patients with syringomyelia and the pathophysiologic mechanism of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulation obstruction.

Methods: Clinical data from 50 adult patients with syringomyelia treated at Xuanwu Hospital from July 2018 to January 2019 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. All operations were performed with foramina magnum and Magendie dredging, and all intradural factors that may have induced the obstruction of CSF circulation were recorded.

Rapid progression of acute cervical syringomyelia: A case report of delayed complications following spinal cord injury.

: Post-traumatic syringomyelia treatment usually focuses on restoring normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow. Herein, the first-reported case of delayed post-traumatic syringomyelia associated with an L2 compression fracture 30 years prior to syringomyelia symptoms that rapidly progressed to the brainstem within 5 months, leading to respiratory and circulatory impairments, is summarized. The improvement in symptoms and significant decrease in size of the syringomyelia/syringobulbia achieved in this patient suggest that the initial treatment of choice in such acute cases should be posterior fossa decompression (PFD).

Repeat Craniocervical Decompression in Patients with a Persistent or Worsening Syrinx: A Preliminary Report and Early Results.

Objective: Foramen magnum decompression (FMD) remains the first-line treatment for Chiari malformation type I associated with syringomyelia, although consistent approaches are not used. However, there are few reports on a persistent or recurrent syrinx or worsening neurologic symptoms after FMD.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of patients who attended Xuanwu Hospital between January 2018 and July 2019 with persistent or recurrent syringomyelia after FMD.

Effectiveness of posterior reduction and fixation in atlantoaxial dislocation: a retrospective cohort study of 135 patients with a treatment algorithm proposal.

Purpose: Surgical procedures on atlantoaxial dislocation remain controversial. The aim of this observational retrospective study was to investigate the treatment algorithm of surgical procedures.

Methods: According to CT and intraoperative evaluation during direct posterior reduction, 135 AAD cases were categorized into three groups: Group I: reducible dislocation; Group II: irreducible dislocation (Group IIa: effective decompression achieved after posterior reduction; Group IIb: no effective decompression after posterior reduction); and Group III: fixed dislocation.

Is anterior release and cervical traction necessary for the treatment of irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: To compare the clinical and radiographic outcomes of irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation (IAAD) treated with posterior fusion after anterior release and direct posterior reduction of the dislocation.

Methods: Online databases were searched for articles describing IAAD published from 1999 to 2015. Five studies (105 patients) described treatment with posterior fusion after periodontoid tissue release, and five studies (113 patients) described treatment with direct posterior reduction of the dislocation.

Minimally invasive versus open Transforaminal lumbar Interbody fusion in obese patients: a meta-analysis.

Background: Minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MI-TLIF) has been employed in increasing cases compared with open TLIF (Open-TLIF). However, it is uncertain whether the advantages of MI-TLIF can also be specifically applied in obese patients. Therefore, the current study was thereby carried out aiming to compare the outcomes of MI-TLIF with those of Open-TLIF in obese patients with lumbar degenerative diseases.

Posterior Hemi-/Laminectomy and Facetectomy Approach for the Treatment of Dumbbell-Shaped Schwannomas in the Subaxial Cervical Spine: A Retrospective Study of 26 Cases.

Objective: It is difficult to completely and safely remove a tumor that is located in the subaxial cervical spine by using the posterior approach because of the anatomical characteristics. Previous reports regarding the total removal of subaxial schwannomas using the one-stage posterior approach are still limited. This study was to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of treating the dumbbell-shaped schwannomas in the subaxial cervical spine using the one-stage posterior approach.

C2 dumbbell-shaped peripheral nerve sheath tumors: Surgical management and relationship with venous structures.

Objectives: This study focuses on the adjacent venous structures of tumors and their treatment in patients with second cervical (C2) dumbbell-shaped peripheral nerve sheath tumors (PNSTs).

Patients And Methods: The authors retrospectively analyzed the clinical outcome and the venous structures involved with tumors in 16 patients with C2 dumbbell-shaped PNSTs treated surgically between 2008 and 2015.

Results: The venous structures at the craniocervical junction could be visualized in all 16 patients on contrast-enhanced T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging.

The changes of syrinx volume after posterior reduction and fixation of basilar invagination and atlantoaxial dislocation with syringomyelia.

Purpose: The purpose of this study focuses on the changes of the syrinx volume after posterior reduction and fixation of the basilar invagination (BI) and atlantoaxial dislocation (AAD) with syringomyelia.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical outcome and syrinx volume changes in 71 patients with BI, AAD and syringomyelia treated with the posterior reduction and fixation technique.

Results: Clinical improvement was observed in 64 (90.