Quality, improvement of soluble dietary fiber from by-products by steam explosion and cellulase modification: Structural and functional analysis.

Steam explosion (SE) and cellulase treatment are potentially effective processing methods for by-products, for use in high-value applications. The treatment conditions were optimized by response surface methodology, increasing the soluble dietary fiber (SDF) yield by 1.52 and 1.

sly-miR408b Targets a Plastocyanin-Like Protein to Regulate Mycorrhizal Symbiosis in Tomato.

Symbiosis between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and plants plays a crucial role in nutrient acquisition and stress resistance for terrestrial plants. microRNAs have been reported to participate in the regulation of mycorrhizal symbiosis by controlling the expression of their target genes. Herein, we found that sly-miR408b was significantly downregulated in response to mycorrhizal colonisation.

Physicochemical characteristics and metabolite composition of fish sauce made from large yellow croaker roe enzymatic hydrolysates based on three fermentation temperatures.

Large yellow croaker roes were used to make fish sauce using enzymolysis method, and the impact of different fermentation temperatures (25, 32 and 40 °C) on the physicochemical characteristics and metabolite composition was revealed. Results indicated that compared with 25 and 32 °C, the higher contents of total acidity, amino nitrogen, total soluble nitrogen, and the deepening of the nonenzymatic browning degree of fish sauce fermented at 40 °C were obtained. The total volatile basic nitrogen content at 40 °C was lower than 32 °C.

Improving flavor of Wuyi rock tea processed from rain-soaked leaves by optimizing withering conditions.

Rainy weather restricts the formation of high-quality Wuyi rock tea (WRT). Herein, an optimized withering process for rain-soaked leaves was developed using response surface methodology. Results showed that increasing the withering temperature, relative humidity, and withering time from 25 °C to 40 °C, 80 % to 97 %, and 3 to 6 h, respectively, effectively improved the sensory qualities of the optimized primary WRT (WRTO) prepared from rain-soaked leaves compared with those before optimization.

Genetic Basis and Identification of Candidate Genes for Alkalinity Tolerance Trait in Spotted Sea Bass (Lateolabrax maculatus) by Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS).

Given the challenges of overcrowded coastal aquaculture spaces and insufficient production, utilizing saline-alkaline water areas represents a vital strategy to alleviate these bottlenecks. Spotted sea bass (Lateolabrax maculatus), with its formidable osmoregulatory capabilities, is an ideal candidate to develop a saline-alkaline tolerant strain. In our study, genotypic and phenotypic data from 287 L.

Dimethylacridine Based Emitters for Non-Doped Organic Light-Emitting Diodes with Improved Efficiency.

Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) has been attracting much extensive interest owing to their advantages of high-definition and flexible displays. Many advances have been focused on boosting the efficiency and stability. Two innovative dimethylacridine-based emitters, 1,1,2,2-tetrakis(4- (2,7-di-tert-butyl-9,9-dimethylacridin-10(9H)-yl)phenyl ethene (AcTPE), and bis(4-(2,7-di-tert-butyl-9,9-dimethylacridin-10(9H)-yl)phenyl)methanone (Ac2BP) were designed and synthesized, in which TPE-baesed AcTPE presents AIE properties, and with the phenyl as spacer between the DMAC and carbony, aryl-ketone-based Ac2BP doesn't show AIE properties due to the absence of restriction of intramolecular rotations.

Structural characterization of polysaccharide from an edible fungus Dictyophora indusiata and the remodel function of gut microbiota in inflammatory mice.

Dictyophora indusiata is an edible fungus, which is known as bamboo fungus. D. indusiata polysaccharide is considered as the most important bioactive component.

Excessive copper induces lignin biosynthesis in the leaves and roots of two citrus species: Physiological, metabolomic and anatomical aspects.

Excessive copper (Cu) of rhizosphere inhibited the growth and development of citrus seedlings. Lignin deposition on the cell wall promotes plant Cu tolerance. However, the lignin biosynthesis in citrus leaves and roots that respond to Cu toxicity is not fully understood.

Development and reproduction of Grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) on the 3 artificial diets in the laboratory.

Grapholita molesta (Busck) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is a major pest of many fruit trees. The large-scale artificial propagation technology of the insect is the basis for the field application of the sterile insect technique and biological control products based on host mass reproduction. However, a low-cost diet with easily accessible materials remains lacking.

Increased Mineral-Associated Organic Carbon and Persistent Molecules in Allochthonous Blue Carbon Ecosystems.

Coastal wetlands contain very large carbon (C) stocks-termed as blue C-and their management has emerged as a promising nature-based solution for climate adaptation and mitigation. The interactions among sources, pools, and molecular compositions of soil organic C (SOC) within blue C ecosystems (BCEs) remain elusive. Here, we explore these interactions along an 18,000 km long coastal line of salt marshes, mangroves, and seagrasses in China.

Avirulence depletion assay: Combining R gene-mediated selection with bulk sequencing for rapid avirulence gene identification in wheat powdery mildew.

Wheat production is threatened by multiple fungal pathogens, such as the wheat powdery mildew fungus (Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, Bgt).

Non-adapted bacterial infection suppresses plant reproduction.

Environmental stressors, including pathogens, substantially affect the growth of host plants. However, how non-adapted bacteria influence nonhost plants has not been reported. Here, we reveal that infection of flowers by pv.

Lower Cadmium Bioavailability and Toxicity in Japonica Rice than in Indica Rice: Mechanisms and Health Implications.

Cadmium (Cd) is efficiently transferred from soil to food crops, notably rice. Research indicates that indica rice grains may accumulate more Cd than japonica cultivars; however, differences in Cd bioavailability (the fraction of ingested rice Cd absorbed into the systemic circulation) and toxicity remain unexplored, thus hindering a comprehensive understanding of exposure and health risks. To address this, a mouse bioassay was conducted to evaluate the relative bioavailability (RBA) of Cd in 35 samples each of japonica and indica rice, determining which type exhibits lower Cd bioavailability.

Peripheral B Lymphocyte Serves as a Reservoir for the Persistently Covert Infection of Mandarin Fish Ranavirus.

Mandarin fish ranavirus (MRV) is a distinctive member among the genus of the family . The persistently covert infection of MRV was previously observed in a natural outbreak of MRV, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we show that mandarin fish peripheral B lymphocytes are implemented as viral reservoirs to maintain the persistent infection.

Phylogeography and Evolutionary Dynamics of Tobacco Curly Shoot Virus.

Tobacco curly shoot virus (TbCSV), a begomovirus, causes significant economic losses in tobacco and tomato crops across East, Southeast, and South Asia. Despite its agricultural importance, the evolutionary dynamics and emergence process of TbCSV remain poorly understood. This study analyzed the phylodynamics of TbCSV by examining its nucleotide sequences of the coat protein (CP) gene collected between 2000 and 2022.

4D-DIA-Based Quantitative Proteomic Analysis Reveals the Involvement of TRPV2 Protein in Duck Tembusu Virus Replication.

Duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV), a novel positive-sense RNA virus, has caused significant economic losses in the poultry industry of Eastern and Southeast Asia since its outbreak in 2010. Furthermore, the rapid transmission and potential zoonotic nature of DTMUV pose a threat to public health safety. In this study, a 4D-DIA quantitative proteomics approach was employed to identify differentially expressed cellular proteins in DTMUV-infected DF-1 cells, which are routinely used for virus isolation and identification for DTMUV, as well as the development of vaccines against other poultry viruses.

Optimization of γ-Aminobutyric Acid Production in Brown Rice via Prolonged Seed Priming.

Germinated whole seeds possess elevated levels of bioactive nutrients; however, their application is hindered by several constraints. The germination process is typically time-consuming, and germinated seeds present challenges in terms of storage and transportation compared to dry seeds. This study introduces a novel processing method for rice, termed prolonged priming (PLP), aiming to combine the benefits of germinated and dry seeds.

The Ameliorative Effect of Coumarin on Copper Toxicity in : Insights from Growth, Nutrient Uptake, Oxidative Damage, and Photosynthetic Performance.

Excessive copper (Cu) has become a common physiological disorder restricting the sustainable production of citrus. Coumarin (COU) is a hydroxycinnamic acid that can protect plants from heavy metal toxicity. No data to date are available on the ameliorative effect of COU on plant Cu toxicity.

Insights into the Genomic Background of Nine Common Chinese Medicinal Plants by Flow Cytometry and Genome Survey.

Medicinal plants have long played a crucial role in healthcare systems, but limited genomic information on these species has impeded the integration of modern biological technologies into medicinal plant research. In this study, we selected nine common medicinal plants, each belonging to a different plant family, including (Chloranthaceae), (Vitaceae), (Fabaceae), (Cucurbitaceae), (Polygonaceae), (Caryophyllaceae), (Rubiaceae), (Lamiaceae), and (Asteraceae), to estimate their genome sizes and conduct preliminary genomic surveys. The estimated genome sizes by flow cytometry were 3.

Development of Roselle ( L.) Transcriptome-Based Simple Sequence Repeat Markers and Their Application in Roselle.

Roselle ( L.) simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were developed using RNA sequencing technology, providing a foundation for genetic analysis and the identification of roselle varieties. In this study, 10 785 unigenes containing 12 994 SSR loci with an average of one SSR locus per 6.

Pollen Morphological Characteristics of 46 Germplasm Resources of and Its Taxonomic Implications.

To elucidate the morphological diversity and genetic characteristics of the pollen of species, this study utilized a total of 46 samples encompassing six species and one variety of . Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to examine the morphological traits of the pollen and to analyze the evolutionary patterns and genetic relationships among species. The results indicate that the pollen grains of the 46 germplasm are uniformly characterized as monads, heteropolar, bilaterally symmetrical, atreme, and possess a mono-sulcus.

Preparation and Efficacy Evaluation of Antihyperuricemic Peptides from Marine Sources.

Marine-derived foods, often called blue foods, are promising sustainable alternatives to conventional food sources owing to their abundant amino acids and high protein content. Current treatments for hyperuricemia, a chronic condition attributed to purine metabolism disorders, are associated with various side effects. Novel peptide xanthine oxidase inhibitors have been discovered in the hydrolyzed products of marine fish and invertebrate proteins, which have demonstrated promising therapeutic potential by reducing uric acid levels in vitro and in vivo.

Development of a TaqMan qPCR for the Simultaneous Detection of the TuMV and BBWV2 Viruses Responsible for the Viral Disease in .

(Miq.) Pax, a highly valued Chinese medicinal plant, is experiencing a notable decline in yield and quality due to viral diseases, particularly caused those by TuMV and BBWV2. Currently, the absence of a quantitative detection method for these viruses in impedes the accurate diagnosis.

Polyphenol Profile and Antioxidant, Antityrosinase, and Anti-Melanogenesis Activities of Ethanol Extract of Bee Pollen.

Bee pollen, a rich nutritional food, was employed to develop a raw material for skin whitening. The polyphenol profile and antioxidant, antityrosinase, and anti-melanogenesis activities of the ethanol extracts of five species of bee pollens (EEBPs) were determined. The results showed that there were a total of 121 phenolic compounds in these EEBPs.