Hypoglycemic effect of camel milk powder in type 2 diabetic patients: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Fresh camel milk was widely accepted to help to prevent and control of diabetes, especially in Africa, Middle East, and cooler dry areas of Asia. In this study, type 2 diabetic patients were enrolled to supplement with 10 g of camel milk powder twice a day for 4 weeks ( = 14), cow milk powder served as the placebo ( = 13). It was found that camel milk supplement decreased fasting blood glucose, 2-hr postprandial blood glucose, serum content of total cholesterol, resistin, and lipocalin-2.

Two new species of Enderlein, 1905 (Neuroptera, Coniopterygidae) from China, with an identification key to Chinese species.

Two new species of Coniopterygidae, and , are described from China. Both species differ from congeners in characters of the male genitalia. (Roepke, 1916), is recorded from China for the first time.

Evaluation of volatile metabolites as potential markers to predict naturally-aged seed vigour by coupling rapid analytical profiling techniques with chemometrics.

Rapid volatile detection methods for seed vigour rely heavily on artificial ageing (AA), however the comparability of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to natural ageing (NA) and practicability of the detection models were not well known. In this study, VOCs between AA and NA sweet corn seeds were compared and Partial Least Squares Regression (PLS-R) modelswere constructed based on AA to predict the seed vigour of NA. A total of 33 VOCs were identified, among which aldehydes showed the highest consistency between NA and AA.

A density estimation model of plateau pika () supporting camera-monitoring programs.

As an important species in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the roles played by plateau pikas in grassland degradation and protection are controversial. The behavior characteristics and population density of this species are important in answering this question, but these traits have not been fully elucidated to date. Camera-capture methods have been used widely in recent years to characterize or calculate population density with the advantage of simple operation and nonintrusive investigation.

Increase in leaf organic acids to enhance adaptability of dominant plant species in karst habitats.

Estimation of leaf nutrient composition of dominant plant species from contrasting habitats (i.e., karst and nonkarst forests) provides an opportunity to understand how plants are adapted to karst habitats from the perspective of leaf traits.

A new species of Dactylolabis subgenus Dactylolabis Osten Sacken, 1860 from China (Diptera, Limoniidae).

Only two species of Dactylolabis subgenus Dactylolabis Osten Sacken, 1860 were previously known from China. Here, a new species, Dactylolabis (Dactylolabis) wudangensis, is reported from China. Dactylolabis (D.

How trade affects pandemics? Evidence from severe acute respiratory syndromes in 2003.

This paper investigates whether the rapid expansion of international trade after China's WTO entry in 2001 promotes the spread of severe acute respiratory syndromes (SARS) in 2003. Examining the relationship is helpful to distinguish the hidden costs of trade openness. This paper uses Frankel and Romer (1999, , 89, 379) framework to construct the geography-based instruments by applying province-country gravity relation for causal identification.

Stepwise accumulation of mutations in CesA3 in results in increasing resistance to CAA fungicides.

Flumorph is a carboxylic acid amide (CAA) fungicide with high activity against oomycetes. However, evolution to CAAs from low resistance to high resistance has never been reported. This study investigated the basis of resistance evolution of flumorph in .

Global phylogeography and invasion history of the spotted lanternfly revealed by mitochondrial phylogenomics.

Biological invasion has been a serious global threat due to increasing international trade and population movements. Tracking the source and route of invasive species and evaluating the genetic differences in their native regions have great significance for the effective monitoring and management, and further resolving the invasive mechanism. The spotted lanternfly is native to China and invaded South Korea, Japan, and the United States during the last decade, causing severe damages to the fruits and timber industries.

Revision of the Enderlein, 1905 (Neuroptera, Coniopterygidae) of China, combining morphological and molecular characters.

The Chinese species of Enderlein are revised by integrating morphological characters and molecular data. Liu & Yang, 1993 is proposed as a junior synonym of Monserrat, 1982, and Yang, 1974 is proposed as a junior synonym of Enderlein, 1905, Moreover, a key to the adult males of the from China and DNA barcodes are provided.

Optimizing wheat production and reducing environmental impacts through scientist-farmer engagement: Lessons from the North China Plain.

Producing high economic benefits and high grain yields with limited environmental impacts is crucial for feeding the world's growing population. Yet it remains challenging to improve the performance of one objective without creating unintended consequences for other objectives. This is especially difficult for smallholders navigating a diverse array of environmental and personal demands.

Physical properties of a sandy soil as affected by incubation with a synthetic root exudate: Strength, thermal and hydraulic conductivity, and evaporation.

Unlabelled: Plant roots release various organic materials that may modify soil structure and affect heat and mass transfer processes. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of a synthetic root exudate (SRE) on penetrometer resistance (PR), thermal conductivity (λ), hydraulic conductivity () and evaporation of water in a sandy soil. Soil samples, mixed with either distilled water or the SRE, were packed into columns at a designated bulk density and water content, and incubated for 7 days at 18°C.

Comparative transcriptomics of ice-crawlers demonstrates cold specialization constrains niche evolution in a relict lineage.

Key changes in ecological niche space are often critical to understanding how lineages diversify during adaptive radiations. However, the converse, or understanding why some lineages are depauperate and relictual, is more challenging, as many factors may constrain niche evolution. In the case of the insect order Grylloblattodea, highly conserved thermal breadth is assumed to be closely tied to their relictual status, but has not been formerly tested.

Two new species of Curtis from China (Neuroptera, Coniopterygidae).

Two new species of Coniopterygidae, Coniopteryx (Coniopteryx) tenuisetosa, and Coniopteryx (Coniopteryx) serrata, are described from China. Both species differ from congeners in characters of the male genitalia. Coniopteryx (Coniopteryx) alticola Sziráki, 2002, is recorded from China for the first time.

Hypolipidemic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-atherosclerotic effects of tea before and after microbial fermentation.

Background: Microbial fermentation significantly affects the flavor and efficacy of tea. It is generally believed that fermented tea is more effective in lowering lipids, while unfermented tea can more effectively inhibit inflammation. However, there is not sufficient evidence to support this claim.

, a new species of Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) from Bolivia.

Stål, 1859 is the second largest genus of Triatominae after Laporte, 1832, and includes several important Chagas vectors. Genitalia in Reduviidae are frequently used for species identification, but the current use of terminology for it is inconsistent in Triatominae. Here, , is described from Bolivia and considered as belonging to the group based on its morphological characters and distribution.

New and little-known species of Linnaeus (Diptera, Tipulidae) from Laos, with a new synonym.

Only seven species of the genus Linnaeus were previously known to occur in Laos. Here one new species is added to the fauna of Laos, Tipula (Nippotipula) champasakensis (unplaced) Alexander, 1936 is designated as a synonym of (unplaced) Walker, 1848, A key to species of the genus from Laos is presented.

The application of "plug-in molecules" method in novel strobilurin fungicides screening.

Based on the "plug-in molecular" method, a series of novel strobilurin derivatives with aryloxypyridinyl-1-ethanone oxime side chains were designed, synthesized, and screened. The biological activity experiment showed that they had an excellent fungicidal effect on plant pathogens, especially . Compounds 5-01 and 5-09 had significant fungicidal activity and broad fungicidal spectrum.

Meigen (Diptera, Tipulidae) from Xizang Autonomous Region, China.

Eight species of the genus were previously known to occur in Xizang Autonomous Region. Here, three species are added to the fauna of Xizang. Among them two species, and are described and illustrated as new to science, and one species, Alexander, 1935 is recorded from Xizang for the first time.

Two new species of Meigen, 1803 from Northwest China (Diptera, Limoniidae).

Two new species of Meigen, 1803, and are described and illustrated from Northwest China. The following five species are re-described and reported from China for the first time: (Schummel, 1829), (Schrank, 1781), (Meigen, 1818), (Schummel, 1829) and (Strobl, 1895). A key to adult males of from Northwest China is presented.

Effects of ozone treatment on the antioxidant capacity of postharvest strawberry.

Strawberries are highly popular around the world because of their juicy flesh and unique taste. However, they are delicate and extremely susceptible to peroxidation of their membrane lipids during storage, which induces water loss and rotting of the fruit. This study investigated the effects of ozone treatment on the physiological traits, active oxygen metabolism, and the antioxidant properties of postharvest strawberry.

Variable resistance to spinetoram in populations of across a small area unconnected to genetic similarity.

The melon thrips, , is an increasingly important pest of vegetables in northern China. Some populations have developed resistance in the field to the insecticide spinetoram. Understanding the origin and dispersal of insecticide-resistant populations can shed light on resistance management strategies.

Sublethal Levels of Antibiotics Promote Bacterial Persistence in Epithelial Cells.

Antibiotic therapy and host cells frequently fail to eliminate invasive bacterial pathogens due to the emergence of antibiotic resistance, resulting in the relapse and recurrence of infections. Bacteria evolve various strategies to persist and survive in epithelial cells, a front-line barrier of host tissues counteracting invasion; however, it remains unclear how bacteria hijack cellular responses to promote cytoplasmic survival under antibiotic therapy. Here, it is demonstrated that extracellular bacteria show invasive behavior and survive in epithelial cells in both in vivo and in vitro models, to increase antibiotic tolerance.

A quantitative survey of consumer perceptions of smart food packaging in China.

This study quantified the acceptability of smart food packaging technologies and determined their associations with sociodemographic, attitudinal, and behavioral characteristics of consumers in China. Two quantitative surveys were conducted using an intercept method in Beijing with one for intelligent food packaging and the other for active food packaging. Chi-square tests of independence and contingency tables were used to determine the acceptability of smart food packaging and significant associations with multiple variables.