Early functional and structural hippocampal impairment in a bilateral common carotid artery stenosis mouse model.

Background: Subcortical ischemic vascular dementia (SIVD) is a common subtype of vascular dementia. Currently, the bilateral common carotid artery stenosis (BCAS) mouse model is the most suitable SIVD rodent model. In this study, we investigated the functional and structural impairments in the hippocampus 1 month after BCAS.

Targeting p21-Positive Senescent Chondrocytes via IL-6R/JAK2 Inhibition to Alleviate Osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is an age-related degenerative joint disease, prominently influenced by the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6). Although elevated IL-6 levels in joint fluid are well-documented, the uneven cartilage degeneration observed in knee OA patients suggests additional underlying mechanisms. This study investigates the role of interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) in mediating IL-6 signaling and its contribution to OA progression.

Metrnl and Cardiomyopathies: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic Insights.

Cardiomyopathies, a diverse group of diseases affecting the heart muscle, continue to pose significant clinical challenges due to their complex aetiologies and limited treatment options targeting underlying genetic and molecular dysregulations. Emerging evidence indicates that Metrnl, a myokine, adipokine and cardiokine, plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of various cardiomyopathies. Therefore, the objective of this review is to examine the role and mechanism of Metrnl in various cardiomyopathies, with the expectation of providing new insights for the treatment of these diseases.

ACSL1 Aggravates Thromboinflammation by LPC/LPA Metabolic Axis in Hyperlipidemia Associated Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is associated with well-established metabolic risk factors, especially hyperlipidemia and obesity. Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (mIRI) significantly offsets the therapeutic efficacy of revascularization. Previous studies indicated that disrupted lipid homeostasis can lead to lipid peroxidation damage and inflammation, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Transplantation of the MSLN-deficient Thymus Generates MSLN Epitope Reactive T Cells to Attenuate Tumor Progression.

The development of mesothelin (MSLN) epitope reactive T cells is observed in mice that are immunized with the MSLN vaccine. Engineered T cells expressing MSLN-reactive high-affinity TCR exhibit extraordinary therapeutic effects for invasive pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma in a mouse model. However, the generation of MSLN-reactive T cells through the introduction of MSLN-deficient thymus and the transplantation of the latter as a cure for cancer treatment have not been tested to date.

High-Coordination and Nb-Bridging of Bimetallic Amorphous P-Nb-W-P Clusters in Carbon Nanospheres for High-Performance Sodium-Ion Hybrid Capacitors.

Amorphous clusters are gaining prominence as prospective hosts for sodium-ion hybrid capacitors (SIHCs), but their efficacy is still affected by atomic coordination. Optimization of ion storage and charge transport can be achieved through high coordination and bimetallic configurations. Herein, high-coordination amorphous P-Nb-W-P (Nb/W-P) clusters are skillfully tailored by bridging Nb into the second shell of W in the W-P configuration, nested in situ in conductive and stable N, P co-doped carbon nanospheres (Nb/W-P@NPC).

Chain Mediating Effect of Social Support and Trust in Physician on Stroke Caregivers' Decision Self-Efficacy and Decision Conflict.

To explore the chain mediating role of social support and trust in between decision self-efficacy and decision conflict of stroke caregivers. Convenient sampling was used to select stroke caregivers who were admitted to the department of neurology, neurosurgery and rehabilitation in a four-3A hospital in Henan Province from September 2023 to April 2024. General information questionnaire, Decisional Self-efficacy Scale, Social Support Scale, Wake Forest Physician Trust Scale and Decisional Conflict Scale were adopted.

Function of N-acetyltransferase in the biotransformation of aniline in green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.

Phytoplankton plays a crucial role in the fate of pollutants in aquatic ecosystems by biotransformation and bioaccumulation. Aniline was listed in priority pollutants due to its toxicity and widespread distribution in the aquatic environment. This study focused on investigating the capacity and mechanism of eukaryotic alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in transforming aniline.

Enhanced K-storage kinetics for N-doped carbon via controllable dedoping strategy.

As a potential alternative to next-generation LIBs, carbonous materials have garnered significant attention as anode materials for potassium-ion batteries due to their low cost and environmental friendliness. However, carbonaceous materials cannot fulfill the demand of anode for PIBs, due to volume expansion and poor stability during charging/discharging process. It is well-known that N doping can provide active sites for K-storage, and expand the layer distance between graphite layers.

BMAL1 improves assisted reproductive technology outcomes in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome by targeting BMP6 and regulating ovarian granulosa cell apoptosis.

Purpose: To investigate BMAL1 and BMP6 expressive differences in ovarian granulosa cells (OGCs) of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), explore regulatory relationship, assess their impacts on OGC proliferation and apoptosis, and analyze their correlations with ART outcomes of patients.

Methods: A clinical study selected 40 PCOS patients who underwent IVF/ICSI in our hospital from January to October 2022 and 39 controls with male or tubal factor infertility. RT-qPCR and Western blot assessed BMAL1 and BMP6 mRNA/protein levels.

Metagenomic and Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Crosstalk Between Intratumor Mycobiome and Hosts in Early-Stage Nonsmoking Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients.

Background: The mycobiome in the tumor microenvironment of non-smokers with early-stage lung adenocarcinoma (ES-LUAD) has been minimally investigated.

Methods: In this study, we conducted ultra-deep metagenomic and transcriptomic sequencing on 128 samples collected from 46 nonsmoking ES-LUAD patients and 41 healthy controls (HC), aiming to characterize the tumor-resident mycobiome and its interactions with the host.

Results: The results revealed that ES-LUAD patients exhibited fungal dysbiosis characterized by reduced species diversity and significant imbalances in specific fungal abundances.

Assessment of textbook oncologic outcome after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and interval debulking surgery for advanced ovarian cancer.

Aim: To examine the prognostic impact of textbook oncologic outcome (TOO) in patients with advanced ovarian cancer undergoing primary chemotherapy, along with identifying the risk factors for TOO failure.

Methods: Patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval debulking surgery for advanced ovarian cancer at a tertiary center between 2014 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. TOO was defined as complete cytoreduction, no severe complications, no prolonged hospital stay, no readmission, no delayed initiation of adjuvant chemotherapy, and no 90-day mortality.

Efficacy and safety of JMT103 in patients with bone metastases from solid tumors: A randomized Phase Ib clinical trial.

This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of three dosing regimens of JMT103 in patients with bone metastases from solid tumors. Eligible patients were randomly assigned to receive JMT103 subcutaneously, 120 mg every 4 weeks (Cohort 1), 120 mg every 8 weeks (Cohort 2), or 180 mg every 8 weeks (Cohort 3) for up to 49 weeks. The primary endpoint was change from baseline to Week 13 in creatinine-adjusted urinary N-telopeptide (uNTx/Cr).

Acid sphingomyelinase downregulation alleviates diabetic myocardial fibrosis in mice.

Increased activity of acid sphingomyelinase (ASMase) has been linked to diabetes and organ fibrosis. Nevertheless, the precise influence of ASMase on diabetic myocardial fibrosis and the corresponding molecular mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, we aim to elucidate whether ASMase contributes to diabetic myocardial fibrosis through the phosphorylation mediated by MAPK, thereby culminating in the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM).

METTL3: a multifunctional regulator in diseases.

N6-methyladenosine (mA) methylation is the most prevalent and abundant internal modification of mRNAs and is catalyzed by the methyltransferase complex. Methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3), the best-known mA methyltransferase, has been confirmed to function as a multifunctional regulator in the reversible epitranscriptome modulation of mA modification according to follow-up studies. Accumulating evidence in recent years has shown that METTL3 can regulate a variety of functional genes, that aberrant expression of METTL3 is usually associated with many pathological conditions, and that its expression regulatory mechanism is related mainly to its methyltransferase activity or mRNA posttranslational modification.

Optimizing Post-activation Performance Enhancement in Athletic Tasks: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis for Prescription Variables and Research Methods.

Background: Post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) has demonstrated efficacy in acutely improving athletic performance. However, its distinction from general warm-up (GW) effects remains ambiguous, and experimental designs adopted in most PAPE studies exhibit important limitations.

Objectives: The aims of this work are to (i) examine the effects of research methodology on PAPE outcomes, (ii) explore PAPE outcomes in relation to comparison methods, performance measures, GW comprehensiveness, recovery duration, participants' characteristics, conditioning activity (CA) parameters, and (iii) make recommendations for future PAPE experimental designs on the basis of the results of the meta-analysis.

Comparative Analysis of the Efficacy of Four Different Surgical Modalities in the Treatment of Cesarean Scar Pregnancy: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.

Introduction: This study explored the effects of four different surgical methods in the treatment of cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP).

Methods: In this multicenter retrospective analysis of 359 patients, the surgical indices, the time taken for the serum human chorionic gonadotropin level to return to normal, the recovery time of menstruation, and the incidence of postoperative adverse reactions were comparatively analyzed. The clinical efficacies of various preoperative treatment methods to block the blood supply to CSP tissues and those of four different surgical methods to treat CSP, namely, curettage, hysteroscopic surgery, laparoscopic surgery, and vaginal surgery, were evaluated in this study.

Comprehensive evaluation of the ramification patterns of hepatic vascular anatomy based on three-dimensional visualization technology.

The liver segmentation method proposed by Couinaud is widely accepted by surgeons because of its convenience and practicality. However, this conventional eight-segment classification does not reflect realistic details of the liver and thus requires further adjustments to promote improvements in surgical strategies. This study aimed to explore the ramification patterns of the hepatic vasculature comprehensively.

Neuroprotective Effects, Mechanisms of Action and Therapeutic Potential of the Kv7/KCNQ Channel Opener QO-83 in Ischemic Stroke.

Ischemic stroke is a worldwide disease with high mortality and morbidity. Kv7/KCNQ channels are key modulators of neuronal excitability and microglia function, and activation of Kv7/KCNQ channels has emerged as a potential therapeutic avenue for ischemic stroke. In the present study, we focused on a new Kv7/KCNQ channel opener QO-83 on the stroke outcomes and its therapeutic potential.

Synthesis and antifungal activity of arecoline derivatives containing amino acid fragments.

A series of new arecoline derivatives containing amino acid fragments were synthesized, and their fungicidal activities were investigated. All synthesized compounds were characterized by H NMR, CNMR, and HRMS. Preliminary bioactivity assays demonstrated that Compounds 3k, 3n, 3p, 3q, 3r, and 3s exhibited significant antifungal activity against Botryosphaeria cactivora, Botryosphaeria dothidea, and Fusarium pseudograminearum at a concentration of 100 μg/mL.

An Insect Effector Mimics Its Host Immune Regulator to Undermine Plant Immunity.

Plants activate defense machinery when infested by herbivorous insects but avoid such costs in the absence of herbivory. However, the key signaling pathway regulators underlying such flexibility and the mechanisms that insects exploit these components to disarm plant defense systems remain elusive. Here, it is reported that immune repressor 14-3-3e in rice Oryza sativa (OsGF14e) regulates immune homeostasis.

2D/3D heterojunction engineering for hole transport layer-free carbon-based perovskite solar cells.

Hole transport layer (HTL)-free carbon-based perovskite solar cells (C-PSCs) own outstanding potential for commercial applications due to their attractive advantages of low cost and superior stability. However, the abundant defects and mismatched energy levels at the interface of the perovskite/carbon electrode severely limit the device efficiency and stability. Constructing a 2D layer on the surface of 3D perovskite films to form 2D/3D heterojunctions has been demonstrated to be an effective method of passivating surface defects and optimizing the energy level alignment in almost all kinds of PSCs.