ML-based tooth shade assessment to prevent metamerism in different clinic lights.

The aesthetic understanding has found its place in dental clinics and prosthetic dental treatment. Determining the appropriate prosthetic tooth color between the clinician, patient and technician is a difficult process due to metamerism. Metamerism, known as the different perception of the color of an object under different light sources, is caused by the lighting differences between the laboratory and the dental clinic.

Management of Systemic Anti-psoriatic Drugs in Psoriasis Patients with Concurrent Paraplegia or Tetraplegia: Insights From a 6-Year Multicenter, Retrospective Observational Study.

Introduction: Patients with psoriasis (PsO) and permanent spinal cord injuries (SCI) resulting in paraplegia and tetraplegia may experience a higher rate of infections compared to patients with PsO without SCI. It can result in further challenges for therapeutic management with immunosuppressants (biological and non-biological treatments). Thus,  we aimed to evaluate the rate of infections in patients with PsO and SCI treated with systemic immunosuppressants.

Recent advances in engineering non-native microorganisms for poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) production.

Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) is a biodegradable polymer that belongs to a group of polymers called polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). PHB can be synthesized from renewable resources, making it a promising alternative to petroleum-derived plastics. It is also considered non-toxic, biodegradable, and biocompatible, which makes it suitable for various applications in the medicine and biomedicine.

Suppressive effect of vitamin K (menatetrenone) against bone mineral density loss after radiotherapy in uterine cancer patients.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate whether vitamin K (menatetrenone) suppresses bone mineral density (BMD) loss in the irradiated region after radiotherapy (RT) in uterine cancer patients.

Materials And Methods: Our study included 34 patients who underwent whole pelvic irradiation for uterine cancer between 2001 and 2010. The patients were categorized in two groups: (1) Vitamin K (45 mg/day) administration group (group A) with 18 cases and (2) non-administered group (group B) with 16 cases.

Abdominal hemorrhage and vascular fragility associated with neurofibromatosis type 1.

We report a case of recurrent abdominal bleeding associated with vascular fragility in a 67-year-old woman with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1). Computed tomography (CT) scan revealed hemorrhagic ascites and a pseudoaneurysm of the sigmoid colon artery, which was suspected to be the source of bleeding. Emergency laparotomy confirmed extremely fragile vessels, requiring repeated surgeries for recurrent bleeding.

Usefulness of four-dimensional noise reduction filtering using a similarity algorithm in low-dose dynamic computed tomography for the evaluation of breast cancer: a preliminary study.

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of four-dimensional noise reduction filtering using a similarity algorithm (4D-SF) on the image quality and tumor visibility of low-dose dynamic computed tomography (CT) in evaluating breast cancer.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-four patients with 38 lesions who underwent low-dose dynamic breast CT and were pathologically diagnosed with breast cancer were enrolled. Dynamic CT images were reconstructed using iterative reconstruction alone or in combination with 4D-SF.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of rationally designed pyrazoles as insecticidal agents.

The current research focused on the synthesis of two series of pyrazole derivatives and evaluation of their insecticidal effectiveness. In the first series, seven pyrazole Schiff bases 3a-g were successfully synthesized with yields (79-95%) by condensing phenylfuran-2-carbaldehyde with substituted pyrazole rings. In the second series, eleven amino acid-pyrazole conjugates 6a-k were synthesized utilizing acetic acid, sulfuric acid, morpholine, and EDC.

Heterogeneity analysis and prognostic model construction of HPV negative oral squamous cell carcinoma T cells using ScRNA-seq and bulk-RNA analysis.

Background: T cells are involved in every stage of tumor development and significantly influence the tumor microenvironment (TME). Our objective was to assess T-cell marker gene expression profiles, develop a predictive risk model for human papilloma virus (HPV)-negative oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) utilizing these genes, and examine the correlation between the risk score and the immunotherapy response.

Methods: We acquired scRNA-seq data for HPV-negative OSCC from the GEO datasets.

Stromal PDGFR-beta expression is a prognostic factor in high-grade serous ovarian cancer patients but is it also predictive for response to antiangiogenic treatment?

Objective: In advanced ovarian cancer, the majority of patients receive anti-angiogenic treatment with bevacizumab. However, its use is often associated with severe side effects, and not all patients benefit from the therapy. Currently, there are no reliable biomarkers to predict response to treatment.

Successful use of avacopan in a case of ANCA-associated vasculitis with treatment-resistant medium-sized vessel involvement.

We report the case of a 75-year-old woman who presented with fever, right back pain, paresthesia in the right extremities, erythema, purpura, and nodules. She had previously initiated dialysis due to rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis and was transferred to our hospital. Imaging studies revealed multiple cerebral and splenic infarcts and hemorrhage encapsulating the right kidney, likely due to microaneurysms in multiple renal arteries.

CT angiography of acute aortic syndrome in patients with chronic kidney disease.

The term acute aortic syndrome (AAS) refers to a range of different entities, including dissection, intramural haematoma and penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer. Patients with chronic renal disease and particularly those with dominant polycystic kidney disease are susceptible to this pathology, given the underlying renal arteriopathy and hypertension. Imaging plays a crucial role in diagnosing, grading and guiding management of these patients, with computed tomography angiography (CTA) being on the frontline.

Post-Traumatic Stress Across Color Lines: A History of Anti-Black Exclusion & PTSD.

Black Americans with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder have less access to mental healthcare compared to White Americans. Many factors contribute to this inequity, including broader disparities within the healthcare system driven by systemic racism, and an underutilization of mental health services by Black Americans due to provider bias and stigma around mental health care. These disparities are rooted in a racist historical context of exclusion and abuse of the Black community by the White psychiatric establishment, and a perpetration of further trauma on Black clients, a context that is largely missing from traditional mental health education and literature on Black mental health today.

Pharmacokinetics of Nivolumab and Erythropoietin in a Rat Model of Diet-Induced Obesity.

Purpose: To investigate how obesity affects the pharmacokinetics of biologics in a rat model.

Method: Male Long-Evans rats were fed a high-fat diet from the age of 3 weeks and development of obesity was monitored by measuring body size and composition (fat and lean mass). The animals received nivolumab (1 and 8 mg/kg) or recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO, 1000 IU/kg) by intravenous or subcutaneous injection.

Probing the properties of PTEN specific botulinum toxin type E mutants.

Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNT) are established biopharmaceuticals for neuromuscular and secretory conditions based on their ability to block neurotransmitter release from neurons by proteolyzing specific soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) proteins. Recently, a mutant catalytic domain of serotype E (LC/E) exhibiting 16 mutations was reported to cleave the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN). This molecule represents an attractive new target in neurons as several reports support PTEN knockdown as a strategy to stimulate axonal regeneration after injury.

Compound heterozygous TMEM67 biallelic variants including a novel frameshift mutation in two Filipino adolescent siblings with Joubert syndrome.

Joubert Syndrome (JS) is a congenital cerebellar ataxia typically inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, although rare X-linked inheritance can occur. It is characterized by hypotonia evolving into ataxia, global developmental delay, oculomotor apraxia, breathing dysregulation, and multiorgan involvement. To date, there are 40 causative genes implicated in JS, all of which encode proteins of the primary cilium.

Lithium compromises the bioenergetic reserve of cardiomyoblasts mitochondria.

Lithium is used in the long-term treatment of bipolar disorder, exhibiting a beneficial effect on the neuronal cells. The concentration of lithium in the blood serum can vary and can easily approach a level that is related to cardiotoxic adverse effects. This is due to its narrow therapeutic index.

Persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) leaves accelerates skin tissue regeneration in excisional wound model: possible molecular mechanisms.

Persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) leaves are a traditional medicinal herb used for treating many infectious and inflammatory-related conditions, including wound healing. To validate its traditional use, our study evaluates the acute toxicity and wound-healing effects of methanolic extracts of Persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.

Rapid human oogonia-like cell specification via transcription factor-directed differentiation.

The generation of germline cells from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) represents a milestone toward in vitro gametogenesis. Methods to recapitulate germline development beyond primordial germ cells in vitro have relied on long-term cell culture, such as 3-dimensional organoid co-culture for ~four months. Using a pipeline with highly parallelized screening, this study identifies combinations of TFs that directly and rapidly convert hiPSCs to induced oogonia-like cells (iOLCs).

Natural variations of adolescent neurogenesis and anxiety predict the hierarchical status of adult inbred mice.

Hierarchy provides a survival advantage to social animals in challenging circumstances. In mice, social dominance is associated with trait anxiety which is regulated by adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Here, we test whether adolescent hippocampal neurogenesis may regulate social dominance behavior in adulthood.

Deep Convolutional Neural Networks on Multiclass Classification of Three-Dimensional Brain Images for Parkinson's Disease Stage Prediction.

Parkinson's disease (PD), a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system, is commonly diagnosed using functional medical imaging techniques such as single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). In this study, we utilized two SPECT data sets (n = 634 and n = 202) from different hospitals to develop a model capable of accurately predicting PD stages, a multiclass classification task. We used the entire three-dimensional (3D) brain images as input and experimented with various model architectures.

Wound Segmentation with U-Net Using a Dual Attention Mechanism and Transfer Learning.

Accurate wound segmentation is crucial for the precise diagnosis and treatment of various skin conditions through image analysis. In this paper, we introduce a novel dual attention U-Net model designed for precise wound segmentation. Our proposed architecture integrates two widely used deep learning models, VGG16 and U-Net, incorporating dual attention mechanisms to focus on relevant regions within the wound area.

Unlocking the Power of 3D Convolutional Neural Networks for COVID-19 Detection: A Comprehensive Review.

The advent of three-dimensional convolutional neural networks (3D CNNs) has revolutionized the detection and analysis of COVID-19 cases. As imaging technologies have advanced, 3D CNNs have emerged as a powerful tool for segmenting and classifying COVID-19 in medical images. These networks have demonstrated both high accuracy and rapid detection capabilities, making them crucial for effective COVID-19 diagnostics.

Subarachnoid hemorrhage and finger-like projection predict recurrence in patients with lobar intracerebral hemorrhage.

Background And Purpose: Lobar intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is associated with a high risk of recurrence, particularly in elderly patients, where cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is often the primary cause. Diagnostic markers of CAA-related ICH, including subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and finger-like projection (FLP), have recently been developed. Here, we aimed to explore the associations between SAH, FLP and the risk of ICH recurrence in lobar ICH patients.

Mental health and help-seeking behaviors among Mozambican youth: insights from a post-pandemic National Survey Amidst Internal Conflict.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and sociodemographic determinants of major depressive disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) among Mozambican youth aged 15-24 years, as well as their help-seeking behaviors.

Methods: Data from 8,154 youth participants in the 2022-23 Mozambique Demographic Health Survey were analyzed. MDD and GAD were assessed using the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scales, respectively.