Single-cell profiling reveals the intratumor heterogeneity and immunosuppressive microenvironment in cervical adenocarcinoma.

Background: Cervical adenocarcinoma (ADC) is more aggressive compared to other types of cervical cancer (CC), such as squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and tumor heterogeneity are recognized as pivotal factors in cancer progression and therapy. However, the disparities in TIME and heterogeneity between ADC and SCC are poorly understood.

Neonatal lupus erythematosus: an acquired autoimmune disease to be taken seriously.

Aim: This review aims to summarize the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, management, prognosis and regression of Neonatal lupus erythematosus (NLE) with a view to providing directions for standardized diagnosis, treatment and further research.

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive literature review of NLE. NLE-related peer-reviewed papers were searched through PubMed/Medline were searched up to November 2024.

Electrochromic Pressure-Sensitive Device for In Situ and Instantaneous Pressure Visualization.

High sensitivity and spatial recognition of pressure sensors are important for application of the sensors in electronic skins, and in situ visualization is a practical and effective approach to identifying pressure information. Here, we present a facial strategy to achieve in situ pressure information recognition that is visible to the naked eye in coloring form by designing an HPO/PVA film with hemispheric microstructures in an integrated electrochromic pressure sensor. The device can be applied for different stress scenarios within the range of 0-250 kPa by adjusting the spacing of hemispheric microstructures and can identify the magnitude, position, shape, and duration of the pressure.

Advancing Tumor Microenvironment Analysis: A Fluorescence Nanosystem for Caspase-1 Monitoring and Synergistic Therapy.

The lack of precise, real-time analytical tools for monitoring tumor microenvironment changes during treatment hinders advancements in integrated diagnostic and therapeutic platforms. Traditional caspase-3 monitoring strategies are limited by their inability to address drug resistance and newly discovered apoptotic pathways, leading to reduced accuracy and practicality. To overcome these limitations, we developed a fluorescence-based "Trojan horse" nanosystem, PFpR@CM, featuring high-sensitivity Caspase-1 detection, tumor-targeted delivery, and photothermal therapy.

Arid4a Suppresses Breast Tumor Metastasis by Enhancing MTSS1 Expression via mRNA Stability.

Background: Tumor metastasis is one of the main causes of death in cancer patients; however, the mechanism controlling metastasis is unclear. The posttranscriptional regulation of metastasis-related genes mediated by AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 4A (Arid4a), an RNA-binding protein (RBP), has not been elucidated.

Methods: Bioinformatic analysis, qRT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, and immunoblotting were employed to determine the expression of Arid4a in breast tumor tissues and its association with the survival of cancer patients.

Utility of whole exome sequencing in the evaluation of isolated fetal growth restriction in normal chromosomal microarray analysis.

Objective: To investigate the application of whole exome sequencing (WES) in the prenatal diagnosis of isolated fetal growth restriction (FGR) with a normal result by chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA).

Methods: This retrospective study included singleton fetuses with isolated FGR in Guangdong Women and Children Hospital between July 2018 and August 2023. All fetuses were subjected to invasive prenatal testing with CMA and WES.

Multifunctional Liposomes with Enhanced Stability for Imaging-Guided Cancer Chemodynamic and Photothermal Therapy.

Improvements in tumor therapy require a combination of strategies where targeted treatment is critical. We developed a new versatile nanoplatform, MA@E, that generates high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) with effective photothermal conversions in the removal of tumors. Enhanced stability liposomes were employed as carriers to facilitate the uniform distribution and stable storage of encapsulated gold nanorods (AuNRs) and Mn-MIL-100 metal-organic frameworks, with efficient delivery of MA@E to the cytoplasm.

Manganese-based nanoenzymes: from catalytic chemistry to design principle and antitumor/antibacterial therapy.

Manganese (Mn)-based materials have been extensively investigated for a wide range of biomedical applications owing to their remarkable catalytic chemistry, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) capacity, biodegradability, low toxicity, and good biosafety. In this review, we first elaborate on the catalytic principle of Mn-based nanoenzymes for antitumor and antibacterial therapy, followed by a comprehensive discussion of the interesting structural design engineering strategies used to achieve multi-dimensional Mn-based nanoarchitectures, such as zero-dimensional (0D) nanoparticles, 1D nanotubes, 2D nanosheets, 3D hollow porous Mn ball, and core-shell nanostructures. Moreover, the therapeutic applications of different Mn-based nanoenzymes, including manganese dioxide (MnO)-based nanoenzymes that can trigger catalytic reactions, Mn-doped metal nanoenzymes and Mn-coordinated nanoenzymes that promote hydroxyl/reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and MnO-based micro/nanorobots that can effectively penetrate tumor tissues, are critically reviewed.

A Novel Approach for Suprachoroidal Space Injection: An Experimental Evaluation.

Purpose: This study aims to describe an innovative suprachoroidal space injection technique using a combination of 30 G and 22 G needles attached to a 1 ml injector. The efficacy and applicability of this technique in suprachoroidal injections are evaluated.

Methods: In this study, we conducted both and injection experiments using isolated porcine eyes and live SD rats, respectively.

The EUS-guided rendezvous technique was performed for stent implantation.

When Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) fails in patients with obstructive jaundice, EUS-guided rendezvous technique (EUS-RV) becomes an alternative treatment. For the EUS-RV, we can puncture the intrahepatic bile duct (IHBD) and the extrahepatic bile duct (EHBD). Puncturing the EHBD needs through duodenum, the puncture site can be divided into via the proximal duodenum (D1) and via the second portion of the duodenum (D2).

Irritable bowel syndrome and structural brain changes - A two-sample Mendelian randomization study of cortical thickness and surface area.

Background And Aims: The relationship between irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and structural changes in various regional cortical areas remains unclear. Mendelian randomization (MR) was used to explore the potential association between IBS and Structural Brain Changes.

Methods: Genetically independent loci associated with IBS in individuals of European ancestry were selected as instrumental variants (IVs) in the large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS).

Inhibition of HDAC4 in granulosa cells improved co-cultured oocyte maturation in vitro independent of LH in porcine.

In domestic animals, the mechanisms by which the luteinizing hormone (LH) surge induces oocyte meiosis resumption and maturation through follicular somatic cells remain unclear. Given the pivotal roles of histone deacetylases (HDACs) in regulating gametogenesis, this study investigated the roles of HDACs in follicular granulosa cells (GCs) in mediating LH action during oocyte maturation in pigs. The results showed that histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) levels in cultured GCs increased in a time-dependent manner with follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) stimulation but significantly decreased with LH treatment.

The role of surgical resection of the primary tumor in metastatic upper tract urothelial carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose Of Review: To evaluate the role of extirpative surgery for the primary tumor in metastatic upper tract urothelial carcinoma (mUTUC).

Recent Findings: The PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were searched on July 2024 to identify relevant studies according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review (PRISMA) statement. Studies were eligible for analysis if they compared oncologic outcomes between mUTUC patients who underwent surgical resection of the primary tumor and patients who did not.

Single-Atom-Embedded Nitrogen-Doped Graphene as Efficient Electrocatalysts for the CO Reduction Reaction.

Single-atom catalysts (SACs) have displayed unprecedented activity and selectivity for electrochemical CO reduction reaction (CORR). Herein, a series of metal single atoms embedded on nitrogen-doped graphene (M-NG, where M = In, Tl, Ge, Sn, Pb, Sb, and Bi) is systematically evaluated as CORR electrocatalysts by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The computational results show that most M-NG exhibit better CORR selectivity over the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).

A NAC transcription factor and a MADS-box protein antagonistically regulate sucrose accumulation in strawberry receptacles.

Sugar accumulation during fruit ripening is an essential physiological change that influences fruit quality. While NAC transcription factors are recognized for their role in modulating strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) fruit ripening, their specific contributions to sugar accumulation have remained largely unexplored. This study identified FvNAC073, a NAC transcription factor, as a key regulator that not only exhibits a gradual increase in gene expression during fruit ripening but also enhances the accumulation of sucrose.

Synergistic Effects of a Novel Multifunctional Bionic Scaffold and Electrical Stimulation Promote Bone Tissue Regeneration.

Electrical stimulation (ES) can effectively regulate cell behavior and promote bone tissue regeneration, and conductive biomaterials can further enhance this effect by enhancing the conduction of electrical signals between cells. In this study, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and poly(l-lactide)-aniline pentamer triblock copolymer (PAP) were used as raw materials to prepare a conductive bionic scaffold (PLGA/PAP). Subsequently, bone morphogenetic protein 2 mimetic peptide containing a DOPA tag (DBMP2MP) was loaded on the scaffold surface.

Rolling of stimuli-bent cylindrical robots using contact finite element simulations.

Curved cylinders, if rigid, cannot roll on a surface like straight cylinders, but soft cylinders bent by specific stimuli can! Studying the autonomous locomotion of these soft robots and their interactions with the environment using finite element analysis is challenging due to the complex multiphysics of stimuli-responsive soft materials and nonlinear contact mechanics. In this pioneering work, we simulate the rolling of stimuli-bent cylinders on a surface using contact finite elements and introduce a simple yet effective pseudo-thermal field method. Our approach successfully reproduces several modes of autonomous locomotion observed experimentally, including phototropic locomotion, phototropic climbing on a slanted surface, steering under partial illumination, and backward rolling under alternating heat-light stimuli.

Thermally Conductive Naphthalene Epoxy Resin by Tailoring Flexible Chain Length and Liquid Crystal Structure.

Epoxy resin with high thermal conductivity (λ) are widely used in electronic packaging, bonding, and coating. However, those with high intrinsic λ, typically synthesized using biphenyl or aromatic rings extended by ester linkages as the mesogenic unit, often exhibit high liquid crystal transition temperatures and poor processability. In this study, a series of naphthalene-based liquid crystal epoxy monomers (LCE) were synthesized, using naphthalene as the mesogenic unit and modifying the flexible chain length on both sides.

Lyophilized monkeypox mRNA lipid nanoparticle vaccines with long-term stability and robust immune responses in mice.

The World Health Organization (WHO) has recently declared another global health emergency due to the rapidly spreading monkeypox (Mpox) outbreak in numerous African countries. To address the unmet need to contain the outbreak using the existing vaccines, this study developed a lyophilization process for an effective, scalable and affordable Mpox mRNA-LNP vaccine candidate to address the global health crisis. A comprehensive evaluation and optimization of the vaccine formulation (the type/concentration of cryoprotectants, the type/concentration of buffer system, as well as the mRNA concentration and reconstitution solvent) and the freeze-drying process parameters (freezing method, temperature, cooling rate and primary/secondary drying conditions) were conducted.

Thermodynamics and kinetics of lithiation-induced phase transitions in nanoporous antimony.

The impact of nanosizing on the phase transition mechanisms of electrode materials is still not well understood. In this study, we reveal that nanosizing can lower the energy barrier and entropy changes associated with phase transformations, ultimately improving the electrochemical performance of nanoporous antimony electrodes in comparison to microsized antimony.

Superficial Temporal Artery-Middle Cerebral Artery Bypass Treatment Planning for Cerebral Ischaemia Based on Multi-Scale Model.

Superficial temporal artery and middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) bypass surgery is an effective method to enhance cerebral blood flow (CBF) in ischemic patients. However, the effectiveness of various bypass techniques varies with the diversity of Circle of Willis (CoW) structures. This study aims to develop a physiologically realistic hemodynamic model to optimize STA-MCA bypass planning for cerebral ischemia patients with different CoW structures.

Noncontact Detection of Blood Coagulation Dynamics Based on Speckle Deviation Analysis Using Optical Coherence Tomography.

Red blood cells aggregate from individual cells into larger aggregates during blood coagulation. This process causes the light-scattering particles to enlarge and their motion to become restricted. The size and motion of these light-scattering particles during coagulation provide valuable information on the progress of blood coagulation.

Revealing the Effects of Tympanic Membrane Implant Mechanical Properties on High-Frequency Hearing Loss After Clinical Myringoplasty: A Finite Element Analysis.

Myringoplasty is most commonly used to treat tympanic membrane (TM) perforation. Clinical data have shown that unexplained high-frequency (above 3 kHz) hearing loss often occurs after myringoplasty. In this paper, a finite element (FE) model of the partial external and middle ear (ME) of the human ear, which considers the actual perforation and TM implants, is developed to reveal the mechanical mechanism of high-frequency hearing loss after implantation of temporalis fascia and cartilage commonly used in myringoplasty.

Efficacy and safety of non-ablative vs. ablative lasers for acne scarring: A meta-analysis.

Acne scarring significantly affects physical appearance and psychological well-being, prompting the exploration of various treatment options, including ablative and non-ablative laser therapies. The debate around their efficacy and safety persists, underscoring the need for a comprehensive analysis. This meta-analysis compares the therapeutic outcomes and safety profiles of ablative and non-ablative laser treatments for acne scars, based on a comprehensive review of clinical trials conducted up to March 2023.

Self-recoverable broadband near infrared mechanoluminescence from BaGaO:Cr using a multi-site occupation strategy.

Near infrared mechanoluminescence (NIR-ML) materials have attracted the attention of researchers due to their unique advantages, such as high resistance to bright-field interference and higher penetration depth into biological tissues. However, the reported NIR-ML materials are mainly rare-ion-activated narrow-band emitters. In this work, we report a NIR-ML material of BaGaO:Cr by a solid state reaction method.