A Universal Strategy of Anti-Tumor mRNA Vaccine by Harnessing "Off-the-Shelf" Immunity.

Personalized neoantigen cancer mRNA vaccines are promising candidates for precision medicine. However, the difficulty of identifying neoantigens heavily hinders their broad applicability. This study developed a universal strategy of anti-tumor mRNA vaccine by harnessing "off-the-shelf" immunity to known antigens.

Towards Equitable Diabetes Care: A Global Perspective on Quality Measurement Exchange.

In the pursuit of equitable diabetes care, international knowledge exchange (iKE) serves as a crucial mechanism for narrowing the gaps in quality within and between countries. Little is known about the process of quality measurement exchange among stakeholders from high-income countries (HICs), low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), and international organizations. This study aims to analyze recent international exchanges of quality measures in diabetes care and propose a framework for enhancing quality, focusing on LMICs.

Conjugated Microporous Polymer-Based Fluorescent Probe for Selective Detection of Nitro-explosives and Metal Nitrates.

The sensitive and selective identification of nitroaromatic explosives and industrially ubiquitous nitrates, which are harmful to the environment, is crucial from the viewpoints of security and environmental remediation. New multifunctional fluorescent porous materials that can sense nitro-explosives and nitrates are under continuous development. To this end, this study synthesizes 3,10,15-/-3,10,16-tribromotrinaphtho[3.

Status of a New Model of ERCP Training in China: A Nationwide Survey of Standardized Training for ERCP Procedure (STEP) Programs.

Aims: ERCP training should adapt to the rapid development of ERCP technology and indications. China has a large population and vast land area, but ERCP training resources are insufficient. To make effective use of scarce ERCP training resources, the Standardized Training for ERCP Procedure (STEP) program was launched as a pilot trial.

Comparison of Clinical and Pathologic Features of Antimitochondrial Antibodies-negative Primary Biliary Cirrhosis and Cholestatic Type Drug-induced Liver Injury.

Aim: To compare the respective clinical and pathologic features of antimitochondrial antibodies-negative (AMA-negative) primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and cholestatic type drug-induced liver injury (DILI) for clinical differential diagnosis.

Patients And Methods: Clinical data from 23 patients with AMA-negative PBC and 39 patients with cholestatic type DILI, treated at our hospital between January 2013 and January 2024, were collected and retrospectively analyzed.

Results: The cholestatic type DILI group exhibited a higher incidence of malaise and abdominal pain compared with the AMA-negative PBC group.

HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Cascade Stages Among Men Who Have Sex With Men With Sexually Transmitted Infections in China: Multicenter Cross-Sectional Survey Study.

Background: There is limited literature available regarding the knowledge and use of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among men who have sex with men (MSM) with sexually transmitted infections (STIs).

Objective: This study's objective was to explore the HIV PrEP cascade stages (knowledge, willingness to use, and use) among MSM with STIs in China, in order to promote the implementation of PrEP in this population.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a respondent-driven sampling method in 19 cities in China, from January to August 2022.

Production of Recombinant Adeno-Associated Virus Through High-Cell-Density Transfection of HEK293 Cells Based on Fed-Perfusion Culture.

Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-associated gene therapy has been increasingly promising, in light of the drugs progressed to clinical trials or approved for medications internationally. Therefore, scalable and efficient production of recombinant AAV is pivotal for advancing gene therapy. Traditional methods, such as the triple-plasmid transfection of human embryonic kidney 293 cells in suspension culture, have been widely employed but often hampered by low unit yield.

Natural Mutation of PrfA K10N/T151A Enhances Serotype 4h Virulence.

PrfA is a key virulence regulator for (Lm) responding to host environment. Here we report that the natural mutation in PrfA enhanced the pathogenicity of hypervirulent serotype 4h . We characterized the phylogenetic tree of PrfA, and found that PrfA prevalently distributed in all serotype 4h isolates.

Development of a Prediction Model and Risk Score for Self-Assessment and High-Risk Population Identification in Liver Cancer Screening: Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Liver cancer continues to pose a significant burden in China. To enhance the efficiency of screening, it is crucial to implement population stratification for liver cancer surveillance.

Objective: This study aimed to develop a simple prediction model and risk score for liver cancer screening in the general population, with the goal of improving early detection and survival.

Comparison of the Effects of H37Rv and Infiltration on Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha and Interleukin-1 Beta Expression in Osteoblasts.

This study aims to compare the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) in osteoblasts infiltrated with H37Rv (H37Rv) and to understand the differential bone destruction in spinal tuberculosis (STB) versus spondylitis (BS). Primary osteoblasts were isolated and cultured from the cranial bones of 2-5 days old mice and characterized by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and alizarin red staining (ARS). H37Rv and were cultured to the logarithmic phase, and transfection solutions were prepared.

Research Progress of Basing on Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway in the Treatment of Bone Tissue Diseases.

Osteoporosis, affecting the entire skeletal system, can cause bone mass to diminish, thereby reducing bone strength and elevating fracture risk. Fracture nonunion and bone defects are common in patients with fractures, and pain and loss of function may cause serious distress. The search for a new therapeutic strategy is essential because of the limited therapeutic options available.

Enhancing Optical Properties of Lead-Free CsNaBiCl Nanocrystals via Indium Alloying.

This study presents the synthesis and characterization of CsNaBiCl nanocrystals (NCs) doped with varying concentrations of In to improve their luminescent properties. Utilizing a colloidal solution method, we systematically varied the In concentration to identify the optimal alloying level for enhancing the photoluminescence (PL) properties of the CsNaBiCl NCs. Structural analysis confirmed that the In-alloyed NCs maintained high crystallinity and a uniform cubic shape.

Individualized Treatment of Multiple Magnetic Foreign Body Ingestion in Children.

The incidence of multiple magnetic foreign body (MMFB) ingestion in children is rising, which poses a serious risk for gastrointestinal tract injury. In the current study, the clinical characteristics were analyzed to enhance awareness among parents and caregivers, treatment experiences were summarized and discussed, and optimal treatment plans were identified. A retrospective analysis was performed on 130 pediatric patients with MMFB ingestion at the Children's Hospital Affiliated with Zhejiang University School of Medicine, between June 2016 and June 2023.

An Overview on Bioactive Glasses for Bone Regeneration and Repair: Preparation, Reinforcement, and Applications.

Synthetic bone transplantation has emerged in recent years as a highly promising strategy to address the major clinical challenge of bone tissue defects. In this field, bioactive glasses (BGs) have been widely recognized as a viable alternative to traditional bone substitutes due to their unique advantages, including favorable biocompatibility, pronounced bioactivity, excellent biodegradability, and superior osseointegration properties. This article begins with a comprehensive overview of the development and success of BGs in bone tissue engineering, and then focuses on their composite reinforcement systems with biodegradable metals, calcium-phosphorus (Ca-P)-based bioceramics, and biodegradable medical polymers, respectively.

Delaying the volume-change of CaCoO/rGO as an anode for high-performance lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries.

CaCoO/rGO was prepared by combining a sol-gel strategy and mechanical ball milling method. The Rietveld refinement results demonstrated a single-phase structure with a monoclinic symmetry. When utilized as an anode for lithium-ion batteries, it exhibited excellent rate performance and electrochemical stability due to the significantly decreasing particle size as well as the formation of a conductive rGO network in the composite after ball milling.

Pregnane C21-Steroids with Anti-inflammatory Activity from the Roots of Cynanchum bungei.

Five pregnane C21-steroids, including three 5,6-epoxy steroids (1-3) and two 8,14-seco-steroids (4 and 5), were isolated from the acid hydrolysate of Cynanchum bungei roots. Cynbungenins L-O (1-4) are previously undescribed compounds. Compound 3 with a 5a,6a-epoxy group represents the first example found in the Cynanchum plants.

Fluorous-Phase- and Chiral-Axis-Enhanced Fluorescent Sensitivity and Chemoselectivity for Cysteine Recognition.

Highly fluorinated naphthyl aldehyde and binaphthyl aldehyde ()- were designed and synthesized for fluorous-phase-based sensing. Greatly enhanced sensitivity and chemoselectivity in going from to ()- in the fluorescent detection of cysteine has been discovered. This is attributed to the increased structural rigidity of the axially chiral binaphthyl unit in ()- upon reaction with cysteine to form the corresponding thiazolidine product.

Chlorine-Doped SnO2 Nanoflowers on Nickel Hollow Fiber for Enhanced CO2 Electroreduction at Ampere-level Current Densities.

Renewable energy-driven electrochemical CO2 reduction has emerged as a promising technology for a sustainable future. However, achieving efficient production of storable liquid fuels at ampere-level current densities remains a significant hurdle in the large-scale implementation of CO2 electroreduction. Here we report a novel catalytic electrode comprising chlorine-doped SnO2 nanoflowers arrayed on the exterior of three-dimensional nickel hollow fibers.

Fluoride Exposure and Children's IQ Scores: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Importance: Previous meta-analyses suggest that fluoride exposure is adversely associated with children's IQ scores. An individual's total fluoride exposure comes primarily from fluoride in drinking water, food, and beverages.

Objective: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies investigating children's IQ scores and prenatal or postnatal fluoride exposure.

Choledochal Cyst in Children Under Six Months: Is Da Vinci Robot-Assisted Surgery More Advantageous?

Surgery for choledochal cysts (CDC) in children younger than 6 months is relatively rare. We report our experience and compare the results between Da Vinci robot-assisted hepaticojejunostomy (RAHJ) and laparoscopic-assisted hepaticojejunostomy (LAHJ) in children younger than 6 months to treat CDC. A retrospective study was conducted on all children under 6 months of age who underwent RAHJ or LAHJ at the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, from July 2018 to November 2023.

FAK inhibition delays liver repair after acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury by suppressing hepatocyte proliferation and macrophage recruitment.

Background: Overdose of acetaminophen (APAP), a commonly used antipyretic analgesic, can lead to severe liver injury and failure. Current treatments are only effective in the early stages of APAP-induced acute liver injury (ALI). Therefore, a detailed examination of the mechanisms involved in liver repair following APAP-induced ALI could provide valuable insights for clinical interventions.

Serum amyloid P (PTX2) attenuates hepatic fibrosis in mice by inhibiting the activation of fibrocytes and HSCs.

Background: Liver fibrosis is caused by chronic toxic or cholestatic liver injury. Fibrosis results from the recruitment of myeloid cells into the injured liver, the release of inflammatory and fibrogenic cytokines, and the activation of myofibroblasts, which secrete extracellular matrix, mostly collagen type I. Hepatic myofibroblasts originate from liver-resident mesenchymal cells, including HSCs and bone marrow-derived CD45+ collagen type I+ expressing fibrocytes.

Metabolomics Revealed Cadmium Exposure Associated with Alterations in Serum Metabolism in Children.

Cadmium is a heavy metal contaminant known to cause various health issues. However, limited research exists on the serum metabolomic effects of cadmium exposure in children. In this study, we recruited 42 children to analyze their serum metabolomic profiles, along with measuring urinary cadmium and creatinine concentrations, to evaluate the impact of environmental cadmium exposure on serum metabolism.

Development and Validation of a Model Based on Circulating Biomarkers for Discriminating Symptomatic Spontaneous Intracranial Artery Dissection.

Spontaneous intracranial artery dissection (sIAD) is the leading cause of stroke in young individuals. Identifying high-risk sIAD cases that exhibit symptoms and are likely to progress is crucial for treatment decision-making. This study aimed to develop a model relying on circulating biomarkers to discriminate symptomatic sIADs.