Impact of sodium alginate hydrogel containing bacteriophage peptides that specifically bind to the EtCab protein on the inhibition of Eimeria tenella infection.

Avian coccidiosis, caused by the protozoan Eimeria, leads to significant economic losses for the poultry industry. In this study, bacteriophages that specifically bind to the calcium-binding protein (EtCab) of Eimeria tenella were selected using a biopanning process with a pIII phage display library. The recombinant EtCab protein served as the ligand in this selection process.

Evolutionary diversification and succession of soil huge phages in glacier foreland.

Background: Huge phages (genome size ≥ 200 kb) have been detected in diverse habitats worldwide, infecting a variety of prokaryotes. However, their evolution and adaptation strategy in soils remain poorly understood due to the scarcity of soil-derived genomes.

Results: Here, we conduct a size-fractioned (< 0.

TREM2 promotes the formation of a tumor-supportive microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2), a surface receptor predominantly expressed on myeloid cells, is a major hub gene in pathology-induced immune signaling. However, its function in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the role of TREM2 in the tumor microenvironment in the context of HCC progression.

Association of childhood maltreatment and adverse lifetime experiences with post-injury psychopathology: evidence from the China Severe Trauma Cohort.

Background: Adverse life experiences have been associated with increased susceptibilities to psychopathology in later life. However, their impact on psychological responses following physical trauma remains largely unexplored.

Methods: Based on the China Severe Trauma Cohort, we conducted a cohort study of 2937 patients who were admitted to the Trauma Medical Center of West China Hospital between June 2020 and August 2023.

4D printing: innovative solutions and technological advances in orthopedic repair and reconstruction, personalized treatment and drug delivery.

With precise control of smart materials deformation in time dimension, doctors can customize orthopedic implants. This review focuses on the advances of 4D printing technology in orthopedics, including its applications in bone repair and reconstruction, personalized treatment, and drug delivery. 4D printing enables the creation of bionic scaffolds and fixation devices for bone repair, customized implants matching patients' conditions for personalized treatment, and specific carriers for accurate drug release and delivery, which together contribute to accelerating bone healing, providing exclusive treatments, enhancing therapeutic effects and reducing side effects, thus helping improve orthopedic medicine.

Application of antisense oligonucleotide drugs in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Huntington's disease.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and Huntington's disease (HD) are diverse in clinical presentation and are caused by complex and multiple factors, including genetic mutations and environmental factors. Numerous therapeutic approaches have been developed based on the genetic causes and potential mechanisms of ALS and HD. Currently, available treatments for various neurodegenerative diseases can alleviate symptoms but do not provide a definitive cure.

Psoriasis increases the risk of Sjögren's syndrome: evidence from a propensity score-matched cohort study and transcriptomic analysis.

Background: Despite the well-documented immune dysregulation in both psoriasis and Sjögren's syndrome (SS), the specific link between these two autoimmune diseases has not been extensively explored. The present study aims to investigate the impact of psoriasis on the risk of SS.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study using TriNetX data compared SS development in patients with psoriasis and controls using propensity score matching, Kaplan-Meier curves, and Cox models.

Lysosome-related proteins may have changes in the urinary exosomes of patients with acute gout attack.

Background: The autophagy-lysosome is intricately linked to the development of gout. At present, the diagnosis and monitoring of gout are mainly invasive tests, which cannot predict the occurrence of gout in the acute phase, and bring new pain to patients. This study focuses on the changes of lysosome-related proteins in urinary exosomes of patients with acute gout attack to explore the potential noninvasive biomarkers clinical application value.

WKB ameliorates DSS-induced colitis through inhibiting enteric glial cells activation and altering the intestinal microbiota.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic condition influenced by diet, which affects gut microbiota and immune functions. The rising prevalence of IBD, linked to Western diets in developing countries, highlights the need for dietary interventions. This study aimed to assess the impact of white kidney beans (WKB) on gut inflammation and microbiota changes, focusing on their effects on enteric glial cells (EGCs) and immune activity in colitis.

Developing a rapid screening tool for high-risk ICU patients of sepsis: integrating electronic medical records with machine learning methods for mortality prediction in hospitalized patients-model establishment, internal and external validation, and visualization.

Objectives: To develop a machine learning-based prediction model using clinical data from the first 24 h of ICU admission to enable rapid screening and early intervention for sepsis patients.

Methods: This multicenter retrospective cohort study analyzed electronic medical records of sepsis patients using machine learning methods. We evaluated model performance in predicting sepsis outcomes within the first 24 h of ICU admission across US and Chinese healthcare settings.

Comprehensive single-cell atlas of colorectal neuroendocrine tumors with liver metastases: unraveling tumor microenvironment heterogeneity between primary lesions and metastases.

Background: Colorectal neuroendocrine tumors with liver metastases (CRNELM) are associated with a poorer prognosis compared to their nonmetastatic counterparts. A comprehensive understanding of the tumor microenvironment (TME) heterogeneity between primary lesions (PL) and liver metastases (LM) could provide crucial insights for enhancing clinical management strategies for these patients.

Methods: We utilized single-cell RNA sequencing to analyze fresh tissue samples from CRNELM patients, aiming to elucidate the variations in TME between PL and LM.

Multi-gene precision editing tool using CRISPR-Cas12a/Cpf1 system in Ogataea polymorpha.

Background: Ogataea polymorpha, a non-conventional methylotrophic yeast, has demonstrated significant potential for heterologous protein expression and the production of high-value chemicals and biopharmaceuticals. However, the lack of precise and efficient genome editing tools severely hinders the construction of cell factories. Although the CARISP-Cas9 system has been established in Ogataea polymorpha, the gene editing efficiency, especially for multiple genes edition, needs to be further improved.

Study on the effects of Mogroside V in inhibiting NLRP3-mediated granulosa cell pyroptosis and insulin resistance to improve PCOS.

Objective: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrinopathy in reproductive-aged women, contributing to 75% of infertility cases due to ovulatory dysfunction. The condition poses significant health and psychological challenges, making the study of its pathogenesis and treatment a research priority. This study investigates the effects of Mogroside V (MV) on PCOS, focusing on its anti-inflammatory and anti-insulin resistance properties.

Comparative evaluation of several toric intraocular lens calculators for predicting postoperative refractive astigmatism in cataract surgery: a real-world study.

Background: This study aims to comprehensively evaluate the predictive accuracy of six widely used toric intraocular lens (IOL) calculators in eyes undergoing cataract surgery with toric IOL implantation.

Methods: This retrospective study reviewed 53 eyes of 53 patients that underwent cataract extraction with toric IOL implantation using Zeiss 709 M. Six toric IOL calculators were evaluated: Barrett toric calculator (with predicted PCA, measured PCA, and TK), Kane formula (predicted PCA), and EVO 2.

Dynamic changes in the gastrointestinal microbial communities of Gangba sheep and analysis of their functions in plant biomass degradation at high altitude.

Background: While Gangba sheep being well known for their unique flavour and nutritional value, harsh environmental factors negatively affect their growth and development, leading to poor productivity. The gastrointestinal tract microbiota plays an important role in host nutrient absorption and metabolism. The identification of dynamic changes in the gastrointestinal microbial communities and their functions is an important step towards improving animal production performance and health.

Global leukemia burden and trends: a comprehensive analysis of temporal and spatial variations from 1990-2021 using GBD (Global Burden of Disease) data.

Background: Leukemia, a group of malignant tumors, has been a significant public health concern due to its high incidence and mortality rates. This study aimed to provide an in-depth analysis of the global leukemia burden from 1990 to 2021 using the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database, focusing on trends in incidence, mortality, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) across different regions, genders, and age groups including forecasting future trends.

Methods: Data were sourced from the GBD study, utilizing the Global Health Data Exchange (GHDx) query tool.

Green sanctuaries: residential green and garden space and the natural environment mitigate mental disorders risk of diabetic patients.

Background: The co-occurrence of diabetes and mental disorders is an exceedingly common comorbidity with poor prognosis. We aim to investigate the impact of green space, garden space, and the natural environment on the risk of mental disorders among the population living with diabetes.

Methods: We performed a longitudinal analysis based on 39,397 participants with diabetes from the UK Biobank.

Uncovering glycolysis-driven molecular subtypes in diabetic nephropathy: a WGCNA and machine learning approach for diagnostic precision.

Introduction: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common diabetes-related complication with unclear underlying pathological mechanisms. Although recent studies have linked glycolysis to various pathological states, its role in DN remains largely underexplored.

Methods: In this study, the expression patterns of glycolysis-related genes (GRGs) were first analyzed using the GSE30122, GSE30528, and GSE96804  datasets, followed by an evaluation of the immune landscape in DN.

3D synergistic tumor-liver analysis further improves the efficacy prediction in hepatocellular carcinoma: a multi-center study.

Background: Besides tumorous information, synergistic liver parenchyma assessments may provide additional insights into the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to investigate whether 3D synergistic tumor-liver analysis could improve the prediction accuracy for HCC prognosis.

Methods: A total of 422 HCC patients from six centers were included.

Characteristics of transcriptome and chromatin accessibility in the peripheral blood after acute hypoxia exposure.

Background: Human responses and acclimation to the environmental stresses of high altitude and low oxygen are multifaceted and regulated by multiple genes. However, the mechanism of how the body adjusts in a low-oxygen environment is not yet clear.

Results: Hence, we performed RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and ATAC sequencing (ATAC-seq) to observe the changes of transcriptome and chromatin accessibility in the peripheral blood of eight individuals at 1 h post adaptation in a simulated plateau environment with 3500 m and 4500 m altitude, respectively.

Tailoring traditional Chinese medicine in cancer therapy.

Cancer remains a formidable global health challenge, necessitating innovative therapeutic approaches to enhance treatment efficacy and reduce adverse effects. The traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), as an embodiment of ancient wisdom, has been validated to regulate the holistic human capacity against both internal and external "evils" in accordance with TCM principles. Therefore, it stands to reason to integrate TCM into current cancer therapy paradigms, such as chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy.

Super-enhancers in tumors: unraveling recent advances in their role in Oncogenesis and the emergence of targeted therapies.

Super enhancers are a unique class of enhancers that possess a distinct structure and mechanism, which enable them to exhibit stronger gene transcription regulatory function than classical enhancers, thereby regulating cellular activities. In tumor samples, super enhancers have been identified as crucial players in the development and progression of tumor cells, opening up new avenues for cancer research and treatment. This review provides a concise overview of various models regarding super enhancer assembly and activation, examining the mechanisms through which tumor cells acquire or activate these enhancers and regulate carcinogenic transcription programs.

From diagnosis to treatment: exploring the mechanisms underlying optic neuritis in multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system, commonly causing sensory disturbances, motor weakness, impaired gait, incoordination and optic neuritis (ON). According to the statistics, up to 50% of MS patients experience vision problems during the disease course, suffering from blurred vision, pain, color vision deficits, and even blindness. Treatments have progressed from corticosteroids to therapies targeted against B/T cells.

Genetic variation reveals the therapeutic potential of BRSK2 in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Background: Current research underscores the need to better understand the pathogenic mechanisms and treatment strategies for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). This study aimed to identify key targets involved in the progression of IPF.

Methods: We employed Mendelian randomization (MR) with three genome-wide association studies and four quantitative trait loci datasets to identify key driver genes for IPF.