Single-centre, randomised and double-blind clinical trial on the efficacy of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation in preventing and treating primary headache in children and adolescents: a study protocol.

Introduction: Primary headaches pose a significant burden on children and adolescents, highlighting the need for effective non-pharmacological interventions. Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) is a non-invasive modality that has demonstrated efficacy in adult populations with primary headaches and has shown safety in adolescents with mental health disorders. However, its effectiveness in managing acute headache episodes and preventing recurrences in paediatric populations remains underexplored.

Challenges and support needs among family caregivers involved in solid organ transplant care process: a scoping review protocol.

Introduction: Family caregivers play an indispensable role in the care of solid organ transplant patients, undertaking a wide range of tasks from basic daily care to complex medical management. However, these responsibilities come with substantial challenges, placing additional strain on caregivers who bear significant physical, emotional, financial and social burdens, along with numerous unmet support needs. Currently, the exploration of challenges and support needs among family caregivers in the caregiving process is limited to primary research, lacking a synthesised and comprehensive understanding of the issues.

Experiences and expectations of patients with obesity 3 months after metabolic and bariatric surgery: a qualitative study.

Objectives: Patients experience significant physical and psychological changes within the first 3 months post-surgery, yet few studies focus on patient experiences during the early postoperative period. This study aimed to explore the patient experiences and expectations for nursing follow-up during the home recovery period following metabolic and bariatric surgery.

Design: A qualitative descriptive study design was used.

Work engagement among new nurses in China: a latent profile analysis.

Objective: To identify different work engagement profiles among new nurses in China and explore demographic and personal factors that predict different work engagement profiles.

Design: A cross-sectional study.

Methods: From 1 April to 30 June 2022, a cross-sectional survey was conducted in 11 tertiary hospitals across five provinces in China.

Association of occupational noise exposure and shift work with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a cross-sectional study of male workers in the Chinese automobile manufacturing industry.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between occupational noise, shift work and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in male workers in the automobile manufacturing industry.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: This study was carried out at the Guangzhou Twelfth People's Hospital using data from April to September 2022.

Bilevel positive airway pressure ventilation to prevent hypoxaemia during gastroscopy under sedation in patients at risk of hypoxaemia: study protocol for a prospective randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: During sedation for gastroscopy, hypoxaemia represents the most common adverse event. The objective of this trial is to assess the efficacy and safety of bilevel positive airway pressure (BPAP) for the prevention of hypoxaemia, in comparison with nasal cannula oxygen therapy, among patients predisposed to hypoxaemia during sedation for gastroscopy.

Methods And Analysis: This randomised controlled trial (RCT) will include 616 patients at risk of hypoxaemia when undergoing gastroscopy, including those with advanced age, frailty, American Society of Anesthesiologists grades III-IV, obesity, obstructive sleep apnoea-hypopnoea syndrome, cardiac disease, respiratory disease and diabetes.

Metabolomic analysis suggests thiamine monophosphate as a potential marker for mesenchymal stem cell transplantation outcomes in patients with SLE.

Objective: The objective of this research is to identify metabolic markers associated with successful treatment by evaluating the effect of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation (MSCT) on the metabolic profiles of patients with SLE.

Methods: Plasma samples were collected from 20 patients with SLE before and after MSCT. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to distinguish pretreatment and post-treatment groups and pathway analysis for identifying involved metabolic pathways.

Ultra-processed food consumption and obesity among children and adolescents in China-Findings from China Health and Nutrition Survey.

Background: Children and adolescents are increasingly exposed to processed food in China, however, its association with obesity has not been investigated.

Objectives: To assess the consumption of ultra-processed food (UPF) and its association with overweight/obesity among children and adolescents in China.

Methods: A total of 3437 children and adolescents aged 6-18 years, participating at least twice in the China Nutrition and Health Survey, were included.

Wearable device-measured physical activity and incident cardiovascular disease in cancer survivors.

Objective: To explore the association of wearable device-measured moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in long-term cancer survivors.

Methods: This retrospective analysis involved a prospective cohort of 6109 cancer survivors without CVD from the UK Biobank accelerometry subsample. The MVPA volume is categorised into four groups based on guideline recommendations (0-75 min/week, 75-150 min/week, 150-300 min/week, ≥300 min/week).

Morin attenuates ferroptosis via activation of the SIRT1/p53/SLC7A11 signaling pathway to alleviate diabetic cardiomyopathy in vivo.

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a serious complication in patients with diabetes, which still lacks adequate therapy. Ferroptosis has recently been emphasized as a main contributor to the development of DCM. Hence, the current study aimed to assess the effects of morin, a well-known phytochemical, on the DCM.

Identification of an AB phenotype caused by significant ABO gene deletion in a Chinese woman.

Background And Objectives: The AB is a rare phenotype in the ABO blood group system. Here, we first report a novel ABO mutation discovered in a Chinese woman with an AB. Third-generation sequencing was employed to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying AB.

Still a long way to go, the potential of ChatGPT in personalized dietary prescription, from a perspective of a clinical dietitian.

Background: Prominent large language models, such as OpenAI's ChatGPT, have shown promising implementation in the field of nutrition. Special care should be taken when using ChatGPT to prescribe protein restricted diets for kidney impaired patients. The objective of the current study is to simulate a chronic kidney disease (CKD) patient and evaluate the capabilities of ChatGPT in the context of dietary prescription, with a focus on protein contents of the diet.

CXCL1-CXCR1 pathway mediates hyperthermia-induced microglial processes retraction.

In infants, high fever is associated with robust microglial morphological changes, including process retraction and soma enlargement, which contribute to fever-induced seizures. The molecular mechanisms underlying dynamic process retraction during hyperthermia remain poorly understood. Using a hyperthermia-induced microglial activation model in postnatal day 8 mice, we identified the CXCL1-CXCR1 interaction as a key regulator of process retraction.

Increasing collagen synthesis in fibroblasts: The roles of PCL microspheres and the SAMD11-PLOD1 axis in skin rejuvenation.

The degradation of extracellular matrix proteins such as collagen and elastin with aging leads to skin sagging. Polycaprolactone (PCL) microspheres are used as facial fillers because of their ability to provide volume, biodegradability, and collagen-stimulating properties. The direct biological effects of PCL microspheres on fibroblasts, particularly in stimulating sustained collagen production, require further investigation.

GmEXPA11 facilitates nodule enlargement and nitrogen fixation via interaction with GmNOD20 under regulation of GmPTF1 in soybean.

Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) provides 50-60% of the nitrogen for plant growth and development, while its application is restricted for the deficiency of functional gene in biological breeding. Expansin can enlarge the plant cells through loosening the cell wall, which has a great breeding potential for legumes BNF improvement. In the present study, a cell wall α-subfamily expansin, GmEXPA11, was isolated and analyzed in soybean nodule growth and nitrogen fixation process.

Functional identification of mango MiGID1A and MiGID1B genes confers early flowering and stress tolerance.

The GIBBERELLIN INSENSITIVE DWARF1 (GID1) gene encodes a receptor integral to Gibberellic acid (GA) signaling, which is pivotal for plant growth, development, and stress responses. Until now, GID1 genes have not been documented in mango. In this research, the mango (Mangifera indica) genome yielded four GID1 homologous genes, and this study focuses on the research of MiGID1A and MiGID1B genes.

Effect of Perioperative Immunonutrition on Outcomes in Gastric Cancer Surgery Patients: A Systematic Review and Evidence Map.

Background: Tumors and surgical procedures trigger a series of metabolic responses that put gastric cancer patients at constant risk of malnutrition during the perioperative period. Meanwhile, the effectiveness of enteral immunonutrition (EIN) for these patients remains a subject of ongoing debate.

Objective: This systematic review and evidence map aim to retrieve randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on perioperative EIN interventions in gastric cancer patients undergoing surgery and evaluate their effectiveness.

Excellent Clinical and Radiological Mid-term Outcomes of the Arthroscopic "Double-Inlay" Eden-Hybinette Procedure for Bone Defects Exceeding 20%: A 5-Year Case Series.

Background: Eden-Hybinette procedure can maximize the restoration of the glenoid defect by harvesting a proper size of iliac bone block. We developed an arthroscopic "double-inlay" Eden-Hybinette procedure to achieve better bone union of the graft. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiological mid-term outcomes of the arthroscopic "double-inlay" Eden-Hybinette procedure for bone defects exceeding 20%.

Non-coding RNAs in thoracic disease: Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma.

Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is a highly aggressive malignancy with increasing incidence and poor survival rates, primarily due to late-stage diagnosis. This cancer often develops from Barrett's Esophagus (BE), a precancerous condition linked to chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The transition from BE to EAC is a complex multistep process involving numerous genetic, epigenetic, and molecular changes that lead to the malignant transformation of the esophageal epithelium.

p38γ modulates ferroptosis in brain injury caused by ethanol and cerebral ischemia/reperfusion by regulating the p53/SLC7A11 signaling pathway.

Ischemic stroke, a neurological condition with a complicated etiology that is accompanied by severe inflammation and oxidative stress, and ethanol (EtOH) may aggravate ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced brain damage. However, the effect of prolonged alcohol intake on acute brain injury remains ambiguous. As part of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family, p38γ is involved in ferroptosis and inflammation in various diseases.

Inhibition of N6-methyladenosine methylation of ASC by berberine ameliorates pyroptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells in acute kidney injury.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) lacks a definitive therapeutic approach beyond supportive care. One significant pathological mechanism involves the regulated death of tubular epithelial cells; however, the regulatory mechanisms underlying this cell death pathway require further investigation. The N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification, recognized as the most prevalent modification in eukaryotes, plays a critical role in the regulatory processes associated with AKI.

MicroRNA-regulated flounder CLDN4 Functions in Anti-bacterial Immunity.

CLDN4 belongs to a multi-transmembrane protein family of claudins, which mainly functions in cell-cell adhesion and migration. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important post-transcriptional regulating factors that participate in broad biological process including immunity. Through high-throughput RNA sequencing strategy, a flounder miRNA, miR-29-x, was identified to be responsible to both bacteria and virus.

Synthesis and evaluation of demethylzeylasteral derivatives as potential anticancer therapies for colon cancer: In vitro antiproliferation, cell cycle arrest analyses, network pharmacology investigations, and molecular docking studies.

A series of novel demethylzeylasteral derivatives 1-3 was synthesized by performing modifications on the aldehyde groups at the C-4 positions. Subsequently, the anti - proliferative activities of derivatives 1-3 was evaluated using three human cancer cell line models (HCT116, SKOV3, and HepG2) and the CCK - 8 assay. Compared with demethylzeylasteral, derivative 2 exhibited a remarkable inhibitory effect on HCT116 (4.

Synthesis, cytotoxicity and HQSAR study of amides-fused isosteviol derivatives as potential anti-colorectal cancer agents.

A series of novel amide-fused isosteviol derivatives were designed and synthesized. Their cytotoxicities in vitro against HCT-116 cells were screened. The preliminary bioassays indicated that most of the title compounds exhibited noteworthy cytotoxicity.