Ultrasensitive, Real-Time Detection of Viral Antigens and RNA Enabled by Scalable Graphene-Based FET Sensors for Pathogen Detection: A Case Study on COVID-19.

Herein, a novel and simple electrospray (ES) printing technique was developed for the fabrication of ultrathin graphene layers with precisely controlled nanometer-scale thickness, where graphene oxide (GO) was electrosprayed on wafers and subsequently chemically reduced into reduced GO (rGO). Utilizing that technique, we prepared ultrathin rGO in-plane graphene field-effect transistor (GFET)-based biosensors coupled with a portable prototype measuring system for point-of-care detection of pathogens. We illustrate the use of such prepared GFETs to detect COVID-19, using the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein antigen (N-protein) and genomic viral RNA as detection targets.

Significant Tumor Inhibition of Trimethyl-152-[L-aspartyl]pheophorbide a in Tumor Photodynamic Therapy‡.

A novel pheophorbide derivative, trimethyl-152-[L-aspartyl]pheophorbide a was synthesised and investigated for anti-tumor activity. The prepared photosensitizer had good absorption in the phototherapeutic window and high ROS yields. It exhibited excellent phototoxicity higher than reference compound m-THPC when irradiated by 650 nm light in vitro, and obvious photodynamic anti-tumor effect in vivo.

Mechanisms and Origins of Regioselectivity in Rare-Earth-Catalyzed C-H Functionalization of Anisoles and Thioanisoles.

The direct catalytic C-H functionalization of aromatic compounds such as anisoles and thioanisoles is of great interest and significance. However, achieving precise regioselectivity remains a major challenge. In this study, we conducted comprehensive density functional theory calculations to explore the mechanisms of rare-earth-catalyzed regioselective C-H alkylation, borylation, and silylation of anisole and thioanisole.

Reconstruction of the middle phalanx condyle using a small finger metacarpal base autograft.

We reconstructed a middle phalanx condyle fracture defect using a small finger metacarpal base autograft regaining a painless, functional distal interphalangeal joint and restoring articular congruency. V.

The transcription factor GmbZIP131 enhances soybean salt tolerance by regulating flavonoid biosynthesis.

Detoxifying reactive oxygen species (ROS) that accumulate under saline conditions is crucial for plant salt tolerance. The Salt Overly Sensitive (SOS) pathway functions upstream, while flavonoids act downstream, in ROS scavenging under salt stress. However, the potential crosstalk between the SOS pathway and flavonoids in regulating salt stress responses and the associated mechanisms remain largely unexplored.

A High-Modulus Dual-Cross-Linked Shell Promoting Phosphorus-Carbon Composites for Stable and High-Rate Lithium Ion Storage.

Phosphorus is considered an ideal anode material for lithium ion storage by virtue of its high theoretical capacity and moderate lithiation potential. However, issues such as large volume expansion of phosphorus leading to an electrical loss of contact and instability of the solid electrolyte interface hinder its practical performance. Improvement strategies that can effectively suppress volume expansion and provide stable electrical contacts are urgently needed.

Optimal trajectory for the anterior occipital condyle screw.

ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the practicality and optimal approach for inserting an anterior occipital condyle screw, as well as to measure the screw placement characteristics.MethodsA total of 80 normal head and cervical spine computed tomography scans (40 males/40 females) were used to construct three-dimensional models. The average age of the participants was 45.

Visible-Light-Driven Methanol-To-Ethanol Conversion via Carbene Pathway by Frustrated Lewis Pairs.

Carbenes are critical intermediates in organic chemistry, recognized for their exceptional reactivity and versatility. However, conventional methods for carbene generation are often associated with safety risks and hazardous procedures. This study presents a Ga-ZnO nanosheets photocatalyst with a (100) preferred orientation, featuring abundant refined frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) sites, excellent light absorption, and efficient charge transport properties.

Engineering Perovskite Hydroxide as a Cold-Adapted Oxidase Mimic for Construction of the Robust Low-Temperature Adaptive Biosensors.

Traditional biological detection methods rely on signal amplification strategies such as enzymatic catalysis or nucleic acid amplification. However, their efficiency decreases in low-temperature environments, compromising their detection sensitivity. To break the loss of enzyme catalytic activity at low temperatures, research on cold-adaptive nanozymes has attracted much attention.

Docetaxel-Loaded Electrospun Nanofibrous Mats for Local Chemotherapy Targeting Positive Surgical Margins in Prostate Cancer.

Positive surgical margins following radical prostatectomy significantly contribute to tumor recurrence. While systemic chemotherapy demonstrates limited efficacy in this context, local chemotherapy drug delivery systems based on nanomaterials offer promising strategies to address this issue by modifying drug release kinetics and distribution, thereby enhancing antitumor effects while minimizing the toxicities associated with systemic chemotherapy. In this study, we utilized electrospun nanofibrous mats loaded with docetaxel for sustained drug delivery.

Worldwide Innovative Network (WIN) Consortium in Personalized Cancer Medicine: Bringing next-generation precision oncology to patients.

The human genome project ushered in a genomic medicine era that was largely unimaginable three decades ago. Discoveries of druggable cancer drivers enabled biomarker-driven gene- and immune-targeted therapy and transformed cancer treatment. Minimizing treatment not expected to benefit, and toxicity-including financial and time-are important goals of modern oncology.

Development of a Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework Based Superhydrophobic Surface with Abrasion Resistance, Corrosion Protection, and Anti-icing.

Herein, a superhydrophobic surface was designed and fabricated based on the "lotus effect" construction mechanism. The zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-90) micro-nanoparticles were initially synthesized via a one-pot method, combined with long-chain stearic acid (STA), and subsequently embedded in polyvinyl butyral (PVB) to form a superhydrophobic surface at room temperature. The superhydrophobic surface demonstrated mechanical stability and retained its superhydrophobicity with a water contact angle (CA) greater than 150°, even at a wear distance of 400 cm.

Design, Synthesis, and Nematicidal Activity of Novel Amide Derivatives Containing an 1,2,4/1,3,4-Oxadiazole Moiety against .

To discover novel structural nematicides, 79 amide compounds containing 1,2,4/1,3,4-oxadiazole moiety were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for nematicidal efficacy against second-stage juveniles of (). Notably, some compounds exhibited superior nematicidal efficacy, for example, the LC values of compounds , , , , , , , and were 7.4, 31.

Effect of Diethanolamine after Carbon Dioxide Absorption and Desorption on Mechanical Strength of Cement Mortar and Mechanism.

Diethanolamine (DEA) can be used not only as a cement admixture but also to capture carbon dioxide (CO). However, the waste liquid treatment still faces the problems of high energy consumption and increasing environmental burden. The effects of DEA waste liquid (WL-DEA) with multiple cycles of CO absorption and desorption on the setting time, hydration temperature, mechanical strength, and microstructure of cement-based materials were explored.

Microenvironment Tailoring for Electrocatalytic CO Reduction: Effects of Interfacial Structure on Controlling Activity and Selectivity.

The performance of the electrocatalytic CO reduction reaction (CORR) is highly dependent on the microenvironment around the cathode. Despite efforts to optimize the microenvironment by modifying nanostructured catalysts or microporous gas diffusion electrodes, their inherent disorder presents a significant challenge to understanding how interfacial structure arrangement within the electrode governs the microenvironment for CORR. This knowledge gap limits fundamental understanding of CORR while also hindering efforts to enhance CORR selectivity and activity.

Allergenicity Reduction of Shrimp () via Fucoidan-Mediated Covalent Modification: Insights from Epitope Modifying Effect.

Covalent modification is an effective strategy for reducing allergenicity to individual allergens, but there are few studies on this strategy modifying specific amino acids within epitopes under the influence of food matrix. This study used fucoidan to covalently modify shrimp () and combined mass spectrometry and bioinformatics techniques to explore epitope modification. The results showed that lower concentrations (<2.

Adhesion-Assisted Antioxidant-Engineered Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for Enhanced Cardiac Repair in Myocardial Infarction.

Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) therapy holds great promise for treating myocardial infarction (MI). However, the inflammatory and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-rich environment in infarcted myocardium challenges MSC survival, limiting its therapeutic impact. In this study, we demonstrate that chemical modification of MSCs with anti-VCAM1 and polydopamine (PD) significantly enhances MSC survival and promotes cardiac repair.

Ferroelectricity and Strong Spin-Orbit Coupling to Enhance Molecular Spin-Electric Coupling.

The electric control of magnetism has been considered to be promising for molecular spintronics and quantum information. However, the spin-electric coupling strength appears to be insufficient for application in most cases. Two major factors capable of amplifying the relative effect are spin-orbit coupling and ferroelectricity.

AI-Driven Discovery of Highly Specific and Efficacious hCES2A Inhibitors for Ameliorating Irinotecan-Triggered Gut Toxicity.

The anticancer agent irinotecan often induces severe delayed-onset diarrhea, inhibiting human carboxylesterase 2A (hCES2A) can significantly alleviate irinotecan-triggered gut toxicity (ITGT). This work presents an efficient workflow for design and developing novel efficacious hCES2A inhibitors. A well-training machine learning model identified as a lead compound, while compound was developed as a novel time-dependent hCES2A inhibitor (IC = 0.

Non-targeted metabolomic study in plasma in rats with post-traumatic osteoarthritis model.

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the differential expression profiles of plasma metabolites in rat models of post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) and elucidate the roles of metabolites and their pathways in the progression of PTOA using bioinformatics analysis.

Method: Plasma samples were collected from 24 SD female rats to model PTOA, and metabolomic assays were conducted. The samples were divided into three groups: the surgically induced mild PTOA group (Group A: 3 weeks postoperative using the modified Hulth model; age 2 months), the surgically induced severe PTOA group (Group B: 5 weeks postoperative using the modified Hulth model; age 2 months), and the normal control group (Group C: healthy rats aged 2 months).

Green-Solvent Synthesis for In Situ Growth of Perovskite Phosphors without Ligand Assistance.

Cesium-lead halide perovskite nanomaterials have been considered new-generation emitters that can meet the requirements of high photoluminescence efficiency and the high color standard of Rec. 2020. However, their practical application is currently hindered by the challenge of achieving better stability and growth in green solvents.

Molecular Engineering of a SICTERS Small Molecule with Superior Raman Imaging and Photothermal Performance.

Raman-based theranostics has demonstrated great potential for sensitive real-time imaging and treatment. However, these advanced materials, primarily depending on the SERS technique, encounter clinical concerns regarding substrate biosafety. Herein, we molecularly engineered a substrate-free SICTERS small molecule, namely BTT-TPA (bis-thienyl-substituted benzotriazole selenadiazole derivative structures), possessing both ultrasensitive Raman signals and excellent photothermal effects based on self-stacking.