Data-Driven Fault Detection and Diagnosis Methods in Wastewater Treatment Systems: A Comprehensive Review.

Wastewater treatment systems are essential for sustainable water resource management but face challenges such as equipment and sensor malfunctions, fluctuating influent conditions, and operational disturbances that compromise process stability and detection accuracy. To address these challenges, this paper systematically reviews data-driven fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) methods applied in wastewater treatment systems from 2014 to 2024, focusing on their applications, advancements, and limitations. Main contributions include an overview of key treatment processes, a detailed evaluation of fault types (process and sensor faults), advancements in multivariate statistical methods, machine learning (ML), and hybrid FDD techniques, as well as their effectiveness in anomaly detection, managing complex data distributions, and enabling real-time monitoring.

Induction of age-related ocular disorders in a mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive lung disease linked to aging. This study investigates potential connections between IPF and age-related eye problems using a bleomycin-induced IPF mouse model. Intratracheal administration of bleomycin induces rapid lung injury in mice, followed by IPF with characteristics of cellular senescence.

SREBF1 facilitates pathological retinal neovascularization by reprogramming the fatty acid metabolism of endothelial cells.

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a proliferative retinal vascular disorder that critically affects the visual development of premature infants, potentially leading to irreversible vision loss or even blindness. Despite its significance, the underlying mechanisms of this disease remain insufficiently understood. In this study, we utilized the oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) mouse model and conducted endothelial functional assays to explore the role of Sterol Regulatory Element-Binding Protein 1 (SREBF1) in ROP pathogenesis.

Elucidating the roles of voltage sensors in Na1.9 activation and inactivation through a spider toxin.

The gating process of voltage-gated sodium (Na) channels is extraordinary intrinsic and involves numerous factors, such as voltage-sensing domain (VSD), the N-terminus and C-terminus, and the auxiliary subunits. To date, the gating mechanism of Na channel has not been clearly elucidated. Na1.

Reducing radiation-induced hypothyroidism by modified delineation of cervical lymphatic drainage area for nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated by intensity-modulated radiation Therapy: 3 years' experience.

Background And Purpose: Radiation-induced hypothyroidism (RIHT) is a late complication of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). We evaluated thyroid protection in NPC patients receiving IMRT using modified delineation (MD) of cervical lymphatic drainage areas, sparing the common carotid artery within the clinical target volume (CTV), to assess its impact on thyroid function and survival outcomes.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients without metastatic lymph nodes at levels III and IV who received neck irradiation.

Multi-omics models for predicting prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer patients following chemotherapy and radiotherapy: A multi-center study.

Background And Purpose: Quantifying tumor heterogeneity from various dimensions is crucial for precise treatment. This study aimed to develop and validate multi-omics models based on the computed tomography images, pathological images, dose and clinical information to predict treatment response and overall survival of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients undergoing chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included 220 NSCLC patients from three centers.

5,7-Dihydroxy-4-Methylcoumarin enhances osteogenesis and ameliorates osteoporosis via the AKT1 pathway.

Osteoporosis is a chronic disease distinguished by decreased bone density and degradation of bone microstructure, frequently linked with inflammation and oxidative stress, both of which contribute to the acceleration of bone resorption. The compound 5,7-Dihydroxy-4-methylcoumarin (D4M) present in Artemisia dracunculus exhibits significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Nonetheless, the potential anti-osteoporotic effects of D4M, along with the molecular targets and mechanisms responsible for these effects, have not been studied.

Destructive and Protective Effects and Therapeutic Targets of IL-36 Family Cytokines in Dry Eye Disease.

Purpose: To explore the destructive and protective effects and therapeutic targets of IL-36 cytokines in dry eye disease using a murine dry eye model.

Methods: A dry eye model was established in C57BL/6 mice exposed to desiccating stress (DS) with untreated mice as controls. A topical challenge model was performed in normal mice with exogenous rmIL-36α, rhIL-38 and 2% ectoine, or PBS vehicle.

Enhancing crop yields to ensure food security by optimizing photosynthesis.

The crop yields achieved through traditional plant breeding techniques appear to be nearing a plateau. Therefore, it is essential to accelerate advancements in photosynthesis, the fundamental process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy, to further enhance crop yields. Research focused on improving photosynthesis holds significant promise for increasing sustainable agricultural productivity and addressing challenges related to global food security.

5β-hydroxycostic acid from Laggera alata ameliorates sepsis-associated acute kidney injury through its anti-inflammatory and anti-ferroptosis effects via NF-κB and MAPK pathways.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The whole plant of Laggera alata is frequently utilize to remedy inflammatory diseases including nephritis as a traditional Chinese medicine. However, its active ingredients and mechanism of action against sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) are unknown.

Aim Of The Study: This study aimed to identify active compounds from L.

Dahuang-Gancao Decoction Ameliorates Testosterone-Induced Androgenetic Alopecia in Mice.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Dahuang-Gancao decoction (DGD) is a traditional Chinese medicinal formula that is recorded in the Synopsis of the Golden Chamber, and is widely used to treat damp-heat in the body. Since the pathological factors of androgenetic alopecia (AGA) also reflect damp-heat blockage, DGD has great potential for the treatment of AGA and has been used effectively in clinical practice.

Aim Of The Study: The aim of the study was to investigate whether external application of DGD could promote the activation and proliferation of hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) and improve AGA through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

Dissecting the mechanisms of velvet antler extract against diabetic osteoporosis via network pharmacology and proteomics.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Velvet antler (VAE) is a famous traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which has been used for thousands of years to treat bone-related diseases. Nonetheless, whether VAE has anti-diabetic osteoporosis (DOP) properties remains to be elucidated.

Aim Of The Study: The therapeutic mechanism of VAE on DOP is based on integrated proteomics of network pharmacology strategies to study related targets and pathways.

Investigating the Molecular Mechanisms of Jiangu Decoction in Treating Type 2 Diabetic Osteoporosis.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Type 2 diabetic osteoporosis (T2DOP) is a metabolic bone disease characterized by impaired bone structure and decreased bone strength in diabetic patients. Jiangu Decoction (JGD), a traditional Chinese poly-herbal formulation, has shown efficacy in mitigating osteoporosis (OP) and fractures caused by osteoporosis in diabetic patients in clinical trials. In addition, JGD has been proven to promote the proliferation of osteoblasts.

Smilax china L. polyphenols inhibit LPS-induced macrophage M1 polarization to alleviate inflammation through NF-κB signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: As an important component of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is an important inducer of inflammation in humans. Smilax china L. is known for its diverse bioactive functions, particularly its anti-inflammatory effects.

β-elemene, a sesquiterpene constituent from Curcuma phaeocaulis inhibits the development of endometriosis by inducing ferroptosis via the MAPK and STAT3 signaling pathways.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The rhizome of Curcuma phaeocaulis Valeton, Curcuma wenyujin Y.H. Chen & C.

Ropivacaine and celecoxib-loaded injectable composite hydrogel for improved chronic pain-exacerbated myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Chronic pain is a prevalent condition affecting a significant portion of the global population and is known to be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Despite the clinical relevance, the mechanisms underlying the link between chronic pain and myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MI/R) injury remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the role of the superior cervical ganglion (SCG) in mediating the effects of chronic pain on MI/R injury and to develop a novel therapeutic strategy.

Corneal first aid lens: Collagen-based hydrogels loading aFGF as contact lens for treating corneal injuries.

Severe corneal injuries can cause visual impairment even blindness. Surgically stitching or implanting biomaterials have been developed, but their implementation requires professional surgeons, failing to address the immediate need of medical treatment. The pressing challenge lies in developing multifunctional biomaterials that enable self-management of corneal injuries.

From natural herbal wisdom to nano innovation: Revolutionizing tumor treatment through metabolic reprogramming.

In recent years, with the deepening understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying tumorigenesis, metabolic reprogramming has emerged as a pivotal process in cancer initiation, progression, and treatment resistance, gradually paving the way for new avenues in precision oncology. Natural herb ingredients, characterized by their multi-target engagement, low toxicity, and wide-ranging biological activities, exhibit unique advantages in anti-cancer therapy. Nonetheless, the clinical application of these components has been constrained by issues such as poor solubility, low bioavailability, and inadequate stability when administered through traditional delivery methods.

Non-Bioartificial Artificial Liver Support System in Acute Liver Failure: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: Acute liver failure (ALF) poses a significant threat to patient health with high mortality rates. While Non-Bioartificial Artificial Liver Support system (NBALSS) has been utilized as a transitional intervention to liver transplant, its efficacy remains uncertain, It is also used as a last-line treatment for patients who are not candidates for liver transplantation.

Objective: The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the efficacy of NBALSS in treating acute liver failure (ALF).

Prevalence and Patterns of Social Media Use in Early Adolescents.

Objective: To describe patterns of social media use, including underage (under 13 years) use and sex differences, in a diverse, national sample of early adolescents in the U.S.

Methods: We analyzed the social media use data in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (2019-2021, Year 3), which includes a national sample of early adolescents in the U.

Retrospective Evaluation of Combined Anterior and Posterior Surgery with Autologous Tricortical Iliac and Rib Bone Grafting for Severe Kyphotic Deformity in Thoracic Spinal Tuberculosis.

Background: Spinal tuberculosis is a common cause of spinal deformity and neurological dysfunction, with surgical treatment being crucial in severe cases. This study evaluates the efficacy and safety of combined anterior and posterior surgery with autologous tricortical iliac bone and rib grafting for treating spinal tuberculosis.

Methods: We included 61 patients with thoracic tuberculosis, who underwent a surgical procedure involving initial posterior correction, followed by anterior debridement and reconstruction with autologous tricortical iliac bone and rib grafts.

RET-AREAL: a multi-center, real-world data analysis on the efficacy of pralsetinib in acquired RET fusion after resistance to EGFR/ALK-TKIs.

Pralsetinib demonstrated impressive improvement of survival in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients harbored de novo RET fusion. However, the efficacy in patients with acquired RET fusion after resistance to EGFR/ALK-TKIs has only been reported on a case-by-case basis, and the strategy for overcoming the acquired RET fusion has not been fully investigated. This multicenter, real-world analysis enrolled 32 patients with unresectable NSCLC harbored acquired RET fusion after resistance to EGFR/ALK-TKIs in 23 centers across China from July 1, 2018 to Nov 23, 2022.

From Pathogenesis to Precision Medicine: Transformative Advances in Research and Treatment of Ameloblastoma.

Odontogenic neoplasms of the jaw are dominated by ameloblastoma (AM), a locally aggressive epithelial tumor with a significant propensity for recurrence. The World Health Organization's 2022 update to the AMclassification system underscores recent progress in comprehending its underlying mechanisms and refining clinical approaches. Contemporary research has yielded significant insights into the genetic underpinnings of AM, paving the way for the development of precision-based treatment strategies.

Oral and Fecal Microbiota as Accurate Non-invasive Tools for Detection of Pancreatic Cancer in the Chinese Population.

Pancreatic cancer (PCA), a leading cause of cancer-related deaths, has limited non-invasive diagnostic methods. We aimed to identify oral and fecal microbiome biomarkers and construct diagnostic classifiers. Oral and fecal samples from 97 PCA patients and 90 healthy controls underwent 16S rRNA sequencing.

Personalized theta-burst stimulation enhances social skills in young minimally verbal children with autism: a double-blind randomized controlled trial.

Background: Minimally verbal children with autism are understudied and lack effective treatment options. Personalized continuous theta-burst stimulation (cTBS) targeting the amygdala and its circuitry may be a potential therapeutic approach for this population.

Methods: In a double-blind randomized controlled trial, minimally verbal children with autism (ages 2-8 years) received 4 weeks of cTBS.