Advances in gut microbiota-related treatment strategies for managing colorectal cancer in humans.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major contributor to global cancer-related mortality with increasing incidence rates in both developed and developing regions. Therefore, CRC presents a significant challenge to global health. The development of innovative tools for enhancing early CRC screening and diagnosis, along with novel treatments and therapies for improved management, remains an urgent necessity.

A Biomimetic Sweeping Microrobot for Active Therapy of Ulcerative Colitis.

Overproduction of pathogenic cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays crucial roles in the onset and perpetuation of ulcerative colitis (UC). Inspired by sweeping robots, a magnesium@polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer@polyethylenimine (Mg@PLGA@PEI) microswimmer capable of cleaning off deleterious disease triggers along its path of progress is designed. Mg@PLGA@PEI is successfully synthesized by adopting a core-shell structure with a small opening which allows for Mg-water reaction.

Electroactive Dressing with Selective Sorption of Exudate Enables Treatment of Complicated Wound.

Exudate management and cell activity enhancement are vital to complicated wound healing. However, current exudate management dressings indiscriminately remove exudate, which is detrimental to cell activity enhancement. Herein, a novel class of electroactive bilayer (cMO/PVA) dressing is developed by constructing manganese oxide nanoneedle-clusters decorated commercial carbon cloth (MO), in situ casting polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel, and finally charging.

Fluid Control of Dip Coating for Efficient Large-Area Organic Solar Cells.

As a classical low-cost technique, dip coating has not been used for printable electronics. Here, the study demonstrates large-area organic solar cells can be made by dip coating. The correlation is revealed among Van der Waals forces in precursor film, aggregation state of polymer, and fibrous orientation in active layer; the relationship is also expounded between fluid mechanics of the confined liquid in polymer scaffold and the continuity of the acceptor phase.

Close-to-Equilibrium Crystallization for Large-Scale and High-Quality Perovskite Single Crystals.

The growth of large semiconductor crystals is crucial for advancing modern electronics and optoelectronics. While various crystal growth techniques have been developed for lead halide perovskites, a significant challenge remains: as crystal size increases, performance tends to deteriorate dramatically. This study addresses the inherent limitations of perovskite crystal growth by designing a novel strategy for near-equilibrium growth system to maintain optimal conditions throughout the process.

Building a Highly Stable Red/Near Infrared Afterglow Library with Highly Branched Structures.

Achieving organic red/near infrared (NIR) phosphorescence at high temperatures is theoretically challenging because of the severe nonradiative transitions of excited triplet states with low energy gaps. This study realizes bright and persistent red/NIR afterglow with excellent high-temperature resistance up to 413 K via highly efficient (≈100%) phosphorescence resonance energy transfer (PRET) from rationally designed branched phosphorescence luminogens as energy donors to red/NIR dyes as acceptors, coupled with optimized aggregated structures. According to systematic investigations, the abundant internal cavities formed by the highly branched luminogens in solid states ensure dye loading and space limitation, which can considerably suppress nonradiative transitions at high temperatures, promoting a persistent red/NIR afterglow with excellent stability.

RCA-Supported Multipedal DNA Walker Integrated with TSDR for Simultaneous Detection of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Circulating Tumor DNA.

Peripheral blood circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is a crucial liquid biopsy biomarker that correlates overall systemic tumor burden with malignant progression. However, identifying multiple single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ctDNA presents significant challenges. In this study, we developed a rolling circle amplification (RCA)-supported multipedal DNA walker integrated with toehold-mediated strand displacement (TSDR) to facilitate the detection of ctDNA SNPs.

Socioeconomic Inequalities in PM Exposure and Local Source Contributions at Community Scales Using Hyper-Localized Taxi-Based Mobile Monitoring in Xi'an, China.

The relationship between the socioeconomic status (SES) and PM exposure is rather inconclusive. We employed taxi-based measurements with 30 m resolution to characterize PM exposure with local source contribution (PM adjusted concentration) discerned for 2019 winter and 2020 summer, in Xi'an. A big data set comprising ∼6 × 10 hourly PM measurements and SES data from ∼5000 communities was utilized to examine the socioeconomic inequalities in community-level PM exposure.

Acoustic shock wave-induced formation of an undefined high-pressure carbon allotrope.

Carbon is nothing less than a rock star in the world of research on allotropes which has a tremendous ability to form several simple and complex allotropic structures of various sp, sp and sp hybridizations, thanks to its flexible chemical structure. By high-pressure experimental and theoretical approaches, new carbon forms were synthesized from known carbon structures. Herein, we report the phase transition from amorphous carbon nanoparticles to a novel thermodynamically stable carbon allotropic structure, denominated as SD carbon (Sivakumar-Dai carbon), obtained through the impact of acoustic shock waves with a transient pressure of 16.

A Unified Approach to Lactonization/Lactamization by Leveraging Tether-Tunable Distonic Radical Anions.

We report using visible-light-induced generation of tether-tunable distonic radical anions for the general catalytic lactonization/lactamization of aromatic carboxylic acids and benzamides. Its success relies on the specific cyclic diacyl peroxide and catalytic amount of CsI, enabling the generation of electrophilic heteroatom-centered radicals via a philicity regulation strategy. Key features include operational simplicity, excellent functional group tolerance, broad substrate scope, high chemo- and regioselectivity, gram-scale scalability, and application to synthesis of urolithin derivatives and 3--butylphthalide.

Effect of N1-methyladenosine in the quantification of RNA.

The reverse transcription (RT) of RNA to cDNA is a key step for the quantification of nucleic acid molecules in numerous basic research and medical diagnosis. Although multiple sources of errors have been considered, little is known about the impact of RNA modifications on the validity of genes of interest for quantitative RT-PCR. Here, we evaluated the influence of RNA modifications of N1-methyladenosine (m1A) on the validity of the RT step by quantifying two RNAs with commercial reverse transcriptase and RNA sample from HEK-293T cells or in vitro transcription.

Pediatric living donor liver transplantation for small infants with biliary atresia using interposition portal vein grafts, multi-center cohort study.

Background: Despite multiple techniques, portal vein (PV) inflow reconstruction during living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) for patients with biliary atresia (BA) and small-diameter PV remains a challenge. The use of PV interposition grafts has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy to mitigate complications and reinterventions.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective multi-center cohort study of patients under 3 years of age (n=85) undergoing LDLT for biliary atresia using PV interposition grafts.

Exploring the standardization of human nasal antibody measurements.

Mucosal immunity is crucial for preventing the infection and transmission of respiratory viruses. Nasal antibody is inversely correlated with a lower risk of infection with respiratory viruses. However, the current reference standard for nasal antibody assessment is serum-based, mainly consisting of monomeric IgG and IgA.

The use of nitrogen isotopic fractionation as a biomarker for feed conversion efficiency in pigs using blood and hair samples.

This study aimed to 1) Establish relationships between feed conversion efficiency (FCE; live weight gain/intake) and several biomarkers in pigs using blood and hair samples, and 2) Investigate the relative FCE performance of pigs from maternal vs. terminal genetic lines fed high vs. low energy diets.

Synergistic Bifunctional Covalent Organic Framework for Efficient Photocatalytic CO Reduction and Water Oxidation.

The scientific community has been actively researching artificial photosynthesis to promote ecologically sustainable living and address environmental issues. However, designing photocatalysts with active sites that are effective for both CO reduction and water oxidation remains a significant challenge. Thus, we present the development of a donor-acceptor covalent organic framework (D-A COF), that integrates two distinct metal coordination environments through structure-activity relationships.

Case Report and Literature Review of 10 Pediatric Cases of Knee Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis.

Objective: This study was aimed to analyze 10 pediatric cases of pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) of the knee to elucidate their clinical features, diagnosis, treatments, and prognosis for providing reference regarding its clinical management in children.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was made pertaining to the clinical manifestations, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, pathology, immunohistochemical results, treatment methods, and follow-up outcomes of 10 pediatric PVNS patients of the knee treated from January 2022 to January 2024 at our hospital. They were compared and analyzed with existing literature.

SENP1-SIRT3 axis mediates glycolytic reprogramming to suppress inflammation during infection.

Unlabelled: a foodborne pathogen, has the ability to invade intestinal mucosal cells, undergo intracellular proliferation, activate host immune responses, and induce diseases such as colitis. We have demonstrated that sentrin-specific protease 1 (SENP1) functions as a protective gene in the host, suppressing the inflammatory response triggered by . The host's SENP1-SIRT3 axis plays a critical role in regulating inflammation during infection.

The emergence of highly resistant and hypervirulent Escherichia coli ST405 clone in a tertiary hospital over 8 years.

The emergence of carbapenem-resistant (CREC) poses crucial challenges in clinical management, requiring continuous monitoring to inform control and treatment strategies. This study aimed to investigate the genomic and epidemiological characteristics of CREC isolates obtained from a tertiary hospital in China between 2015 and 2022. Next-generation sequencing was used for genomic profiling, and clinical data from patients were integrated into the analysis.

Clinical characteristics and prognosis of children with culture-negative osteoarticular infections: a meta-analysis based on cohort studies.

Purpose: Pediatric osteoarticular infections (OAIs) are an orthopedic emergency that can lead to severe sequelae if not treated appropriately. Approximately half of the patients with OAIs in clinical practice fail to obtain microbiological results even after undergoing aspiration or surgery, which presents a significant challenge in clinical practice. The inability to identify pathogens can lead to incorrect antibiotic usage or under-treatment, increasing the risk of adverse outcomes.

Giant Capacitive Energy-Storage in BaTiO-Based Fine-Grained Relaxors via Local Polarization Enhancement.

Pb-free dielectric energy storage capacitors are core components in advanced pulse-power electronic systems and devices. However, the relatively low energy density (W) for the industrial pillar BaTiO (BT)-based capacitors remains a significant obstacle for their cutting-edge applications, due to their low intrinsic polarization and breakdown strength (E). Herein, through chemical composition and local structure design, a giant W of 15.

Distribution and Pharmacokinetic Characteristics of Cordycepin in Rat: Investigated by UHPLC-HRMS/MS and Blood-Brain Synchronous Microdialysis.

Cordycepin, a natural adenosine derivative, exhibits multiple pharmacological effects on organisms. However, its distribution and metabolic characteristics have not been fully elucidated in vivo. In this study, ultra-high liquid chromatography tandem high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS/MS) was used to investigate the pharmacokinetic characteristics and effects of cordycepin on endogenous adenosine and inosine.

Transcriptome-wide mapping of N3-methylcytidine modification at single-base resolution.

3-Methylcytidine (m3C), a prevalent modification of transfer RNAs (tRNAs), was recently identified in eukaryotic messenger RNAs (mRNAs). However, its precise distribution and formation mechanisms in mRNAs remain elusive. Here, we develop a novel approach, m3C immunoprecipitation and sequencing (m3C-IP-seq), utilizing antibody enrichment to profile the m3C methylome at single-nucleotide resolution.

Eyelid and Canalicular Reconstruction in Peripunctal Tumors: Single-Center Experience Over Seven Years.

Study Design: Retrospective, noncomparative, and interventional case series.

Objective: Peripunctal tumors are uncommonly encountered. The management at the aesthetically and functionally sensitive area is demanding.

Induction of mitochondrial damage via the CREB3L1/miR-34c/COX1 axis by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infection facilitates pathogenicity.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a primary cause of viral diarrhea in neonatal piglets, leading to substantial economic losses in the swine industry globally. It primarily targets epithelial cells of the small intestine, compromising intestinal function and resulting in the death of affected animals. As mitochondria are essential for maintaining gut health, this study investigates the effects of PEDV infection on mitochondrial function in small intestinal epithelial cells and its subsequent impacts.

The GP2a 91/97/98 amino acid substitutions play critical roles in determining PRRSV tropism and infectivity but do not affect immune responses.

Unlabelled: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) isolates share a restricted cellular tropism. Marc-145 cells derived from African green monkey are one of the few cell lines supporting PRRSV propagation and are commonly used for PRRS vaccine development. However, currently prevalent PRRSV isolates display different Marc-145 cell tropism while the exact determinant is not clarified yet.