The depletion of TFAM and p-β-catenin(S552) in mitochondria in response to BoAHV-1 productive infection leads to decreased mitochondrial biogenesis.

Varicellovirus bovinealpha (BoAHV) types 1(BoAHV-1) is one of the most significant viruses affecting cattle, causing substantial economic losses in the global cattle industry. Virus productive infection in cell cultures leads to mitochondrial dysfunction, resulting in the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which act as inflammatory mediators and exert cytotoxic effects. But the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood.

Intermolecular interactions influenced the gelation and texture improvement of sturgeon surimi gels by walnut protein isolates.

Intermolecular interaction is a key factor in the fortification of surimi gels by plant protein addition. Here, the effects of different intermolecular interactions, such as ionic, covalent and non-covalent interactions, on gel structure, gelation strength and water-holding properties were investigated, using sturgeon surimi fortified by three walnut isolates, including walnut meal (WM), protein isolate (WPI) and peptide (WP), as representatives. Quantitative creep-recovery analysis and soluble protein assay demonstrated that secondary bonds, mainly hydrophobic interaction and hydrogen bond, possibly played a dominant role in walnut protein-fortified surimi gels.

Online assessment of soluble solids content in strawberries using a developed Vis/NIR spectroscopy system with a hanging grasper.

Online detection of internal quality of strawberries presents challenges particularly concerning fruit damage, detection accuracy, and processing efficiency. This study explores the feasibility of using Vis/NIRS for online detection of SSC in strawberries during hanging transportation. After analyzing SSC distribution in strawberries, an optical sensing system was developed, and optimal configurations were identified using PLSR models.

Green and chemical-free pretreatment of flavonoids in tea plant seed husk using ultrasound-cold isostatic pressure synergistic extraction.

A new method was established to extract flavonoids from tea plant seed husk: ultrasonic-cold isostatic pressure synergistic extraction. The effects of pressure, ethanol concentration, tea plant seed husk addition and treatment time on the extraction of flavonoids were investigated. The optimal extraction process was determined as follows: applied pressure 468.

Bifunctional tubular step-scheme CoS/CdS heterostructure for highly efficient photoelectrochemical detection coupled with the degradation of tetracycline.

A bifunctional tubular step-scheme CoS/CdS heterostructure was successfully synthesized for efficient photoelectrochemical (PEC) detection coupled with the degradation of tetracycline (TC). It was found that so-obtained heterostructure could effectively suppress the recombination of photo-generated carriers and display larger PEC responses owing to the internal electrostatic field. Upon adding TC, the photocurrent signal of CoS/CdS heterostructure was specifically activated due to the direct consumption of holes in CdS component by TC, resulting in significantly enhanced charge separation.

Seven novel sesquiterpenes with hemostasis activities from leaves of Callicarpa nudiflora.

A pair of epimer with an unprecedented 4/7/6 tricyclic skeleton sesquiterpene (1 and 2) and five novel sesquiterpene (3-7) were isolated from Callicarpa nudiflora Hook. et Arn. Their structures were established by extensive spectroscopic analyses, single crystal X-ray diffraction, experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra comparison and DP4+ probability analysis.

Structure-based molecular hybridization design and synthesis of Keap1-Nrf2 inhibitors for anti-inflammatory treatment.

The Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)-nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway stands as a pivotal mechanism in defending against oxidative stress damage and related inflammation. Blocking the Keap1-Nrf2 protein-protein interaction (PPI) offers a promising therapeutic approach for treating diseases related to oxidative stress and inflammation. Our group previously reported NXPZ-2, a naphthalene sulfonamide derivative targeting Keap1, which effectively inhibits the Keap1-Nrf2 PPI, thereby releasing Nrf2 to exert its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.

Biological evaluation of a new highly sensitive and selective fluorescent probe for hypochlorous acid and its imaging application in cell and zebrafish.

Hypochlorous acid is one of the most widely distributed reactive oxygen species in vivo. It is usually used as a signal molecule to participate in various life activities such as immunity and metabolism, and plays a notable role in maintaining homeostasis. When hypochlorous acid level is abnormal in the body, it will lead to a variety of diseases, such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, atherosclerosis and cancer.

Structurally diverse sesquiterpenes with anti-leukemia activity from the rare medicinal plant Liriodendron chinense.

A further phytochemical investigation on the branches and leaves of Liriodendron chinense, a rare medicinal and ornamental plant endemic to China, yielded thirty-four sesquiterpenes with diverse skeletons. The isolated compounds comprise 12 new naturally occurring sesquiterpenoids (1-12) and 22 known analogues (13-34). The new structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data analyses, and their absolute configurations (except for 10) were determined by electronic circular dichroism spectra, quantum-chemical calculations, and X-ray crystallography.

FedBM: Stealing knowledge from pre-trained language models for heterogeneous federated learning.

Federated learning (FL) has shown great potential in medical image computing since it provides a decentralized learning paradigm that allows multiple clients to train a model collaboratively without privacy leakage. However, current studies have shown that data heterogeneity incurs local learning bias in classifiers and feature extractors of client models during local training, leading to the performance degradation of a federation system. To address these issues, we propose a novel framework called Federated Bias eliMinating (FedBM) to get rid of local learning bias in heterogeneous federated learning (FL), which mainly consists of two modules, i.

Bridging multi-level gaps: Bidirectional reciprocal cycle framework for text-guided label-efficient segmentation in echocardiography.

Text-guided visual understanding is a potential solution for downstream task learning in echocardiography. It can reduce reliance on labeled large datasets and facilitate learning clinical tasks. This is because the text can embed highly condensed clinical information into predictions for visual tasks.

Prompt-based polyp segmentation during endoscopy.

Accurate judgment and identification of polyp size is crucial in endoscopic diagnosis. However, the indistinct boundaries of polyps lead to missegmentation and missed cancer diagnoses. In this paper, a prompt-based polyp segmentation method (PPSM) is proposed to assist in early-stage cancer diagnosis during endoscopy.

Scalable interlinked hierarchical porous biochar-nanosheets for efficient removal of thallium from aquatic environment.

The scalable development of engineeredcarbonaceous materials for commercialization at industrial scale is a formidable issue. Herein, a scalable and innovative chemical exfoliation approach was introduced to develop interlinkedhierarchical biocharnanosheets (BCNs) framework form agricultural wastes. The developed BCNs exhibited higher surface area (1048.

Real-time recombinase polymerase amplification assay for fast quantification of tetracycline resistance genes tetA in the surface water.

The tetracycline resistance gene tetA is a widely detected antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) posing significant ecological health risks in surface water. The development of rapid quantitative assays for tetA can substantially reduce both the time and economic costs associated with real-time monitoring of tetA transportation dynamics in the environment. In this study, a novel method for the quantification of tetracycline resistance gene tetA using real-time recombinase polymerase amplification was developed, which can complete the quantification of tetA within 20 minutes at a constant temperature of 39 ℃, achieving a detection limit of 50 copies/μL with 100 % sensitivity and specificity.

Construction of hierarchical nanostructured surface on an organic hybrid selenidostannate with light trapping effect to achieve sunlight-driven environmental remediation.

Due to the low intensity of sunlight, it is a great challenge to realize highly efficient sunlight-driven photocatalysis. To maximize the utilization of sunlight, increasing the light capturing ability of photocatalysts is a prerequisite to attain high catalytic performances. Due to the multiple reflections of light in the hierarchical nanostructures, constructing hierarchical nanostructured surface should boost the sunlight capturing ability of a photocatalyst.

Quantifying the distribution and origins of aerosol zinc across the Northern Hemisphere using stable zinc isotopes: A review.

Quantitatively assessing the origins of aerosol zinc (Zn) is crucial for understanding of the global atmospheric Zn cycle and for formulating targeted policies to mitigate anthropogenic Zn emissions. Zn isotope ratios (denoted as δ⁶⁶Zn) serve as powerful tools for constraining the origins of aerosol Zn. This review comprehensively compiles an δ⁶⁶Zn (relative to Lyon JMC Zn standard) dataset (n = 207) for multi-sized aerosols observed exclusively in the Northern Hemisphere, encompassing diverse atmospheric environments, including urban areas and remote deserts, glacier, and ocean.

Effects of exogenous mineral silicon on physiological characteristics and arsenic uptake and transport in rice.

Soil arsenic (As) contamination poses a significant threat to food security and human health. Diatomaceous earth (DE) as a representative exogenous mineral silicon can effectively regulate the migration and transformation of As in the soil-rice system. However, the mechanisms underlying the effects of DE application on As uptake, translocation, and stress regulation in rice remain unclear.

Deciphering the effects of long-term exposure to conventional and biodegradable microplastics on the soil microbiome.

Despite recent advances in the understanding of the impacts of microplastics (MPs) on the soil microbiome under short-term exposure, little information is known regarding the long-term ecological effects of MPs in soil, especially biodegradable MPs (BMPs). Here, we systematically compared the effects of four prevalent microplastics, including two conventional MPs (CMPs) and two BMPs, on the soil microbiome over short- and long-term exposure durations. The soil microbial community were not significantly affected by the MP addition under short-term exposure; however, the soil microbial composition was obviously impacted by MP exposure under long-term exposure, some MP-adapted microbes (e.

High performance persistent organic pollutants removal using stabilized enzyme aggregates over amino functionalized magnetic biochar.

Herein, a highly efficient and recyclable biocatalyst was developed using stabilized enzyme aggregates on amino-functionalized magnetic biochar for removing persistent organic pollutants from water. The biochar derived from biomass featured abundant hydroxyl functional groups, after functionalization with amino functional groups and magnetic nanoparticles, it was employed for laccase immobilization via enzyme electrostatic adsorption, precipitation and cross-linking in a favorable orientation. This immobilized enzyme aggregates exhibited enhanced pH tolerance, thermal and storage stability than free enzyme.

Unraveling stress responses of microalgal-bacterial granular sludge when treating ciprofloxacin-laden wastewater.

Unraveling the potential of microalgal-bacterial granular sludge (MBGS) technology for sustainable treatment of ciprofloxacin (CIP)-laden wastewater and mitigation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) remains limited. This study evaluated the performance of bacterial granular sludge (BGS) and MBGS systems in terms of nutrient and CIP removal, granular stability, and ARG attenuation under long-term exposure to CIP for the first time. While both systems achieved effective pollutant removal at low CIP concentrations (0.

Occurrence, sources, and risks of microplastics in agricultural soils of Weishan Irrigation District in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, China.

Microplastics (MPs) have been widely detected in the soil environment. The Weishan Irrigation District is the largest irrigation area in the lower reaches of the Yellow River. However, little is known about MP pollution levels in the soils of this area.

Functionalization of slow-release fertilizers and "passive predation microplastics" mechanism for polylactic acid composites.

The large-scale use of nonrenewable plastic mulch has resulted in serious agricultural health pollution. Biobased plastic materials with degradable properties offer attractive sustainable alternatives, but the shortcomings of their properties are slow degradation and extremely monofunctional, making their full-scale promotion still challenging. This work proposes a novel functionalized strategy for the multifunctionality empowerment of bio-based PLA materials for environmental protection and crop yield enhancement.

Environmental concentration of the quaternary ammonium disinfectant benzalkonium chloride strongly induces resistance gene profiles in fish.

Disinfectants are non-antibiotic biocides that have been used extensively in daily life, particularly since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, their effect on drug resistance has not received sufficient attention. Here, marine medaka were subjected to an environmental concentration (10 μg/L) of benzalkonium chloride (BAC), sulfamethazine (SMZ), and their combination, aiming to elucidate their contributions to antibiotic resistance.

Low temperature, high salinity depuration enhances Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) lipid nutrition during anhydrous living-preservation: Lipidomic insights based on RPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS.

Using UHPLC-HRMS-based lipidomics, this study investigated lipid nutrition in Pacific oysters (C. gigas) under two depuration conditions-normal temperature and salinity (N group) and low temperature with high salinity (S group)-during a five-day anhydrous living-preservation period. Quantitative analysis of 927 lipid molecular species across 13 classes revealed that oysters in the S group retained higher levels of glycerolipids, phospholipids, and functional fatty acids (DHA, EPA, and AA) after preservation.

Effect of pectic polysaccharides from fresh passion fruit (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa L.) peel on physicochemical, texture and sensory properties of low-fat yoghurt.

This study explored the effects of pectic polysaccharide (PFP-T) obtained from passion fruit peel by three-phase partitioning on physicochemical, textural and sensory properties of low-fat yoghurt, compared with citrus pectin (CP). The results indicate that addition of PFP-T and CP both improved the fermentation rate, water holding capacity, texture, and rheological properties of low-fat yoghurt. Especially, 0.