Antibiotic prescription in pediatric patients with influenza in outpatient and emergency departments: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Influenza is a common viral respiratory infection, and inappropriate antibiotic use may lead to increased drug resistance and unnecessary waste of healthcare resources. However, real-world antibiotic prescribing in pediatric influenza patients remains largely unknown in China.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of outpatient and emergency department prescriptions in a tertiary children's hospital for pediatric patients diagnosed with influenza between January 1, 2021, and July 31, 2023.

AIE luminogens based on 9, 10-dithienylanthracene with a D-A-D structure: Design, synthesis and application in cell imaging.

Three novel D-A-D-structured emitters derived from 9, 10-dithienylanthracene derivatives (DTAs) were synthesized and characterized. These DTAs consist of substituted 9-phenyl-9H-carbazole (BPCB-DTA), triphenylamine (BTPA-DTA) and N, N-dimethylaniline (BDMA-DTA) as donor units, with the phenylacetonitrile group serving as the acceptor. The impact of steric hindrance and electronic effect of the substituents on the optical properties has been thoroughly discussed.

Rapid diagnosis of lung cancer by multi-modal spectral data combined with deep learning.

Lung cancer is a malignant tumor that poses a serious threat to human health. Existing lung cancer diagnostic techniques face the challenges of high cost and slow diagnosis. Early and rapid diagnosis and treatment are essential to improve the outcome of lung cancer.

Preparation of the conjugated hypercrosslinked polymers containing phenylenediamine and phenylenetriamine derivatives for fluorescent sensing of three nitrophenols.

Hypercrosslinked polymers (HCPs) are the most promising porous organic polymers for large-scale production due to their easy preparation, extensive raw material source, good stability, and large specific surface area. However, due to the lack of extended conjugability, their application in fluorescence sensing is limited. Herein, three conjugated hypercrosslinked polymers (the conjugated HCPs: TPPDA-DMB, TDPAB-DMB, and MTDAB-DMB) were easily prepared by the Friedel-Craft arylation reactions with phenylenediamine or phenylenetriamine derivatives and p-dimethoxybenzene (DMB).

An efficient circularly polarized luminescence probe base on anthryl-modified Eu(III)-helicates for the detection and imaging singlet oxygen in living cells.

Singlet oxygen (O) is the main active ingredient in photodynamic therapy (PDT). However, an excess O can cause unnecessary toxicity. Therefore, it is of great importance to develop reliable and sensitive methods or probes for detecting O in biological systems.

Development and validation of an interpretable machine learning model for predicting in-hospital mortality for ischemic stroke patients in ICU.

Background: Timely and accurate outcome prediction is essential for clinical decision-making for ischemic stroke patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). However, the interpretation and translation of predictive models into clinical applications are equally crucial. This study aims to develop an interpretable machine learning (IML) model that effectively predicts in-hospital mortality for ischemic stroke patients.

Predictive value of machine learning for in-hospital mortality risk in acute myocardial infarction: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Machine learning (ML) models have been constructed to predict the risk of in-hospital mortality in patients with myocardial infarction (MI). Due to diverse ML models and modeling variables, along with the significant imbalance in data, the predictive accuracy of these models remains controversial.

Objective: This study aimed to review the accuracy of ML in predicting in-hospital mortality risk in MI patients and to provide evidence-based advices for the development or updating of clinical tools.

Magnetic cationic covalent organic framework for efficient enrichment and detection of phenolic endocrine disruptors in foodstuffs.

Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) have received significant attention in the food field due to their potential health risks. Herein, we proposed a novel core-shell structure magnetic cationic covalent organic framework (EB-DHTA-iCOF@FeO) designed for the efficient enrichment of trace-level EDCs in foodstuffs and analyzed using HPLC-MS/MS. Due to the phenolic EDCs structure possessing hydroxyl functional groups which become protonated under alkaline conditions, resulting in the formation of negatively charged anions.

Ovarian expression of functional MTTP and apoB for VLDL assembly and secretion in chickens.

In mammals, tissues other than liver and intestine are known to possess functional MTTP (microsomal triglyceride transfer protein) and apoB (apolipoprotein B) capable of VLDL (very low-density lipoprotein) assembly. Birds are oviparous and possess unique capabilities in lipid biology to accommodate yolk formation through massive deposition of hepatically assembled yolk-targeted VLDLy into ovarian follicles. Following identifications of MTTP and ApoB expression within chicken ovarian stroma, granulosa, theca, and epithelial cells of various classes of follicles, we sought to define the functionality of ovarian MTTP and ApoB in VLDL assembly.

Effects of chili meal supplementation on productive performance, intestinal health, and liver lipid metabolism of laying hens fed low-protein diets.

This study aimed to explore the effects of chili meal (CM), a by-product of chili pepper oil extraction, on the productive performance, intestinal health, and lipid metabolism of laying hens fed low-protein (LP) diets. A total of 384 Hy-Line brown laying hens (32 weeks old) were divided into six groups: control (CON) diet with 16.5 % crude protein (CP), LP diet with 15 % CP, and LP diets supplemented with 3 %, 5 %, 7 %, and 9 % CM.

Growth patterns and heat tolerance analysis of dwarf chicken with frizzled feather.

Chickens are covered with feathers, lack sweat glands, and are sensitive to the thermal environment. Previously, our group bred a novel dwarf chicken strain with frizzled feather, named as dwarf chicken with frizzled feather (DFC). The cumulative growth of the chicken body weight and size were analyzed with 3 mathematical models.

Lactobacillus reuteri alleviates diquat induced hepatic impairment and mitochondrial dysfunction via activation of the Nrf2 antioxidant system and suppression of NF-κB inflammatory response.

Accumulating evidence has shown that elevated oxidative stress and inflammatory response leads to hepatic impairment and dysfunction of hens during the aging process. This study was conducted to investigate the potential regulatory mechanisms of Lactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri) in alleviating hepatic oxidative stress and dysfunction induced by diquat (DQ) exposure.

Dietary Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product improved egg quality by modulating intestinal health, ovarian function, and cecal microbiota in post-peak laying hens.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product (SCFP), a postbiotic feed additive, has potential to improve animal growth and productivity. However, its effects on post-peak laying hens have not been thoroughly investigated. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the effects of SCFP on production, egg quality, intestinal health, ovarian function, and cecal microbiota in post-peak laying hens.

LncRNA A2ml2 inhibits fatty liver hemorrhage syndrome progression and function as ceRNA to target LPL by sponging miR-143-5p.

Fatty liver hemorrhage syndrome (FLHS) is the most common metabolic diseases in laying hens during the late-laying period, and it causes a significant economic burden on the poultry industry. The competing endogenous RNA plays crucial roles in the occurrence and development of fatty liver. Based on the previously constructed lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks, we selected the axis of ENSGALT00000079786-LPL-miR-143-5p for further study to elucidate its mechanistic role in development of fatty liver.

Thermal Inactivation of Salmonella Surrogate, Enterococcus faecium, in mash broiler feed pelleted in a university pilot feed mill: Microbiology and Food Safety Section.

This study evaluated the thermal inactivation kinetic parameters of a Salmonella surrogate Enterococcus faecium (E. faecium) during feed manufacture in a university pilot feed mill setting. A batch of 227 kg mash broiler feed was pelleted after being inoculated with 1,000 mL of nalidixic acid (NaL) resistant E.

A multifunctional semi-interpenetrating polymer network hydrogel dressing for wound healing.

Hydrogels have exhibited significant application potential in the field of new wound dressings due to their unique physicochemical properties and biological functions. However, traditional hydrogels possess limitations regarding mechanical properties, adhesion, and the promotion of wound healing. Herein, a multifunctional polyvinyl alcohol-tannic acid/polyacrylamide-polydopamine (PVA-TA/PAM-PDA) hydrogels are developed.

Near-infrared light triggered bio-inspired enhanced natural silk fibroin nanofiber composite scaffold for photothermal therapy of periodontitis.

Periodontitis is one of the major oral health issues worldwide, with significant impacts on oral health and patients's quality of life, but current therapies have not achieved optimal regeneration of periodontal tissue. This study developed scaffolds using natural tussah silk fibroin (TSF) cross-linked with regenerated silk fibroin (SF) nanofibers to improve mechanical properties and wet-state stability. Zinc oxide (ZnO) and polydopamine (PDA) composite nanoparticles were loaded into scaffold to impart its antibacterial and photothermal properties to construct a photo-responsive composite scaffold (ZnO/PDA/TSF-SF).

Residential greenness, air pollution, genetic predisposition and the risk of lung cancer.

Background: Growing evidence suggests that greenness is associated with multiple health outcomes, but its association with lung cancer risk remains limited and far from consistent. In particular, it is unclear whether this association varies across different types of lung cancer and whether it is influenced by factors such as genetics, air pollution, and physical activity.

Method: This prospective cohort study included 425108 participants aged 37-73 years from the UK Biobank.

Exogenous proline enhances salt acclimation in soybean seedlings: Modifying physicochemical properties and controlling proline metabolism through the ornithine-glutamate dual pathway.

Soil salinization has emerged as a major factor negatively affecting soil quality and plant productivity. Proline, functioning as an osmotic regulator, has been proposed as an effective strategy for enhancing plant tolerance to salt stress. This study aimed to investigate the effects of exogenous proline on salt tolerance in soybeans.

Establishment and application of a rapid method for the determination of both total and unbound anlotinib concentrations by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

The unbound concentration of anlotinib is closely associated with its therapeutic efficacy and adverse reactions. In this study, we established an accurate and rapid liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the detection of total and unbound concentrations of anlotinib, which was subsequently applied to clinical samples. The separation of unbound and protein-bound anlotinib was achieved through filtration-ultrafiltration (CF-UF).

ADAMT: Adaptive distributed multi-task learning for efficient image recognition in Mobile Ad-hoc Networks.

Distributed machine learning in mobile adhoc networks faces significant challenges due to the limited computational resources of devices, non-IID data distribution, and dynamic network topology. Existing approaches often rely on centralized coordination and stable network conditions, which may not be feasible in practice. To address these issues, we propose an adaptive distributed multi-task learning framework called ADAMT for efficient image recognition in resource-constrained mobile ad hoc networks.

Exponential stability of infinite-dimensional impulsive stochastic systems with Poisson jumps under aperiodically intermittent control.

This paper studies the problem of mean square exponential stability (ES) for a class of impulsive stochastic infinite-dimensional systems with Poisson jumps (ISIDSP) using aperiodically intermittent control (AIC). It provides a detailed analysis of impulsive disturbances, and the related inequalities are given for the two cases when the impulse perturbation occurs at the start time points of the control and rest intervals or non-startpoints, respectively. Additionally, in virtue of Yosida approximating systems, combining with the Lyapunov method, graph theory and the above inequalities, criteria for ES of the above impulsive stochastic infinite-dimensional systems are established under AIC for these two perturbation scenarios.

Comparison of clinical symptoms and symptom structure across different onset ages in schizophrenia inpatients.

Objective: This study aimed to explore differences in clinical symptom profiles and symptom network structures of inpatients with schizophrenia among early-onset schizophrenia (EOS), typical-onset schizophrenia (TOS), and late-onset schizophrenia (LOS) patients.

Methods: Symptom severity was assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) in 654 EOS, 1664 TOS, and 369 LOS inpatients with schizophrenia from an open dataset. Symptom severity comparisons were conducted among the three age of onset groups.

Unveiling distinct representations of P3a in schizophrenia through two-stimulus and three-stimulus auditory oddball paradigms.

Background: P3a event-related potential (ERP) is considered a potential biomarker for schizophrenia (SZ), can be elicited through both passive two-stimulus and active three-stimulus auditory oddball paradigms. While both types of P3a reflect involuntary attention shifts, the nuanced understanding of what P3a represents in different contexts is important and rarely studied. This study aims to examine correlations between P3a ERPs elicited from different paradigms and associations of each P3a with cognitive function, clinical symptoms, and antipsychotic medication.

Routinely available inflammation biomarkers to predict stroke and mortality in atrial fibrillation.

Background: This study aimed to assess the predictive value of 7 routinely available inflammation biomarkers for stroke and all-cause mortality in 229 non-valvular AF patients.

Methods And Results: C-reactive protein, Albumin (ALB), d-dimer, fibrinogen, the number of platelets, lymphocytes, monocyte and neutrophils were measured. The Multivariable Cox proportional hazard model was used to assess the predictive value of the inflammation biomarkers for stroke and all-cause mortality, the c-statistic, Net Reclassification Improvement (NRI), and Integrated Discrimination Improvement (IDI) were calculated.