Intermittent oro-esophageal tube feeding for cerebral small vessel disease patients with dysphagia: A randomized controlled study.

Objectives: This study reported the clinical effect of intermittent oro-esophageal tube feeding (IOE) versus nasogastric tube feeding (NGT) on cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) patients with dysphagia.

Methods: This randomized controlled study included 60 CSVD patients with dysphagia who received routine treatment. Participants were randomly divided into the intervention group (with IOE, n = 30) and the control group (with NGT, n = 30).

Comprehensive approaches to heavy metal bioremediation: Integrating microbial insights and genetic innovations.

The increasing contamination of ecosystems with heavy metals (HMs) due to industrial activities raises significant jeopardies to environmental health and human well-being. Addressing this issue, recent advances in the field of bioremediation have highlighted the potential of plant-associated microbiomes and genetically engineered organisms (GEOs) to mitigate HMs pollution. This review explores recent advancements in bioremediation strategies for HMs detoxification, with particular attention to omics technologies such as metagenomics, metabolomics, and metaproteomics in deepening the understanding of microbial interactions and their potential for neutralizing HMs.

Experimental study on hydrophysical properties and slope planting of ecological composite material solidified loess.

The construction of engineering projects in the Chinese Loess Plateau has resulted in large areas of exposed slopes, increasing the risk of soil erosion. Restoring the slope ecosystem is an effective means to reduce soil erosion, prevent soil and water loss, and maintain slope stability. Ecological slope protection using bio-gum solidified fiber-reinforced loess (GFSL) has been proven to achieve good vegetation restoration effects, but there remains a problem of low vegetation coverage in the early stage of protection.

Optimizing a link-based travel incentive scheme integrating personal carbon trading for low-carbon commuting.

The pressing need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and optimize traffic demand underlines the importance of effective travel demand management. Previous studies have explored budget-based and aggregated incentive programs, which diminish a heavy financial burden on governments and tend to be limited in contributing to effective behavior change in practice due to budget issues. This study proposes a personal carbon trading travel incentive (PCTTI) mechanism, to encourage private car commuters using low-carbon travel routes.

The effects of the 2022 computed tomography IV contrast shortage on the emergency department diagnosis of abdominal pathology.

Background: A COVID-19 lockdown in China resulted in a global disruption in IV contrast media production, which resulted in a hospital system advisory limiting contrast studies. The purpose of this study was to describe the effects of the IV contrast shortage on the ED diagnosis of emergent abdominopelvic pathology.

Methods: This was a retrospective multi-center study performed across six EDs.

TIMAR: Transition-informed representation for sample-efficient multi-agent reinforcement learning.

In MARL (Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning), the trial-and-error learning paradigm based on multiple agents requires massive interactions to produce training samples, significantly increasing both the training cost and difficulty. Therefore, enhancing data efficiency is a core issue in MARL. However, in the context of MARL, agent partially observed information leads to a lack of consideration for agent interactions and coordination from an ego perspective under the world model, which becomes the main obstacle to improving the data efficiency of current proposed MARL methods.

Structure characterization and preliminary immune activity of a glucomannan purified from Allii Tuberosi Semen.

A novel glucomannan, named ATSW-1, was obtained from Allii Tuberosi Semen by ion and gel permeation chromatography purification. Its structure was characterized using high-performance chromatography, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The in vitro immune activities of ATSW-1 were examined using the Cell Counting Kit-8, the neutral red phagocytosis assay, and the secretion of related cytokines.

Single-incision Laparoscopic Surgery for Neonatal Congenital Duodenal Obstruction: A Retrospective Study of 130 Patients.

Objectives: This study sought to assess the advantages of utilizing the single-incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS) procedure for repairing neonatal congenital duodenal obstruction (CDO) in terms of clinical outcomes and complication rates.

Methods: In a retrospective cohort study conducted at a single center, neonates with CDO who underwent SILS were compared to those who underwent conventional laparoscopic surgery (CLS) between January 2018 and December 2022. The demographic and operative characteristics of CDO patients who underwent SILS or CLS were analyzed, including conversion rates and postoperative complications.

Bimetallic nanoreactor mediates cascade amplification of oxidative stress for complementary chemodynamic-immunotherapy of tumor.

As a promising tumor treatment, chemodynamic therapy (CDT) can specifically catalyze HO into the cytotoxic hydroxyl radical (·OH) via Fenton/Fenton-like reaction. However, the limited HO and weakly acidic pH in tumor microenvironment (TME) would severely restrict the therapeutic efficiency of CDT. Here, a weakly acid activated, HO self-supplied, hyaluronic acid (HA)-functionalized Ce/Cu bimetallic nanoreactor (CBPNs@HA) is elaborately designed for complementary chemodynamic-immunotherapy.

Navigation-assisted endoscopic U-flap technique and steroid-eluting stent for choanal atresia repair.

Objectives: Surgery is the only treatment for congenital choanal atresia (CCA). It is crucial to avoid postoperative restenosis or re-occlusion of the neo-choana. This study investigated the efficacy of a navigation-assisted endoscopic endonasal U-flap technique and a bioabsorbable steroid-eluting stent for CCA repair.

Quantifying spatial inequities in traffic injury rates through the integration of urban road network measures and social vulnerability.

Mitigating traffic injury rate plays an essential role in sustainable urban development and is closely related to public health and human well-being. The inequity of traffic injury rate undermines equitable access to transportation infrastructure and poses a significant threat to the safety of residents during their commutes. Although previous studies have examined the association between socio-demographic characteristics and regional traffic crash risk, they seldom consider the spatial heterogeneity of the traffic injury rate inequity especially for the vulnerable groups.

Triptolide alleviates allergic airway inflammation by inhibiting group 2 innate lymphoid cell function.

Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) produce the type 2 cytokines IL-5 and IL-13 and contribute to type 2 immune responses, such as allergic airway inflammation. However, specific drugs, especially traditional Chinese medicines, that target lung ILC2s have rarely been reported. Here, we demonstrate that triptolide ameliorates allergic airway inflammation by suppressing ILC2 activation.

Fraxetin attenuates DNA damage and inflammation in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity via FoxO1 activation.

Background: Cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (CKI) represents a severe renal dysfunction characterized by DNA damage and tubular injury. Fraxetin, derived from the Chinese herb Qinpi (Fraxinus bungeana A.DOC), is recognized for its neuroprotective effects and has been used for the prevention of various diseases.

Beclin1 regulates yak endometrial inflammation and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway through autophagy/non-autophagy function.

Beclin1 is an autophagy related factor, and it is capable of mediating non-autophagy functions, too. Yak endometritis represents a significant obstetric ailment that impedes the normal breeding process. The current understanding of the beclin1 effect on endometrial inflammation in yak remains limited.

CeF-Accelerated surface reconstruction of MoO nanosheets into coral-like CeF/MoO composites enhances the oxygen evolution reaction for efficient water splitting.

Developing efficient and cost-effective rare earth element-based electrocatalysts for water splitting remains a significant challenge. To address this, interface engineering and charge modulation strategies were employed to create a three-dimensional coral-like CeF/MoO heterostructure electrocatalyst, grown in situ on the multistage porous channels of carbonized sugarcane fiber (CSF). Integrating abundant CeF/MoO heterostructure interfaces and numerous oxygen vacancy defects significantly enhanced the catalyst's active sites and molecular activation capabilities.

Structure-activity relationship of small organic molecule functionalized Bi-based heterogeneous catalysts for electrocatalytic reduction of CO to formate.

Ligand engineering has proven to be an effective strategy for tuning and controlling the microenvironment of coordinated metal centers, highlighting the critical bridge between the activity and structural features of catalysts during electrocatalytic CO reduction reactions (eCORR). However, the limited availability of diverse organic ligands has hindered the development of novel high-performing electrocatalysts. In contrast, small organic molecules have been widely used in the fabrication of metal complexes due to their well-defined functionalities, low cost, and easy accessibility.

CRISPR/Cas14a integrated with DNA walker based on magnetic self-assembly for human papillomavirus type 16 oncoprotein E7 ultrasensitive detection.

To enhance the biomarker diagnostics sensitivity and selectivity of human papillomavirus type 16 oncoprotein E7 (HPV16 E7) in serum, a label/enzyme-free electrochemical detection platform was developed. This platform featured a type of "Super-turn-off" nanobiosensor monitored through differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). It integrated the magnetic self-assembly property of the α-FeO/FeO@Au/Sub/BSA signal transport nano-medium with the high specificity of CRISPR/Cas14a and the amplification capability of the bipedal walker (DNA walker composed of two ssDNA strands), resulting in the enhanced specificity and anti-interference performance while remaining stable at 4 °C for over 30 days.

Single-electrode electrochemiluminescence immunosensor for multiplex detection of Aquaporin-4 antibody using metal-organic gels as coreactant.

Reliable detection of Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibodies is crucial for diagnosing Neuromyelitis Optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). However, cell-based assays, the most reliable approach, are limited by inadequate instruments. This study reports the use of silver metal-organic gels (Ag-MOGs) as coreactants in a single-electrode electrochemical system (SEES)-based electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunosensor for multiplex detection of AQP4 antibodies.

Ultrasensitive platform for the determination of biothiols using aggregation-induced emission of gold-cysteine nanosheets.

Highly ordered ultrathin nanosheets (NSs) of Au(I)-Cys were fabricated through aggregation-induced supramolecular self-assembly triggered by an extended agitation in an alkaline environment. The synthesized Au(I)-Cys NSs exhibited intense luminescence and exceptional chirality. Remarkably, additions of biothiols to Au(I)-Cys NSs have significantly enhanced their luminescence emission, and circular dichroism properties coupled with morphological modulations into nanoflowers, nanodendrites, or closely packed aggregates.

Ultrasensitive dual-mode biosensor for photoelectrochemical and differential pulse voltammetry detection of thrombin based on DNA self-assembly.

Abnormal levels of thrombin may be associated with various diseases, such as thrombosis and hemorrhagic diseases, making precise detection of thrombin particularly important. Dual signal detection is a method that enhances detection sensitivity and specificity by simultaneously utilizing two different signals. Its primary advantages include improving detection accuracy and reducing false positive rates, making it particularly suitable for clinical analysis and diagnostics.

Influence of sewage sludge compost on heavy metals in abandoned mine land reclamation: A large-scale field study for three years.

Using sewage sludge compost (SSC) for abandoned mine land reclamation supports ecological sustainability, but the environmental behavior of heavy metals in this process lacks systematic field validation. Here we analyzed the dynamic changes in heavy metal composition in topsoil, surface runoff, and subsurface infiltration after large-scale reclamation. Results show that SSC application promoted plant growth by 2-4 times, enhanced the physicochemical structure of the topsoil, and increased the levels of organic matter and inorganic nutrients.

Exposure to 6PPD-Q induces dysfunctions of ovarian granulosa cells: Its potential role in PCOS.

N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine-quinone (6PPD-Q), an environmental pollutant derived from the ozonolysis of the widely used tire rubber antioxidant 6PPD, has been found to accumulate in air, dust, and water, posing significant health risks. While its reproductive toxicity in male organisms has been established, its effects on female reproductive health remain unclear. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a common endocrine disorder in premenopausal women, is known to be influenced by environmental pollutants.

Water-soluble carboxymethyl chitosan and rhamnolipids promote the remediation of Cd-contaminated soil by mediating the growth of Hylotelephium spectabile and regulating the rhizospheric ecological environment.

The application of biodegradable chelating agents in phytoremediation is a promising approach. This study aimed to investigate the effects and roles of underlying mechanisms of water-soluble carboxymethyl chitosan (WSCC) and rhamnolipids (RLs) on the remediation of Cd-contaminated soil by Hylotelephium spectabile. WSCC and RLs mediated the growth of H.

Long-term exposure to Emamectin benzoate impairs reproductive health in adult zebrafish and alters neurodevelopment in their offspring.

Emamectin benzoate (EMB) is a widely used insecticide that can accumulate in aquatic environments under specific conditions of high application intensity or improper management, posing potential risks to aquatic organisms and human health. This study aimed to evaluate the reproductive toxicity of long-term EMB exposure in zebrafish (Danio rerio) and neurodevelopmental toxicity in their offspring. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to various concentrations of EMB (0, 0.