Enhancing organic cathodes of aqueous zinc-ion batteries nitro group modification.

Organic compounds present promising options for sustainable zinc battery electrodes. Nevertheless, the electrochemical properties of current organic electrodes still lag behind those of their inorganic counterparts. In this study, nitro groups were incorporated into pyrene-4, 5, 9, 10-tetraone (PTO), resulting in an elevated discharge voltage due to their strong electron-withdrawing capabilities.

Precise photorelease in living cells by high-viscosity activatable coumarin-based photocages.

Intracellular viscosity is a critical microenvironmental factor in various biological systems, and its abnormal increase is closely linked to the progression of many diseases. Therefore, precisely controlling the release of bioactive molecules in high-viscosity regions is vital for understanding disease mechanisms and advancing their diagnosis and treatment. However, viscosity alone cannot directly trigger chemical reactions.

A Zn-doped SbTe flexible thin film with decoupled Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity band engineering.

SbTe-based flexible thin films can be utilized in the fabrication of self-powered wearable devices due to their huge potential in thermoelectric performance. Although doping can significantly enhance the power factor value, the process of identifying suitable dopants is typically accompanied by numerous repeating experiments. Herein, we introduce Zn doping into thermally diffused p-type SbTe flexible thin films with a candidate dopant validated using the first-principles calculations.

Case report: Movement-related neuroplasticity in a patient after spinal cord injury in response to task-oriented bimanual training.

Background: Bimanual motor training is an effective neurological rehabilitation strategy. However, its use has rarely been investigated in patients with paralysis caused by spinal cord injury (SCI). Therefore, we conducted a case study to investigate the effects of robot-assisted task-oriented bimanual training (RBMT) on upper limb function, activities of daily living, and movement-related sensorimotor activity in a patient with SCI.

Gut Microbiome and Metabolome Changes in Chronic Low Back Pain Patients With Vertebral Bone Marrow Lesions.

Background: Chronic low back pain (LBP) is a significant global health concern, often linked to vertebral bone marrow lesions (BML), particularly fatty replacement (FR). This study aims to explore the relationship between the gut microbiome, serum metabolome, and FR in chronic LBP patients.

Methods: Serum metabolomic profiling and gut microbiome analysis were conducted in chronic LBP patients with and without FR (LBP + FR,  = 40; LBP,  = 40) and Healthy Controls (HC,  = 31).

Analyzing the Effectiveness of Different Delivery Methods for Remineralization Agents in Pediatric Dental Health: A Systematic Review.

Pediatric dental health is critically impacted by enamel demineralization and early-stage caries, with remineralization therapies playing a vital role in preventing progression. This systematic review evaluates the effectiveness of various delivery methods for remineralization agents in pediatric patients aged 3-15 years, focusing on varnishes, gels, foams, and sprays. Studies were included if they were randomized controlled trials (RCTs), cohort studies, or case-control studies involving pediatric patients with early-stage caries or enamel demineralization, while studies with non-pediatric populations, unrelated treatments, or significant methodological flaws were excluded.

Effects of chili straw on rumen fermentation, meat quality, amino acid and fatty acid contents, and rumen bacteria diversity in sheep.

Crop residues have shown promise as non-conventional feed sources to enhance animal health and growth. This study evaluated the effects of chili straw (CS) on rumen fermentation, meat quality, amino and fatty acid composition, and rumen microbial diversity in sheep. Fifty F1 Dorper×Hu lambs (29.

Establishment and maturation of gut microbiota in White King pigeon squabs: role of pigeon milk.

Background: Pigeons are significant economic animals in China; however, research regarding the establishment and influencing factors of gut microbiota in squabs remains limited. Understanding how the gut microbiota develops in pigeons, particularly in relation to pigeon milk, is importance in pigeon production. This study aims to elucidate the establishment characteristics of the gut microbiota in White King pigeon squabs and explore the role of pigeon milk in this process.

Highly pathogenic bovine viral diarrhea virus BJ-11 unveils genetic evolution related to virulence in calves.

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is the causative agent of bovine viral diarrhea, which causes significant economic loss to the global livestock industry. Despite the widespread use of inactivated BVDV vaccines, highly pathogenic strains continue to emerge. In China, regional variations in BVDV subtypes, morbidities, and symptoms, however, only the BVDV 1a subtype vaccine is currently approved.

Fine-tuning a local LLaMA-3 large language model for automated privacy-preserving physician letter generation in radiation oncology.

Introduction: Generating physician letters is a time-consuming task in daily clinical practice.

Methods: This study investigates local fine-tuning of large language models (LLMs), specifically LLaMA models, for physician letter generation in a privacy-preserving manner within the field of radiation oncology.

Results: Our findings demonstrate that base LLaMA models, without fine-tuning, are inadequate for effectively generating physician letters.

Hyperspectral estimation of chlorophyll density in winter wheat using fractional-order derivative combined with machine learning.

Chlorophyll density (ChD) can reflect the photosynthetic capacity of the winter wheat population, therefore achieving real-time non-destructive monitoring of ChD in winter wheat is of great significance for evaluating the growth status of winter wheat. Derivative preprocessing has a wide range of applications in the hyperspectral monitoring of winter wheat chlorophyll. In order to research the role of fractional-order derivative (FOD) in the hyperspectral monitoring model of ChD, this study based on an irrigation experiment of winter wheat to obtain ChD and canopy hyperspectral reflectance.

Integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics analyses provide new insights into cassava in response to nitrogen deficiency.

Nitrogen deficiency is a key constraint on crop yield. Cassava, the world's sixth-largest food crop and a crucial source of feed and industrial materials, can thrive in marginal soils, yet its yield is still significantly affected by limited nitrogen availability. Investigating cassava's response mechanisms to nitrogen scarcity is therefore essential for advancing molecular breeding and identifying nitrogen-efficient varieties.

Citrus transcription factor CsERF1 is involved in the response to citrus tristeza disease.

Introduction: Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) is a threat to the citrus production and causes severe economic losses to the citrus industry. Ethylene response factors (ERFs) play important roles in plant growth and stress responses. Although ERF genes have been widely studied in model plants, little is known about their role in biological stress responses in fruit trees, such as citrus.

Conservative mechanism through various rapeseed ( L.) varieties respond to heavy metal (Cadmium, Lead, Arsenic) stress.

Introduction: Heavy metal soil pollution is a global issue that can be efficiently tackled through the process of phytoremediation. The use of rapeseed in the phytoremediation of heavy metal-contaminated agricultural land shows great potential. Nevertheless, its ability to tolerate heavy metal stress at the molecular level remains unclear.

Response of the germinable soil seed bank of temperate meadows to mowing regimes.

Mowing is a primary practice in temperate meadows, which are severely degraded due to frequent mowing, overgrazing, and other factors, necessitating restoration and sustainable management. The natural recovery of these grasslands hinges on their germinable soil seed banks, which form the basis for future productivity. Thus, germinable soil seed banks are critical for restoring overexploited meadows.

Utilizing physiologies, transcriptomics, and metabolomics to unravel key genes and metabolites of Bge. seedlings in response to drought stress.

Drought stress inhibits Bunge () seedling growth and yield. Here, we studied the effects of drought stress on the different parts of seedlings through physiological, transcriptomic, and metabolomics analyses, and identified key genes and metabolites related to drought tolerance. Physiological analysis showed that drought stress increased the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (HO), enhanced the activity of peroxidase (POD), decreased the activity of catalase (CAT) and the contents of chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll, reduced the degree of photosynthesis, enhanced oxidative damage in seedlings, and inhibited the growth of plants.

Response mechanism of water status and photosynthetic characteristics of under drought stress and rehydrated conditions.

Introduction: Plant physiology response and adaptation to drought stress has become a hotspot in plant ecology and evolution. possesses high ecological, ornamental and economic benefits. It has large root system and tolerance to cold, drought and poor soil.

transcription factor plays a role in regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis in pear () skin.

The phenylacetone pathway, which encompasses flavonoids, lignin, and other compounds, is of paramount importance in determining the quality of pear fruit. Nevertheless, the precise regulatory functions of R2R3-MYB transcription factors in the metabolic pathways that regulate pear color changes remain unclear. In this study, we isolated an transcription factor from 'Red Zaosu' pears and demonstrated that it influenced the expression of several genes, including , and .

Revisiting the female germline cell development.

The formation of the female germline is the fundamental process in most flowering plants' sexual reproduction. In , only one somatic cell obtains the female germline fate, and this process is regulated by different pathways. Megaspore mother cell (MMC) is the first female germline, and understanding MMC development is essential for comprehending the complex mechanisms of plant reproduction processes.

Effects of feeding different proportions of steam-flaked corn-based starter on growth performance, immunity and serum metabolism of pre-weaned Simmental calves.

Introduction: This study examines the effects of steam-flaked corn starter on pre-weaned Simmental calves' growth, immunity, and metabolism. Despite benefits shown in adult cattle, research on calves is limited. The goal is to optimize calf feeding for better growth, health, and nutrient use.

Impact of microplastics on the human digestive system: From basic to clinical.

As a new type of pollutant, the harm caused by microplastics (MPs) to organisms has been the research focus. Recently, the proportion of MPs ingested through the digestive tract has gradually increased with the popularity of fast-food products, such as takeout. The damage to the digestive system has attracted increasing attention.

polysaccharides alleviate metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease through enhancing hepatocyte RelA/ HNF1α signaling.

Background: polysaccharides (BSP) have antioxidant, immune regulation, and anti-fibrotic activities. However, the therapeutic effect and mechanisms underlying the action of BSP in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) have not been fully understood.

Aim: To investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of BSP on MASLD by centering on the hepatocyte nuclear factor kappa B p65 (RelA)/hepatocyte nuclear factor-1 alpha (HNF1α) signaling.

Machine learning prediction of hepatic encephalopathy for long-term survival after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in acute variceal bleeding.

Background: Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is an effective intervention for managing complications of portal hypertension, particularly acute variceal bleeding (AVB). While effective in reducing portal pressure and preventing rebleeding, TIPS is associated with a considerable risk of overt hepatic encephalopathy (OHE), a complication that significantly elevates mortality rates.

Aim: To develop a machine learning (ML) model to predict OHE occurrence post-TIPS in patients with AVB using a 5-year dataset.