Experiences of patients who retest positive for SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant after discharge: a qualitative study.

Introduction: In this study, we analyzed the psychological aspects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients who were discharged from the hospitals in Shanghai, China, and later had positive nucleic acid retest results for the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant infection (re-positive COVID-19). The purpose was to gain clarity on the patients' needs and to provide evidence for the medical staff to deliver scientific and targeted health care to the patients.

Methodology: We screened patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant infection by nucleic acid testing after having previously recovered from a COVID-19 infection and being discharged from Shanghai shelter hospitals or COVID-19-designated hospitals from April 3, 2022, to May 10, 2022.

Evolutionary dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 variants under strict non-pharmaceutical interventions - a population-based study.

Introduction: China implemented a dynamic zero-COVID strategy to curb viral transmission in response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This strategy was designed to inhibit mutation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus responsible for COVID-19. This study explores the dynamics of viral evolution under stringent non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) through real-world observations.

TRAF1 promotes osteoclastogenesis by enhancing metabolic adaptation to oxidative phosphorylation in an AKT-dependent manner.

Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 1 (TRAF1) is a crucial signaling adaptor involved in multiple cellular events. However, its role in regulating osteoclastogenesis and energy metabolism remains unclear. Here, we report that TRAF1 promotes osteoclastogenesis and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS).

GITRL enhances cytotoxicity and persistence of CAR-T cells in cancer therapy.

CAR T-cell therapy has achieved remarkable clinical success in treating hematological malignancies. However, its clinical efficacy in solid tumors is less satisfactory, partially due to poor in vivo expansion and limited persistence of CAR-T cells. Here, we demonstrated that the overexpression of glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor-related protein ligand (GITRL) enhances the anti-tumor activity of CAR-T cells.

A typical NLR recognizes a family of structurally conserved effectors to confer plant resistance against adapted and non-adapted Phytophthora pathogens.

Plants possess remarkably durable resistance against non-adapted pathogens in nature. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this resistance remain poorly understood, and it is unclear how the resistance is maintained without coevolution between hosts and the non-adapted pathogens. In this study, we used Phytophthora sojae (Ps), a non-adapted pathogen of N.

DNA damage triggers heritable alterations in DNA methylation patterns in Arabidopsis.

It has been hypothesized that DNA damage has the potential to induce DNA hypermethylation, contributing to carcinogenesis in mammals. However, there is no sufficient evidence to support that DNA damage can cause genome-wide DNA hypermethylation. Here, we demonstrated that DNA single-strand breaks with 3'-blocked ends (DNA 3'-blocks) can not only reinforce DNA methylation at normally methylated loci but also can induce DNA methylation at normally nonmethylated loci in plants.

Neonatal Familiar Cleidocranial Dysplasia: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) is a rare (1: 1 000 000) autosomal dominant congenital skeletal dysplasia characterized by widely patent calvarial sutures, clavicular hypoplasia, supernumerary teeth, and short stature. Only a minority of the cases are diagnosed early after birth. We present another case of proven CCD presenting with typical neonatal phenotype to promote awareness of this rare disorder.

Suppression of METTL3 expression attenuated matrix stiffness-induced vaginal fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation and abnormal modulation of the extracellular matrix in pelvic organ prolapse.

Background: Fibrosis of the connective tissue in the vaginal wall predominates in pelvic organ prolapse (POP), which is characterized by excessive fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation and abnormal deposition of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Our study aimed to investigate the effect of ECM stiffness on vaginal fibroblasts and to explore the role of methyltransferase 3 (METTL3) in the development of POP.

Methods: Polyacrylamide hydrogels were applied to create an ECM microenvironment with variable stiffness to evaluate the effects of ECM stiffness on the proliferation, differentiation, and expression of ECM components in vaginal fibroblasts.

Negative association between 15 obesity- and lipid-related indices and testosterone in adult males: a population based cross-sectional study.

Background: An association exists between obesity and reduced testosterone levels in males. The propose of this research is to reveal the correlation between 15 indices linked to obesity and lipid levels with the concentration of serum testosterone, and incidence of testosterone deficiency (TD) among adult American men.

Methods: The study utilized information gathered from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) carried out from 2011 to 2016.

Multiple gene-deletion vaccinia virus Tiantan strain against mpox.

Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is an important zoonotic pathogenic virus, which poses serious threats to public health. MPXV infection can be prevented by immunization against the variola virus. Because of the safety risks and side effects of vaccination with live vaccinia virus (VACV) strain Tian Tan (VTT), we constructed two gene-deleted VTT recombinants (TTVAC7 and TTVC5).

A Nomogram utilizing ECG P-wave parameters to predict recurrence risk following catheter ablation in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation.

Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the predictive utility of perioperative P-wave parameters in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) undergoing catheter ablation, and to develop a predictive model using these parameters.

Methods: A total of 213 patients with PAF undergoing catheter ablation were retrospectively analyzed. P-wave parameters were measured within 3 days preoperatively and on the day postoperatively to determine their predictive significance for postoperative PAF recurrence.

Sperm DNA fragmentation index: limited effectiveness on predicting embryo quality in assisted reproduction technology treatments.

Purpose: Prior sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) thresholds for diagnosing male infertility and predicting assisted reproduction technology (ART) outcomes fluctuated between 15 and 30%, with no agreed standard. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the sperm DFI on early embryonic development during ART treatments and establish appropriate DFI cut-off values.

Methods: Retrospectively analyzed 913 couple's ART cycles from 2021 to 2022, encompassing 1,476 IVF and 295 ICSI cycles, following strict criteria.

Association between the hemoglobin A1c/High-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and stroke incidence: a prospective nationwide cohort study in China.

Background: Stroke has emerged as an escalating public health challenge among middle-aged and older individuals in China, closely linked to glycolipid metabolic abnormalities. The Hemoglobin A1c/High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HbA1c/HDL-C) ratio, an integrated marker of glycolipid homeostasis, may serve as a novel predictor of stroke risk.

Methods: Our investigation utilized data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study cohort (2011-2018).

The effects of unified pooling arrangement on health inequity in China: a DID-RIF approach.

Background: To address the health inequity caused by decentralized management, China has introduced a provincial pooling system for urban employees' basic medical insurance. This paper proposes a research framework to evaluate similar policies in different contexts. This paper adopts a mixed-methods approach to more comprehensively and precisely capture the causal effects of the policy.

Repression of PFKFB3 sensitizes ovarian cancer to PARP inhibitors by impairing homologous recombination repair.

Background: Ovarian cancer (OC), particularly high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC), is the leading cause of mortality from gynecological malignancies worldwide. Despite the initial effectiveness of treatment, acquired resistance to poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPis) represents a major challenge for the clinical management of HGSOC, highlighting the necessity for the development of novel therapeutic strategies. This study investigated the role of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3), a pivotal regulator of glycolysis, in PARPi resistance and explored its potential as a therapeutic target to overcome PARPi resistance.

Loss of flavonoids homeostasis leads to pistillody in sua-CMS of Nicotiana tabacum.

The homeotic transformation of stamens into pistil-like structures (pistillody) causes cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS). This phenomenon is widely present in plants, and might be induced by intracellular communication (mitochondrial retrograde signaling), but its systemic regulating mechanism is still unclear. In this study, morphological observation showed that the stamens transformed into pistil-like structures, leading to flat and dehiscent pistils, and fruit set decrease in sua-CMS (MS K326, somatic fusion between Nicotiana.

Delineation of reduced CTV2 on the basis of the characteristics and distribution of cervical lymph node metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Introduction: The core objective of this study was to precisely locate metastatic lymph nodes, identify potential areas in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients that may not require radiotherapy, and propose a hypothesis for reduced target volume radiotherapy on the basis of these findings. Ultimately, we reassessed the differences in dosimetry of organs at risk (OARs) between reduced target volume (reduced CTV2) radiotherapy and standard radiotherapy.

Methods And Materials: A total of 209 patients participated in the study.

Correlations between spinopelvic parameters and health-related quality of life in degenerative lumbar scoliosis patients before and after long -level fusion surgery.

Background: For degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DLS), prior studies mainly focused on the preoperative relationship between spinopelvic parameters and health-related quality of life (HRQoL), lacking an exhaustive evaluation of the postoperative situation. Therefore, the postoperative parameters most closely bonded with clinical outcomes has not yet been well-defined in DLS patients. The objective of this study was to comprehensively assess the correlation between radiographic parameters and HRQoL before and after surgery, and to identified the most valuable spinopelvic parameters for postoperative curative effect.

Reverse-engineering the FLT3-PI3K/AKT axis to enhance TILs function and improve prognosis in ovarian and cervical cancers.

Background: Ovarian cancers (OC) and cervical cancers (CC) have poor survival rates. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) play a pivotal role in prognosis, but shared immune mechanisms remain elusive.

Methods: We integrated single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and spatial transcriptomics (ST) to explore immune regulation in OC and CC, focusing on the PI3K/AKT pathway and FLT3 as key modulators.

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and short-term mortality in patients having anti-MDA5-positive dermatomyositis with interstitial lung disease: a retrospective study.

Background: In this study, we aimed to explore the association between baseline and early changes in the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the 30-day mortality rate in patients having anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5)-positive dermatomyositis with interstitial lung disease (DM-ILD).

Methods: Overall, 263 patients with anti-MDA5 DM-ILD from four centers in China were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the impact of baseline NLR on the 30-day mortality rate in patients with anti-MDA5-positive DM-ILD.

Amelioration of premature aging in Werner syndrome stem cells by targeting SHIP/AKT pathway.

Background: Pathogenic or null mutations in WRN helicase is a cause of premature aging disease Werner syndrome (WS). WRN is known to protect somatic cells including adult stem cells from premature senescence. Loss of WRN in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) not only drives the cells to premature senescence but also significantly impairs the function of the stem cells in tissue repair or regeneration.

Efficacy and safety of SHEN26, a novel oral small molecular RdRp inhibitor for COVID-19 treatment: a multicenter, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, phase II clinical trial.

Background: SHEN26 (ATV014) is an oral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) inhibitor with potential anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity. Safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetic characteristics were verified in a Phase I study. This phase II study aimed to verify the efficacy and safety of SHEN26 in COVID-19 patients.

HDN-DDI: a novel framework for predicting drug-drug interactions using hierarchical molecular graphs and enhanced dual-view representation learning.

Background: Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) especially antagonistic ones present significant risks to patient safety, underscoring the urgent need for reliable prediction methods. Recently, substructure-based DDI prediction has garnered much attention due to the dominant influence of functional groups and substructures on drug properties. However, existing approaches face challenges regarding the insufficient interpretability of identified substructures and the isolation of chemical substructures.