A coopetition-driven strategy of parallel/perpendicular aromatic stacking enabling metastable supramolecular polymerization.

Metastable supramolecular polymerization under kinetic control has recently been recognized as a closer way to biosystem than thermodynamic process. While impressive works on metastable supramolecular systems have been reported, the library of available non-covalent driving modes is still small and a simple yet versatile solution is highly desirable to design for easily regulating the energy landscapes of metastable aggregation. Herein, we propose a coopetition-driven metastability strategy for parallel/perpendicular aromatic stacking to construct metastable supramolecular polymers derived from a class of simple monomers consisting of lateral indoles and aromatic core.

Efficient removal of Sb(III) from aqueous solution using TiO precipitated onto waste herb-residue biochar.

Increasing antimony (Sb) pollution has become a global concern, but there is still a lack of economically efficient adsorbents for its remediation. In this study, a novel remediation material was developed by precipitating TiO onto waste herb-residue biochar (named TBC). The effectiveness and adsorption mechanisms of the material for Sb(III) removal were investigated through adsorption experiments, and the enhancement pathway of traditional herb decoction on the effectiveness of modified biochar was analyzed.

Phononic modulation of spin-lattice relaxation in molecular qubit frameworks.

The solid-state integration of molecular electron spin qubits could promote the advancement of molecular quantum information science. With highly ordered structures and rational designability, microporous framework materials offer ideal matrices to host qubits. They exhibit tunable phonon dispersion relations and spin distributions, enabling optimization of essential qubit properties including the spin-lattice relaxation time (T) and decoherence time.

Robust ferromagnetism in wafer-scale FeGaTe above room-temperature.

The discovery of ferromagnetism in van der Waals (vdW) materials has enriched the understanding of two-dimensional (2D) magnetic orders and opened new avenues for fundamental physics research and next generation spintronics. However, achieving ferromagnetic order at room temperature, along with strong perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, remains a significant challenge. In this work, we report wafer-scale growth of vdW ferromagnet FeGaTe using molecular beam epitaxy.

Intensification of future subsurface marine heatwaves in an eddy-resolving model.

A shift in depth range enables marine organisms to adapt to marine heatwaves (MHWs). Subsurface MHWs could limit this pathway, yet their response to climate warming remains unclear. Here, using an eddy-resolving Earth system model forced under a high emission scenario, we project a robust global increase in subsurface MHWs driven by rising subsurface mean temperatures and enhanced temperature variability.

Multicopy subtelomeric genes underlie animal infectivity of divergent Cryptosporidium hominis subtypes.

The anthroponotic Cryptosporidium hominis differs from the zoonotic C. parvum in its lack of infectivity to animals, but several divergent subtypes have recently been found in nonhuman primates and equines. Here, we sequence 17 animal C.

High piezoelectric property with exceptional stability in self-poled ferroelectric films.

Ferroelectric films are highly sought-after in micro-electro-mechanical systems, particularly with the trend towards miniaturization. However, their tendency to depolarize and degradation in piezoelectric properties when exposed to packaging procedures at temperatures exceeding 260 °C remains a significant challenge. Here, we reveal the prerequisites for self-poling and leverage these insights to achieve unprecedented macroscopic performance through a two-step approach involving texture construction and hierarchical heterogeneity engineering.

ITGB4/CD104 mediates zika virus attachment and infection.

Zika virus (ZIKV) infection can result in a birth defect of the brain called microcephaly and other severe fetal brain defects. ZIKV enters the susceptible host cells by endocytosis, which is mediated by the interaction of the envelope (E) glycoprotein with cellular surface receptor molecules. However, the cellular factors that used by the ZIKV to gain access to host cells remains elusive.

Human ANP32A/B are SUMOylated and utilized by avian influenza virus NS2 protein to overcome species-specific restriction.

Human ANP32A/B (huANP32A/B) poorly support the polymerase activity of avian influenza viruses (AIVs), thereby limiting interspecies transmission of AIVs from birds to humans. The SUMO-interacting motif (SIM) within NS2 promotes the adaptation of AIV polymerase to huANP32A/B via a yet undisclosed mechanism. Here we show that huANP32A/B are SUMOylated by the E3 SUMO ligase PIAS2α, and deSUMOylated by SENP1.

Embodied neuromorphic synergy for lighting-robust machine vision to see in extreme bright.

Proper exposure settings are crucial for modern machine vision cameras to accurately convert light into clear images. However, traditional auto-exposure solutions are vulnerable to illumination changes, splitting the continuous acquisition of unsaturated images, which significantly degrades the overall performance of underlying intelligent systems. Here we present the neuromorphic exposure control (NEC) system.

Amorphous organic-hybrid vanadium oxide for near-barrier-free ultrafast-charging aqueous zinc-ion battery.

Fast-charging metal-ion batteries are essential for advancing energy storage technologies, but their performance is often limited by the high activation energy (E) required for ion diffusion in solids. Addressing this challenge has been particularly difficult for multivalent ions like Zn. Here, we present an amorphous organic-hybrid vanadium oxide (AOH-VO), featuring one-dimensional chains arranged in a disordered structure with atomic/molecular-level pores for promoting hierarchical ion diffusion pathways and reducing Zn interactions with the solid skeleton.

Reconstitution of pluripotency from mouse fibroblast through Sall4 overexpression.

Somatic cells can be reprogrammed into pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by overexpressing defined transcription factors. Specifically, overexpression of OCT4 alone has been demonstrated to reprogram mouse fibroblasts into iPSCs. However, it remains unclear whether any other single factor can induce iPSCs formation.

Catalytic oxidation upcycling of polyethylene terephthalate to commodity carboxylic acids.

Catalytic upcycling of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) into high-value oxygenated products is a fascinating process, yet it remains challenging. Here, we present a one-step tandem strategy to realize the thermal catalytic oxidation upcycling of PET to terephthalic acid (TPA) and high-value glycolic acid (GA) instead of ethylene glycol (EG). By using the Au/NiO with rich oxygen vacancies as catalyst, we successfully accelerate the hydrolysis of PET, accompanied by obtaining 99% TPA yield and 87.

Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced severe epidermal necrolysis mediated by macrophage-derived CXCL10 and abated by TNF blockade.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) represent new anticancer agents and have been used worldwide. However, ICI can potentially induce life-threatening severe cutaneous adverse reaction (SCAR), such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN), hindering continuous ICI therapy. We examine 6 cohorts including 25 ICI-induced SJS/TEN patients and conduct single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis, which shows overexpression of macrophage-derived CXCL10 that recruits CXCR3 cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) in blister cells from ICI-SJS/TEN skin lesions.

An adenosine analog shows high antiviral potency against coronavirus and arenavirus mainly through an unusual base pairing mode.

By targeting the essential viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP), nucleoside analogs (NAs) have exhibited great potential in antiviral therapy for RNA virus-related diseases. However, most ribose-modified NAs do not present broad-spectrum features, likely due to differences in ribose-RdRP interactions across virus families. Here, we show that HNC-1664, an adenosine analog with modifications both in ribose and base, has broad-spectrum antiviral activity against positive-strand coronaviruses and negative-strand arenaviruses.

Concurrent optoacoustic tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of resting-state functional connectivity in the mouse brain.

Resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) has been essential to elucidate the intricacy of brain organization, further revealing clinical biomarkers of neurological disorders. Although functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) remains a cornerstone in the field of rsFC recordings, its interpretation is often hindered by the convoluted physiological origin of the blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) contrast affected by multiple factors. Here, we capitalize on the unique concurrent multiparametric hemodynamic recordings of a hybrid magnetic resonance optoacoustic tomography platform to comprehensively characterize rsFC in female mice.

Accurate stacking engineering of MOF nanosheets as membranes for precise H sieving.

Two-dimensional (2D) metal-organic framework (MOF) nanosheet membranes hold promise for exact molecular transfer due to their structural diversity and well-defined in-plane nanochannels. However, achieving precise regulation of stacking modes between neighboring nanosheets in membrane applications and understanding its influence on separation performance remains unrevealed and challenging. Here, we propose a strategy for accurately controlling the stacking modes of MOF nanosheets via linker polarity regulation.

Understanding water reaction pathways to control the hydrolytic reactivity of a Zn metal-organic framework.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a class of porous materials that are of topical interest for their utility in water-related applications. Nevertheless, molecular-level insight into water-MOF interactions and MOF hydrolytic reactivity remains understudied. Herein, we report two hydrolytic pathways leading to either structural stability or framework decomposition of a MOF (ZnMOF-1).

METTL14 Mediates m6A methylation to improve osteogenesis under oxidative stress condition.

Objectives: Bone remodeling imbalance contributes to osteoporosis. Though current medications enhance osteoblast involvement in bone formation, the underlying pathways remain unclear. This study was aimed to explore the pathways involved in bone formation by osteoblasts, we investigate the protective role of glycolysis and N6-methyladenosine methylation (m6A) against oxidative stress-induced impairment of osteogenesis in MC3T3-E1 cells.

MEGF9 prevents lipopolysaccharide-induced cardiac dysfunction through activating AMPK pathway.

Objective: Inflammation and oxidative damage play critical roles in the pathogenesis of sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction. Multiple EGF-like domains 9 (MEGF9) is essential for cell homeostasis; however, its role and mechanism in sepsis-induced cardiac injury and impairment remain unclear.

Methods: Adenoviral and adeno-associated viral vectors were applied to overexpress or knock down the expression of MEGF9 in vivo and in vitro.

Mitophagy in ischemic heart disease: molecular mechanisms and clinical management.

The influence of the mitochondrial control system on ischemic heart disease has become a major focus of current research. Mitophagy, as a very crucial part of the mitochondrial control system, plays a special role in ischemic heart disease, unlike mitochondrial dynamics. The published reviews have not explored in detail the unique function of mitophagy in ischemic heart disease, therefore, the aim of this paper is to summarize how mitophagy regulates the progression of ischemic heart disease.

Cas12e orthologs evolve variable structural elements to facilitate dsDNA cleavage.

Exceptionally diverse type V CRISPR-Cas systems provide numerous RNA-guided nucleases as powerful tools for DNA manipulation. Two known Cas12e nucleases, DpbCas12e and PlmCas12e, are both effective in genome editing. However, many differences exist in their in vitro dsDNA cleavage activities, reflecting the diversity in Cas12e's enzymatic properties.

Combining synchrotron vacuum-ultraviolet photoionization mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for isomer-specific mechanistic analysis with application to the benzyl self-reaction.

Elucidating the formation mechanism of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is crucial to understand processes in the contexts of combustion, environmental science, astrochemistry, and nanomaterials synthesis. An excited electronic-state pathway has been proposed to account for the formation of 14π aromatic anthracene in the benzyl (b-CH) self-reaction. Here, to improve our understanding of anthracene formation, we investigate CH bimolecular reactions in a tubular SiC microreactor through an isomer-resolved method that combines in situ synchrotron-radiation VUV photoionization mass spectrometry and ex-situ gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Reconfiguration of brain network dynamics in bipolar disorder: a hidden Markov model approach.

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by severe disturbance and fluctuation in mood. Dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) has the potential to more accurately capture the evolving processes of emotion and cognition in BD. Nevertheless, prior investigations of dFC typically centered on larger time scales, limiting the sensitivity to transient changes.