Three new species of (Amphisphaeriales, Apiosporaceae) in China.

China is located in eastern Asia and has a large quantity and rich variety of bamboo resources. Bamboo resources also contain various fungal species such as The genus is commonly used as plant pathogens, endophytes, and saprophytes, which are widely present in various host ranges around the world. The discovery of metabolites has been proven to play an important role in the pharmaceutical industry.

Phylogeny and taxonomy of (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) with four new species from Asia and Oceania.

(Berk.) Murrill, first described from North America, was considered to be a common species in China. The existence of a species complex is confirmed through a phylogenetic analysis of samples examined.

Mathematical model and stability of SWCNT- and MWCNT-based nanofluid flow with thermal and chemically reactive effects inside a porous vertical cone.

This study investigates the significance of single-walled (SWCNTs) and multi-walled (MWCNTs) carbon nanotubes with a convectional fluid (water) over a vertical cone under the influences of chemical reaction, magnetic field, thermal radiation and saturated porous media. The impact of heat sources is also examined. Based on the flow assumptions, the fundamental flow equations are modeled as partial differential equations (PDEs).

A computational chemistry-based approach to optimizing PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.

Introduction: To design effective small molecule inhibitors targeting the immune checkpoint PD-1/PD-L1 and to explore their inhibitory activity.

Methods: In this paper, a total of 69 PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors with the same backbone were searched through opendatabases, and their docking mechanism with PD-L1 protein was investigatedby molecular docking method, and the active conformation of the inhibitors was explored. The biological activity of the four newly designed inhibitors was also evaluated using ELISA.

Regulation of involucrin and signalling pathway in scleroderma epidermal keratinocytes.

Introduction: Systemic sclerosis is a complex disease characterized by the fibrosis and vasculopathy.

Aim: We aimed to assess scleroderma by examining involucrin, an early terminal differentiation marker of epidermal keratinocytes.

Material And Methods: Immunolocalization of involucrin was performed in healthy controls and patients with scleroderma lesions by using an immunofluorescence (IF) assay.

Comparative assessment of alcaftadine and olopatadine for allergic conjunctivitis: a meta-analysis.

Introduction: It is unclear to compare the efficacy of alcaftadine versus olopatadine for patients with allergic conjunctivitis, and this meta-analysis aims to perform the comparative assessment of their efficacy for allergic conjunctivitis.

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, EBSCO, and Cochrane library databases, and included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing alcaftadine with olopatadine for allergic conjunctivitis. The random-effect model was used for the significant heterogeneity, and otherwise the fixed-effect model was used.

Significance of HLA-B*15 in three pemphigus patients with rituximab-triggered severe cutaneous drug reactions.

Introduction: Rituximab, a CD20 inhibitor, has swiftly become the primary treatment for pemphigus patients.

Aim: We present 3 cases of pemphigus patients who had undergone rituximab treatment.

Material And Methods: After the second intravenous administration of rituximab, the primary rash developed into severe cutaneous drug reactions.

Screening of key genes related to autophagy in psoriasis based on gene expression profiling.

Introduction: Autophagy is necessary for the progression of psoriasis.

Aim: This study aimed to recognize possible autophagy-related genes in psoriasis via bioinformatics study to present a better standard for the clinical treatment and management of psoriasis.

Material And Methods: The GEO dataset was utilized to derive the mRNA expression profile of the database GSE78097.

Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in hospitalized companion animals in China in 2022-23.

Objectives: In this study, bacteria isolated from companion animals in China were taxonomically identified and assessed for antimicrobial susceptibility to evaluate the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in pets.

Methods: From October 2022 to October 2023, 5468 samples were collected from pets, predominantly from cats and dogs, in China, of which 5253 bacterial strains were identified (>98%). Antimicrobial susceptibility was assessed using the VITEK 2 COMPACT system and the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method.

Association of CSF soluble TREM1 levels with hippocampal atrophy in cognitively impaired older adults.

Background: Recent studies have shown that cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (sTREM1) are elevated in individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD), though the relationship between CSF sTREM1 and hippocampal atrophy remains to be elucidated. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the association between CSF sTREM1 levels and longitudinal changes in hippocampal volumes, and to determine if this relationship is moderated by cognitive status.

Methods: We included 576 participants, comprising 152 cognitively unimpaired (CU) and 424 cognitively impaired (CI) individuals.

Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation for Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) has emerged as a novel noninvasive adjunct therapy for advanced Parkinson's disease (PD), yet no quantitative analysis had been conducted to assess its therapeutic effect.

Objectives: This review aimed to investigate the efficacy of tVNS on motor function, other potential clinical targets and its safety in various treatment conditions.

Methods: We searched six databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that involved treating PD patients with tVNS.

Distinct role of primate DLPFC and LIP in hierarchical control of learned saccade sequences.

Learned action sequences are suggested to be organized hierarchically, but how the various hierarchical levels are processed by different cortical regions remains largely unknown. By training monkeys to perform heterogeneous saccade sequences, we investigated the role of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and the lateral intraparietal cortex (LIP) in sequence planning and execution. The electrophysiological recording revealed that sequence-level initiation information was mostly signaled by DLPFC neurons, whereas subsequence-level transition was largely encoded by LIP neurons.

LEHP-DETR: A model with backbone improved and hybrid encoding innovated for flax capsule detection.

Flax, as a functional crop with rich essential fatty acids and nutrients, is important in nutrition and industrial applications. However, the current process of flax seed detection relies mainly on manual operation, which is not only inefficient but also prone to error. The development of computer vision and deep learning techniques offers a new way to solve this problem.

Impact of cascade reservoir on the sources of organic matter in sediments of Lancang river.

The construction of dams to intercept natural rivers constitutes the most severe human activity influencing the underlying surface. This study focuses on four cascade reservoirs of the Lancang River and explores their impact on the migration of organic matter in sediments. The research reveals significant spatial variations in total organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen concentrations in the sediments of the four reservoirs.

Progress and perspectives in the electroreduction of low-concentration nitrate for wastewater management.

The electroreduction of nitrate has emerged as a promising global strategy for water purification in the face of harmful nitrate in wastewater. However, the usually low concentration of nitrate in wastewater poses a great challenge to this process, thus necessitating more in-depth studies to optimize its efficiency. This perspective article briefly explores the various electrochemical pathways of nitrate reduction, including the conversion of nitrate to ammonia, the conversion of nitrate to dinitrogen, and the C-N coupled reduction process.

Difficulties in the diagnosis and treatment of axillary malignant triton tumors: A case report.

Malignant triton tumor (MTT), a subtype of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, is a rare soft-tissue sarcoma with a difficult diagnosis and poor prognosis. The course of MTT progression is rapid and the degree of malignancy is high. Patients with MTT can be treated with postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy; however, treatment results are still poor.

Screening of biomarkers for diagnosing chronic kidney disease and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction through bioinformatics analysis.

Background: Previous research has established that chronic kidney disease (CKD) and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) often coexist. Although we have a preliminary understanding of the potential correlation between HFpEF and CKD, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms associated with CKD and HFpEF through bioinformatics analysis.

Second-line treatment patterns and outcomes in advanced HCC after progression on atezolizumab/bevacizumab.

Background & Aims: Atezolizumab/bevacizumab (A/B) is now a standard first-line treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the optimal second-line regimen is not known. We evaluated real-world treatment patterns and outcomes to investigate factors associated with post-progression survival (PPS).

Methods: In this multicenter, international, retrospective study, we examined clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with advanced HCC who progressed on first-line A/B.

Impact of Prophylactic Use of PEG-rhG-CSF on First-Line Immunochemotherapy in Advanced NSCLC: A Cohort Study.

Introduction: This study aimed to assess the impact of prophylactic use of PEG-rhG-CSF on first-line immunochemotherapy in advanced NSCLC.

Methods: A cohort of patients with advanced NSCLC who received first-line immunochemotherapy at Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University between January 2019 and July 2024 was selected for this study. Patients were divided into the following two groups: a treatment group that received prophylactic PEG-rhG-CSF (≥1 cycle) 48 hours after immunochemotherapy and a control group that did not receive PEG-rhG-CSF.

The correlation between serum MHR and NLR and the severity of coronary lesions in NSTE-ACS patients of different genders.

Background: To study the relationship between the monocyte/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and coronary artery stenosis in Non-st-elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTE-ACS) patients of different genders.

Methods: A total of 253 control and 800 NSTE-ACS patients were included, and clinic data (29 items) were also collected. NSTE-ACS patients were divided into low-risk (0-23) and high-risk (≥ 23) groups based on the Synergy between PCI with Taxus and Cardiac Surgery (SYNTAX) score.

Prognostic implication of right ventricular-pulmonary artery coupling in valvular heart disease.

Valvular heart disease (VHD) leading to inadequate hemodynamic circulation is a major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. Right ventricular-pulmonary artery (RV-PA) coupling integrates the ability of RV contractility to adapt to increased pulmonary arterial afterload. If the right ventricle cannot adapt to the elevated afterload by increasing its contractile function, RV-PA uncoupling occurs.

Mechanisms of inflammatory microenvironment formation in cardiometabolic diseases: molecular and cellular perspectives.

Cardiometabolic diseases (CMD) are leading causes of death and disability worldwide, with complex pathophysiological mechanisms in which inflammation plays a crucial role. This review aims to elucidate the molecular and cellular mechanisms within the inflammatory microenvironment of atherosclerosis, hypertension and diabetic cardiomyopathy. In atherosclerosis, oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) activate immune cells contributing to foam cell formation and arterial wall thickening.

Comparative efficacy of different drugs in acute heart failure with renal dysfunction: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Objective: This network meta-analysis was to compare the efficacy of different drugs on cardiac function, renal function, and clinical outcomes in patients with acute heart failure (AHF) accompanied by renal dysfunction.

Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched to screen all clinical trials of AHF between January 1st 2001 and March 31th 2024. The primary outcome measures were N-terminal pro-B type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), glomerular filtration rate (GFR), blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, all-cause mortality within 60 days, and cardiovascular mortality.

Silent cerebral lesions after catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation using cryoballoon, hotballoon, laserballoon and radiofrequency catheters: a Bayesian network meta-analysis.

Background: Catheter ablation (CA) is an effective therapeutic option for patients with symptomatic atrial fibrillation (AF). Previous studies have reported silent cerebral lesions (SCLs) detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after different CA techniques; however, the results were controversial. Therefore, we performed this network meta-analysis (NMA) to assess the incidence of SCLs after cryoballoon, hotballoon, laserballoon, and radiofrequency ablation (RFA).