Adsorption adaptive response exposed to algal organic matter: correlation to the characteristics of granular activated carbon.

The release of algal organic matter (AOM) during seasonal algal blooms increases the complexity and heterogeneity of natural organic matter (NOM) in water sources, altering its hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance and posing significant challenges to conventional water treatment processes. This study aims to verify whether the (Granular activated carbon) GAC selected for the adsorption of NOM in sand filtration effluent can adapt to water quality fluctuations caused by AOM release, and identify the criteria influencing GAC adsorption performance. Results indicated that external surface area, mesopore volume, pore size and surface functional groups were key indicators of GAC adsorption performance.

Multifunctional Nanozyme with Aptamer-Based Ratiometric Fluorescent and Colorimetric Dual Detection of Prostate-Specific Antigen.

The adsorption of DNA probes onto nanomaterials represents a promising bioassay technique, generally employing fluorescence or catalytic activity to generate signals. A significant challenge is maintaining the catalytic activity of chromogenic catalysts during detection while enhancing accuracy by overcoming the limitations of single-signal transmission. This article presents an innovative multimodal analysis approach that synergistically combines the oxidase-like activity of Fe-N-C nanozyme (Fe-NC) with red fluorescent carbon quantum dots (R-CQDs), further advancing the dual-mode analysis method utilizing R-CQDs@Fe-NC.

Burden of depressive and anxiety disorders in China and its provinces, 1990-2021: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Background: Depressive and anxiety disorders constitute a major component of the disease burden of mental disorders in China.

Aims: To comprehensively evaluate the disease burden of depressive and anxiety disorders in China.

Method: The raw data is sourced from the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021.

Stevioside mitigates metabolic dysregulation in offspring induced by maternal high-fat diet: the role of gut microbiota-driven thermogenesis.

Maternal obesity poses a significant threat to the metabolic profiles of offspring. Microorganisms acquired from the mother early in life critically affect the host's metabolic functions. Natural non-nutritive sweeteners, particularly stevioside (STV), play a crucial role in reducing obesity and affecting gut microbiota composition.

MT1/cAMP/PKA Pathway in Melatonin-Regulated Sperm Capacitation.

Melatonin is mainly synthesized and secreted by pineal gland, and plays multiple functions, including its regulating effects on reproductive processes. Sperm capacitation is necessary for fertilization, but the effect of melatonin on mouse sperm capacitation remains to be elucidated. We thus investigated the roles of melatonin on capacitation by culturing the sperms from mouse cauda epididymis in the medium with different doses of melatonin.

Neutrophil to platelet ratio predicts in-hospital mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction.

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a critical medical emergency worldwide and a leading cause of mortality. This study aims to investigate the predictive utility of the neutrophil-to-platelet ratio (NPR) in identifying AMI patients at an increased risk of in-hospital mortality. We enrolled 664 patients, including 421 with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and 243 with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), at Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, from January 2020 to September 2023.

Surface-modified carbon quantum dot for enhanced fluorescent-sensing of hexagonal valent chromium.

As one of the most harmful heavy metal pollutants, hexavalent chromium Cr(VI) is becoming a serious threat to human health. Thus pursuing a remarkably sensitive method to monitor the Cr(VI) concentration in natural conditions is favored for the fast response to prevent harm. In the present work, an ethylenediamine (En) and SiO-modified wool keratin-based carbon quantum dot (CQD)(En@CQDs@SiO) fluorescent sensor is prepared, and the En is found to improve the discrimination ability by binding the Cr(VI) with the surface carboxyl groups.

Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis and Enterocytozoon bieneusi in Donkeys of Inner Mongolia, Northern China.

Background: Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis, and Enterocytozoon bieneusi are important zoonotic pathogens. In Inner Mongolia, a single pathogen molecular epidemiological survey of these three protozoa was previously conducted on only 176 fecal samples donkeys.

Dual inhibition of AChE and MAO-B in Alzheimer's disease: machine learning approaches and model interpretations.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative diseases. Given the multifactorial pathophysiology of AD, monotargeted agents can only alleviate symptoms but not cure AD. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and Monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) are two key targets in the treatment of AD, molecules that inhibiting both targets are considered promising avenue to develop more effective AD therapies.

A Cross-scale Attention-Based U-Net for Breast Ultrasound Image Segmentation.

Breast cancer remains a significant global health concern and is a leading cause of mortality among women. The accuracy of breast cancer diagnosis can be greatly improved with the assistance of automatic segmentation of breast ultrasound images. Research has demonstrated the effectiveness of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and transformers in segmenting these images.

Effectiveness and safety of finerenone in membranous nephropathy patients: a retrospective, real‑world study.

Purpose: We aimed to conduct a retrospective analysis to assess the efficacy and safety of finerenone in patients with membranous nephropathy (MN).

Methods: This study conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with MN who were treated with finerenone for follow-up period ranging from 3 to 6 months. The study compared the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), urine total protein-to-creatinine ratio (PCR), urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR), serum creatinine concentration (SCr), blood pressure and serum potassium (K+) during the follow-up period.

Psychotropic Polypharmacy in Dementia: A Retrospective Analysis for People with Neuropsychiatric Symptoms Referred to an Australian Dementia Support Service.

Background And Objectives: Despite their limited benefits and serious adverse effects, psychotropics remain frequently prescribed for neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) of dementia. Psychotropic polypharmacy, the use of two or more concomitant psychotropic medications, is therefore not recommended for people with dementia. The objectives of this study were to investigate the prevalence of psychotropic polypharmacy in Australians living with dementia whose caregivers sought external NPS support from Dementia Support Australia (DSA; the national provider of NPS support) and the association of psychotropic polypharmacy with their demographics and NPS characteristics.

Tertiary lymphoid structure signatures are associated with survival and immunotherapy response in lung adenocarcinoma.

The presence of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) has been correlated with improved prognosis and clinical outcomes in response to immunotherapy in certain solid tumors. However, the precise role of TLSs in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains unclear. Four datasets of LUAD were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO).

Automatic skeletal maturity grading from pelvis radiographs by deep learning for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a three-dimensional spine deformity governed of the spine. A child's Risser stage of skeletal maturity must be carefully considered for AIS evaluation and treatment. However, there are intra-observer and inter-observer inaccuracies in the Risser stage manual assessment.

The role of MRO as an M2 macrophage-associated gene in non-small cell lung cancer: insights into immune infiltration, prognostic significance, and therapeutic implications.

Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), including lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), is influenced by tumor-immune interactions. M2 macrophages play a significant role in the tumor microenvironment. This study explores the role of MRO, an M2 macrophage-associated gene, in NSCLC, focusing on immune infiltration, prognostic significance, and therapeutic potential.

Exploring and validating associations between six systemic inflammatory indices and ischemic stroke in a middle-aged and old Chinese population.

Background: Inflammation and maladaptive immune mechanisms have been substantiated as integral components in the critical pathological processes of the injury cascade in ischemic stroke (IS). This study aimed to explore the associations between six systemic inflammatory indices and IS in a Chinese population.

Methods: This was a case-control study based on the retrospective review of electronic medical records from two hospitals in Shandong Province, China.

The SERPINB4 gene mutation identified in twin patients with Crohn's disease impaires the intestinal epithelial cell functions.

Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease of unknown etiology. To identify new targets related to the initiation of CD, we screened a pair of twins with CD, which is a rare phenomenon in the Chinese population, for genetic susceptibility factors. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) of these patients revealed a mutation in their SERPINB4 gene.

First principles design of multifunctional spintronic devices based on super narrow borophene nanoribbons.

Borophene, as a new material with various configurations, has attracted significant research attention in recent years. In this study, the electronic properties of a series of χ-type borophene nanoribbons (BNRs) are investigated using a first-principles approach. The results show that the width and edge pattern of the nanoribbons can effectively tune their electronic properties.

Association between platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced thyroid dysfunction.

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) or neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-induced thyroid dysfunction.

Methods: This was a single-center retrospective observational study of patients with solid tumors receiving ICI therapy. Clinical characteristics of patients were assessed at baseline and during ICI therapy.

A multicenter, randomized, open label, two formulation, crossover bioequivalence trial of doxorubicin hydrochloride liposomal injection in Chinese patients with metastatic breast cancer.

Purpose: The primary objectives of this trial were aimed at exploring the pharmacokinetic profiles and the human bioequivalence of an intravenous liposomal injection of doxorubicin hydrochloride in comparison with a reference formulation in Chinese patients diagnosed with metastatic breast cancer.

Methods: To achieve these goals, the trial employed a randomized, open-label, two-formulation crossover dosing strategy among Chinese patients with metastatic breast cancer. Pharmacokinetic (PK) evaluation was conducted through the collection of blood samples, and the liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) method was leveraged to quantify plasma concentrations of both liposome-encapsulated doxorubicin and non-encapsulated doxorubicin in patients.

CNEV: A corpus of Chinese nonverbal emotional vocalizations with a database of emotion category, valence, arousal, and gender.

Nonverbal emotional vocalizations play a crucial role in conveying emotions during human interactions. Validated corpora of these vocalizations have facilitated emotion-related research and found wide-ranging applications. However, existing corpora have lacked representation from diverse cultural backgrounds, which may limit the generalizability of the resulting theories.

Double-Negative CD4 CD8 Absolute Count Plays a Mediating Role in the Causal Relationship Between Plasma Lipids and Parkinson's Disease: A Mendel Randomized Study.

According to certain research, there might be a connection between Parkinson's disease and plasma lipidome. However, the causal effects between plasma lipidome and Parkinson's disease and whether immune cells act as a mediator remain unclear. According to some research, plasma lipids are an important risk factor for Parkinson's disease, however, whether there is a causative connection between the two is unclear.

Integrated analysis of genetic, proteinic, and metabolomic alterations in Behcet's disease.

Numerous studies have investigated the alterations of genes, proteins, and metabolites in Behcet's disease (BD). By far, little is known about the depiction of panoramic changes underlying this disease. This study purposed to assess the consistently dysregulated genes, proteins, and metabolites in BD across publications using the vote-counting approach.

Clinical application of 3D slicer reconstruction and 3D printing localization combined with neuroendoscopy technology in VPS surgery.

To explore techniques, advantages and disadvantages of 3D Slicer reconstruction and 3D printing localization technology combined with transcranial neuroendoscopy in ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery. Retrospective analysis of clinical data of patients with hydrocephalus treated by ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery using 3D Slicer reconstruction and 3D printing positioning technology combined with transcranial neuroendoscopy in our hospital from October 2021 to March 2023. A total of 33 patients with complete data were collected, including 19 males and 14 females, aged 10-81 years.