Impact of RSVpreF vaccination on reducing the burden of respiratory syncytial virus in infants and older adults.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes a substantial health burden among infants and older adults. Prefusion F protein-based vaccines have shown high efficacy against RSV disease in clinical trials, offering promise for mitigating this burden through maternal and older adult immunization. Employing an individual-based model, we evaluated the impact of RSV vaccination on hospitalizations and deaths in 13 high-income countries, assuming that the vaccine does not prevent infection or transmission.

ADC histogram analysis of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cell levels in meningioma.

To investigate the value of preoperative MRI features and ADC histogram analysis for evaluating tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells in meningiomas. In this single-center cross-sectional study, we conducted a retrospective analysis of clinical, imaging, and pathological data from 84 patients with meningioma and performed immunohistochemical staining to quantitatively evaluate CD8+ T cells. Using X-Tile software, we divided the patients into high-and low-CD8+ T cells groups based on cut-off values.

Integrated analysis of single-cell and bulk-RNA sequencing for the cellular senescence in prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), half of which are lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), is one of the most widely spread cancers in the world. Telomerase, which maintains telomere length and chromosomal integrity, enables cancer cells to avoid replicative senescence. When telomerase is inhibited, cancer cells' senescence began, preventing them from growing indefinitely.

Trends in global and regional incidence and prevalence of hypertensive disordersin pregnancy (1990-2021): an age-period-cohort analysis.

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are significant global health issues. This study utilized data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 to analyze trends in incidence, prevalence, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALY) associated with HDP across 204 countries from 1990 to 2021. The analysis employed estimated annual percentage changes and an age-period-cohort model, stratifying data by age, year, geographical region, and sociodemographic index (SDI).

Machine learning-based prediction model integrating ultrasound scores and clinical features for the progression to rheumatoid arthritis in patients with undifferentiated arthritis.

Objectives: Predicting rheumatoid arthritis (RA) progression in undifferentiated arthritis (UA) patients remains a challenge. Traditional approaches combining clinical assessments and ultrasonography (US) often lack accuracy due to the complex interaction of clinical variables, and routine extensive US is impractical. Machine learning (ML) models, particularly those integrating the 18-joint ultrasound scoring system (US18), have shown potential to address these issues but remain underexplored.

The predictive value of anti-IFI16 antibodies for the development or persistence of digital ulcers in systemic sclerosis.

To evaluate the association of anti-IFI16 antibodies with peripheral vasculopathy and the predictive value of anti-IFI16 antibodies for the development or persistence of digital ulcers (DPDU) in SSc. A total of 42 SSc patients and 42 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were enrolled. Anti-IFI16 antibodies were examined by ELISA.

A real-world drug safety surveillance study from the FAERS database of hepatocellular carcinoma patients receiving pembrolizumab alone and plus lenvatinib.

Pembrolizumab plus Lenvatinib is regarded as a significant treatment option for advanced unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aims to meticulously monitor and identify adverse events (AEs) related to this combined therapy, enhance patient safety, and offer evidence-based recommendations for the appropriate use of these drugs. We gathered adverse drug reactions (ADRs)-related data from the FAERS database for HCC patients who received Pembrolizumab, both alone and in combination with Lenvatinib from the first quarter of 2014 to the fourth quarter of 2023.

The impact of preschool children's physical fitness evaluation under self organizing maps neural network.

To improve the scientific accuracy and precision of children's physical fitness evaluations, this study proposes a model that combines self-organizing maps (SOM) neural networks with cluster analysis. Existing evaluation methods often rely on traditional, single statistical analyses, which struggle to handle the complexity of high-dimensional, nonlinear data, resulting in a lack of precision and personalization. This study uses the SOM neural network to reduce the dimensionality of high-dimensional health data.

Polo-like kinase 2 ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced cardiac injury by blocking cardiomyocyte ferroptosis.

Background: Polo-like kinase 2 (PLK2) is associated with cardiac fibrosis in patients with atrial fibrillation. However, the role of PLK2 in sepsis-induced cardiac injury has not been fully elucidated. We hypothesize that PLK2 may participate in the progression of sepsis-induced cardiac injury.

Study on the efficacy of fractional CO laser treatment for vaginal relaxation syndrome combined with recurrent bacterial vaginitis.

To investigate the efficacy and mechanisms of fractional CO2 laser treatment for Vaginal Relaxation Syndrome (VRS) combined with recurrent bacterial vaginitis. Patients with VRS and recurrent bacterial vaginitis were randomly assigned to an intervention group (n = 60) receiving fractional CO2 laser therapy in addition to metronidazole, or a control group (n = 60) receiving metronidazole alone. Post-treatment assessments included vaginal relaxation, vaginal health index (VHI) scores, lactobacilli distribution, vaginal pH, recurrence rates, and the correlation between lactobacilli distribution and VHI.

A global kernel estimator for partially linear varying coefficient additive hazards models.

We study kernel-based estimation methods for partially linear varying coefficient additive hazards models, where the effects of one type of covariates can be modified by another. Existing kernel estimation methods for varying coefficient models often use a "local" approach, where only a small local neighborhood of subjects are used for estimating the varying coefficient functions. Such a local approach, however, is generally inefficient as information about some non-varying nuisance parameter from subjects outside the neighborhood is discarded.

Lipid metabolism-related genes are involved in the formation of macrophage extracellular traps in allergic airway inflammation.

Recent studies have highlighted the critical role of lipid metabolism in macrophages concerning lung inflammation. However, it remains unclear whether lipid metabolism is involved in macrophage extracellular traps (METs). We analyzed the GSE40885 dataset from the GEO database using weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) and further selection using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression.

Meta-analysis and Mendelian randomization study on the association between exposure to chlorinated disinfection byproducts and preterm birth risk.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the correlation between exposure to disinfection byproducts of chlorination and preterm birth (PTB) through evidence-based medicine Meta-analysis and Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Study Design: Meta-analysis was conducted on 17 studies involving 1,251,426 neonates, revealing a higher risk of PTB with exposure to total trihalomethanes (TTHMs) and chloroform. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis confirmed a causal relationship between chlorides and PTB.

Virus Association with Bacteria and Bacterial Cell Components Enhance Virus Infectivity.

The transmission and infection of enteric viruses can be influenced by co-existing bacteria within the environment and host. However, the viral binding ligands on bacteria and the underlying interaction mechanisms remain unclear. This study characterized the association of norovirus surrogate Tulane virus (TuV) and murine norovirus (MNV) as well as the human enteric virus Aichi virus (AiV) with six bacteria strains (Pantoea agglomerans, Pantoea ananatis, Bacillus cereus, Enterobacter cloacae, Exiguobacterium sibiricum, Pseudomonas spp.

Dnmt3a-mediated DNA Methylation Regulates P. gingivalis-suppressed Cementoblast Mineralization Partially Via Mitochondria-dependent Apoptosis Pathway.

Background: DNA methyltransferase 3A (Dnmt3a) is an enzyme that catalyzes the de novo methylation of DNA, and plays essential roles in a wide range of physiological and pathological processes. However, it remains unclear whether Porphyromonas gingivalis affects cementoblasts, the cells responsible for cementum formation, through Dnmt3a.

Methods: The samples were collected from models of mouse periapical lesions and mice of different ages, and the expression of Dnmt3a was detected through immunofluorescence.

Study on influencing factors and prediction model of strength and compression index of sandy silt on bank under freeze-thaw cycles.

The Inner Mongolia section of the Yellow River is a seasonal frozen soil area, where the freeze-thaw effect can alter soil strength and compressibility, affecting bank stability. This study takes the banks sandy silt of the Inner Mongolia section of the Yellow River as the research object. It systematically investigates the relationship between shear strength parameters and compression index of sandy silt and the initial dry density, water content, and freeze-thaw cycles of the soil.

Lightweight YOLOv8 for tongue teeth marks and fissures detection based on C2f_DCNv3.

This paper propose a significantly enhanced YOLOv8 model specifically designed for detecting tongue fissures and teeth marks in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) diagnostic images. By integrating the C2f_DCNv3 module, which incorporates Deformable Convolutions (DCN), replace the original C2f module, enabling the model to exhibit exceptional adaptability to intricate and irregular features, such as fine fissures and teeth marks. Furthermore, the introduction of the Squeeze-and-Excitation (SE) attention mechanism optimizes feature weighting, allowing the model to focus more accurately on key regions of the image, even in the presence of complex backgrounds.

Total Pelvic Exenteration with Presacral Fascia and Pelvic Musculature Excision for Pelvic Recurrence of Rectal Cancer.

Background: Local relapse has not been eradicated even in the era of total mesorectum excision. Although various approaches have been attempted, R0 resection remains the only potentially curative treatment. PATIENT AND METHODS: A 45-year-old woman with a history of laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection was diagnosed with pelvic recurrence 7 months ago.

The Necessity of Lymphadenectomy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Smaller Than 6 mm in Solid Size.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the necessity of lymph node sampling for specific non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: Patients with small-size (≤2 cm) NSCLC who underwent surgical resection between 2009 and 2022 were retrospectively screened. The characteristics of patients with nodal metastasis were demonstrated.

Overlooked and underpowered: a meta-research addressing sample size in radiomics prediction models for binary outcomes.

Objectives: To investigate how studies determine the sample size when developing radiomics prediction models for binary outcomes, and whether the sample size meets the estimates obtained by using established criteria.

Methods: We identified radiomics studies that were published from 01 January 2023 to 31 December 2023 in seven leading peer-reviewed radiological journals. We reviewed the sample size justification methods, and actual sample size used.

Resistive memory-based zero-shot liquid state machine for multimodal event data learning.

The human brain is a complex spiking neural network (SNN) capable of learning multimodal signals in a zero-shot manner by generalizing existing knowledge. Remarkably, it maintains minimal power consumption through event-based signal propagation. However, replicating the human brain in neuromorphic hardware presents both hardware and software challenges.

Post-closure Technique for Access Hemostasis During Emergency Endovascular Repair in Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms: Technical Note on a Preliminary Experience.

Purpose: To describe the downsizing post-closure technique for access hemostasis during emergency endovascular repair (EVAR) in ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms (RAAA).

Materials And Methods: A cohort of eight patients underwent emergency EVAR through 16 femoral access sites for infrarenal RAAA. The downsizing post-closure technique, which involves a reduction in the size of the large-bore access by advancing a 10F sheath, was consistently applied.

A novel mitochondrial-related risk model for predicting prognosis and immune checkpoint blockade therapy response in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma.

Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma (UCEC) represents a common malignant neoplasm in women, with its prognosis being intricately associated with available therapeutic interventions. In the past few decades, there has been a burgeoning interest in the role of mitochondria within the context of UCEC. Nevertheless, the development and application of prognostic models predicated on mitochondrial-related genes (MRGs) in UCEC remains in the exploratory stages.

Repeated sevoflurane exposure causes hypomyelination in the prefrontal cortex of adult male mice.

As one of the most commonly used general anesthetics (GAs) in surgery, numerous studies have demonstrated the detrimental effects of sevoflurane exposure on myelination in the developing and elderly brain. However, the impact of sevoflurane exposure on intact myelin structure in the adult brain is barely discovered. Here, we show that repeated sevoflurane exposure, but not single exposure, causes hypomyelination and abnormal ultrastructure of myelin sheath in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of adult male mice, which is considered as a critical brain region for general anesthesia mediated consciousness change.