Differentiation of genome-wide DNA methylation between japonica and indica rice.

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) subspecies japonica and indica show distinct morphological and genetic differentiation. However, the differences in the genome-wide DNA methylation and its effects on gene expression and metabolic levels between japonica and indica rice remain unclear.

N-Doped Holey Graphene/Porous Carbon/Cellulose Nanofibers Electrode and Hydrogel Electrolyte for Low-temperature Zinc-ion Hybrid Supercapacitors.

The susceptibility to freezing of the electrolyte and mismatched cathode make the aqueous zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors (ZHSCs) have inferior electrochemical performance at low temperature. Herein, a novel freeze-tolerant hydrogel electrolyte (CEEZ) and matched graphene/porous carbon/cellulose nanofibers cathode (GPCN) are respectively fabricated via chemical cross-linking and a two-step process to assemble ZHSCs. The prepared electrode has a highly porous structure, abundant edge active sites, and increased interlayer spacing, which collectively reduces ion transport complexity and enhances the contact area with the electrolyte, promoting rapid ionic conduction pathways.

Revolutionizing prognosis: Introducing cell death index (CDI) as a powerful prognostic tool for CSCC patients.

Background: Cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) threatens the body health of women worldwide. This study aimed to foster a new concept of prognostic indicator named cell death index (CDI).

Methods: RNA-seq and scRNA-seq datasets were downloaded from the GEO and TCGA database as the training and validation cohorts.

Accelerating the Zn Transport Kinetics in the Pre-Solvated Artificial Protective Layer via Preferential Electrostatic Interactions for Stable Zinc Anode.

The intrinsic safety and cost-effectiveness of the aqueous zinc ion batteries hold the potential for grid-scale energy storage. However, the uncontrolled dendrite growth, parasitic reactions, and electrochemical corrosion of the anode due to the random Zn transport near the anode hinder its practical applications. Herein, a pre-solvated artificial protective layer (ps-APL) with a nitrogen-containing functional group is constructed by an in situ polymerization strategy to stabilize the Zn anode via boosted Zn mass transport kinetics and oriented exposure of the Zn(002) facets.

No Association Found Between Uric Acid Levels and Peripheral Vertigo Disorders: Results From a Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background: The association between serum uric acid levels and peripheral vertigo diseases, namely Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV), Meniere's Disease (MD), and Vestibular Neuritis (VN), remains a subject of controversy. This study utilises the Mendelian Randomization (MR) approach to investigate the potential link between uric acid levels and these peripheral vertigo diseases, with the goal of informing preventative measures and early intervention strategies.

Methods: Datasets pertaining to uric acid levels (sample size = 343 836) and BPPV (ncase = 3834, ncontrol = 209 582), MD (ncase = 1511, ncontrol = 209 582), and VN (ncase = 1224, ncontrol = 209 582) were selected from Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS).

A High-Capacity Manganese-Metal Battery with Dual-Storage Mechanism.

As a promising post lithium-ion-battery candidate, manganese metal battery (MMB) is receiving growing research interests because of its high volumetric capacity, low cost, high safety and high energy-to-price ratio. However, the low energy density, mainly constrained by scarce choices and unsatisfying capacity of cathodes, strictly bottlenecks the development of MMBs. In this work, a new class of cathodes based on novel dual-storage mechanism (DSM) are reported.

A Strategy of Enhancing Polarization to Achieve Excellent Energy Storage Performance in Simple Bi0.5K0.5TiO3-Based Relaxors.

Dielectric energy storage capacitors are indispensable components in advanced electronic and electrical systems. Excellent performance requires the dielectric materials possessing low residual polarization (Pr), high breakdown strength (Eb), and large maximum polarization (Pm). The first two parameters can be typically achieved through chemical regulation, while the Pmax is closely related to the matrix.

A Highly Dispersed Heterogeneous Cobalt Catalyst for Efficient Domino Hydroformylation Reductive Amination of Olefins.

The hydroaminomethylation of alkenes using CO and H proceeds efficiently in the presence of a heterogeneous Co-N/C catalyst with highly dispersed metal centers. Various secondary and tertiary amines can be effectively synthesized from cyclic and linear aliphatic alkenes using this specific material. The active sites of the optimal catalyst result from the synergistic effect of atomically dispersed Co sites with their surrounding N atoms, and the high surface area as well as structural defects of the NC support.

CircPTK2 as a Valuable Biomarker and Treatment Target in Cancer.

Circular RNA (CircRNA)s, a newly discovered type of noncoding RNAs, have been found to play a role in controlling the development and aggressiveness of tumors. Abnormal control of circRNA has been observed in various types of human cancers, including bladder cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), breast cancer, and gastric cancer (GC). CircRNAs possess binding sites for microRNAs (miRNAs) and function as miRNA sponges in posttranscriptional regulation.

METTL3 promotes renal ischemia-reperfusion injury by modulating miR-374b-5p/SRSF7 axis.

Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a prevalent cause of acute kidney injury, however, the regulatory mechanisms of miR-374b-5p in renal IRI remain poorly understood. We established hypoxia/reoxidation (H/R)-induced renal injury models using HK-2 and TCMK-1 cells, as well as an ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)-induced mouse model. Renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs) viability and apoptosis were assessed using CCK-8, flow cytometry, and TUNEL assays.

Plasma p-tau217 and p-tau217/Aβ1-42 are effective biomarkers for identifying CSF- and PET imaging-diagnosed Alzheimer's disease: Insights for research and clinical practice.

Introduction: With the advancement of disease-modifying therapies for Alzheimer's disease (AD), validating plasma biomarkers against cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and positron emission tomography (PET) standards is crucial in both research and real-world settings.

Methods: We measured plasma phosphorylated tau (p-tau)217, p-tau181, amyloid beta (Aβ)1-40, Aβ1-42, and neurofilament light chain in research and real-world cohorts. Participants were categorized by brain amyloid status using US Food and Drug Administration/European Medicines Agency-approved CSF or PET methods.

Two tandem R2R3 MYB transcription factor genes cooperatively regulate anthocyanin accumulation in potato tuber flesh.

Anthocyanin biosynthesis and accumulation determines the colour of tuber flesh in potato (Solanum tuberosum) and influences nutritional quality. However, the regulatory mechanism behind anthocyanin biosynthesis in potato tuber flesh remains unclear. In this study, we identified the Pigmented tuber flesh (Pf) locus through a genome-wide association study using 135 diploid potato landraces.

2D Molecular Crystals for Electronic and Optoelectronic Devices: Status and Challenges.

2D molecular crystals (2D MCs) are an emerging family of 2D materials formed by organic or inorganic molecules held together entirely by weak intermolecular forces. 2D MCs are gaining attention in electronics and optoelectronics due to their structural diversity, scalability, and strong light-matter interactions. This review provides a comprehensive overview of 2D MCs and their potential in electronic and optoelectronic applications.

Self-Adaptive Polarized Photoresponse in Organic Single-Crystal Phototransistors for Bionic Night-Time Polarization Perception.

The emerging semiconductor micro/nanocrystals with intrinsic anisotropy have provided new perspectives for low-cost and simplified polarimetry. However, the low polarization sensitivity of state-of-the-art polarimeters based on anisotropic semiconductors under weak and partially polarized light severely hinders their practical application in complex dim environments. Here, a photo-adaptive polarization-sensitive organic phototransistor (POL-OPT) is demonstrated for bionic weak-light polarization perception.

Toward a Comprehensive Understanding of Nurses' Compassion Fatigue: A Meta-Integrative Qualitative Synthesis.

Aims: The study aims to conduct a thematic synthesis approach of existing qualitative research to synthesise the real experiences of nurses dealing with compassion fatigue. This integration seeks to provide a comprehensive overview, identify common themes, and offer theoretical support for developing effective intervention strategies to mitigate compassion fatigue in healthcare settings.

Design: A thematic synthesis approach was utilised, synthesising qualitative studies on nurses' experiences of compassion fatigue.

Facing the "Cutting Edge:" Edge Site Engineering on 2D Materials for Electrocatalysis and Photocatalysis.

The utilization of 2D materials as catalysts has garnered significant attention in recent years, primarily due to their exceptional features including high surface area, abundant exposed active sites, and tunable physicochemical properties. The unique geometry of 2D materials imparts them with versatile active sites for catalysis, including basal plane, interlayer, defect, and edge sites. Among these, edge sites hold particular significance as they not only enable the activation of inert 2D catalysts but also serve as platforms for engineering active sites to achieve enhanced catalytic performance.

Constructing Pillar-Layered Covalent Organic Frameworks via Metal-Ligand Coordination for Electrochemical CO Reduction.

Growing global concerns over energy security and climate change have intensified efforts to develop sustainable strategies for electrochemical CO reduction (eCORR). Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) have emerged as promising electrocatalysts for eCORR due to their tunable structures, high surface areas, and abundance of active sites. However, the performance of 2D COFs is often limited by layer stacking, which restricts active site exposure and reduces selectivity.

Advances and Challenges in SnTe-Based Thermoelectrics.

SnTe-based thermoelectric materials have attracted significant attention for their exceptional performance in mid-to-high temperature ranges, positioning them as promising candidates for thermoelectric power generation. However, their efficiency is constrained by challenges related to electronic structure, defect chemistry, and phonon behavior. This review comprehensively summarizes advancements in SnTe thermoelectric materials and devices over the past five years, focusing on strategies to address these limitations.

Mesenchymal Stem Cells With Polydopamine-Coated NaGdF Nanoparticles with Ca Chelation Ability for Ischemic Stroke Therapy.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transplantation is a promising therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke. However, the survival of transplanted MSCs is often compromised by the excessive levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and calcium ions (Ca) in the ischemic microenvironment following blood flow occlusion. In this study, a protective strategy is developed using functional nanomaterials to escort and shield MSCs.

Systematic Profile of Oxylipins in Myocardial Infarction by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry.

Rationale: Oxylipins play an important role in inflammatory processes, accompanying the occurrence of myocardial infarction. Analyzing a wide panel of oxylipins derived from more polyunsaturated fatty acids may provide valuable information to elucidate the relationships between the signaling mediator profile and myocardial infarction comprehensively.

Methods: An ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method for simultaneously measuring 74 oxylipins in 50-μL human samples with a 10-min chromatographic run and easy operation has been developed and validated.

The responses of physical, chemical, and microbiology components on the water quality of Cirebon's estuaries during pre and post-COVID-19 pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to significant societal disruptions, prompting the Indonesian government to implement various measures, including partial lockdowns or Community Activities Restrictions Enforcement (CARE), to curb the virus's spread. This research aims to assess the impact of various environmental parameters on Cirebon's estuaries, focusing on physical components (such as temperature, total solids [TS], and turbidity), chemical components (including pH, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), dissolved oxygen (DO), nitrate, and phosphate), and microbiology components (specifically total coliforms). These comprehensive components have notably impacted environmental parameters during pre-, during, and post-COVID-19 pandemic based on the Water Quality Index (WQI) assessment in Cirebon's estuaries.

Comparison of water exchange measurements between filter-exchange imaging and diffusion time-dependent kurtosis imaging in the human brain.

Purpose: Filter-exchange imaging (FEXI) and diffusion time (t)-dependent kurtosis imaging (DKI(t)) are two diffusion-based methods that have been proposed for in vivo measurements of water exchange rates. Few studies have directly compared these methods. We aimed to investigate whether FEXI and DKI(t) yield comparable water exchange measurements in the human brain in vivo.

Factors Influencing Liver Cirrhosis Progression in Wilson's Disease Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study Over 5 Years.

Objectives: Wilson's disease (WD) is a rare autosomal recessive inherited disorder characterized by dysregulated copper metabolism, amenable to treatment with chelating agents. It manifests with hepatic and neurological symptoms, often precipitating the development of liver cirrhosis as a prominent complication. This study aims to elucidate the factors, biomarker alterations, and therapeutic modalities influencing the progression of cirrhosis in WD patients.