Sovleplenib in patients with primary or secondary warm autoimmune haemolytic anaemia: results from phase 2 of a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2/3 study.

Background: Spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitors are potential treatment options for warm autoimmune haemolytic anaemia. This study aimed to assess the preliminary efficacy and safety of sovleplenib-an oral spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitor-in patients with warm autoimmune haemolytic anaemia in China. Here we report on the phase 2 results.

Association between behavioral jet lag with subjective and objective circadian rhythm among Chinese young adults.

Background: Behavioral jet lags (social and eating jet lag), the difference in sleep and eating time between weekdays and weekends, are ubiquitous in modern society. However, evidence on the effects of behavioral jet lags on circadian rhythm is limited.

Methods: Social jet lag was assessed using wrist-worn accelerometers.

Evolving the job demands-resources framework to JD-R 3.0: The impact of after-hours connectivity and organizational support on employee psychological distress.

This study extends the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) framework by proposing JD-R 3.0, which explores the dynamic and nonlinear relationships among Work Connectivity Behavior After-Hours (WCBA), Perceived Organizational Support (POS), and employee outcomes, with a specific focus on psychological contract violation (PCV) and psychological distress. Data were collected from 625 employees in a large financial organization in China across two waves, and polynomial regression and response surface analysis were used for hypothesis testing.

Stability of lead immobilization by Aspergillus niger and fluorapatite under different pH conditions.

The combination of Aspergillus niger (A. niger) and fluorapatite (FAp) has been applied in lead (Pb) immobilization. However, the different pH can affect the stability of the immobilized Pb minerals.

Triiodothyronine activates THRβ to promote PGC1α expression alleviating PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis.

Thyroid hormone (TH) and it most active form triiodothyronine (T3) are crucial in promoting mitochondrial biogenesis and maintaining cellular homeostasis during the stress response, but their role in paraquat (PQ)-induced pulmonary fibrosis isunclear. The aim of this study was to examine whether there was a deficiency of TH in mouse lung tissue after PQ administration, and to explore the effect of T3, and potential mechanisms of action, in alleviation of PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis. We found that the activity and expression of iodothyronine deiodinase 2 (DIO2), an enzyme that activates TH, were higher in the lungs of patients with pulmonary fibrosis than in controls.

Comprehensive multi-omics, behavioral and morphological analysis of the hazards of nano-plastics in mice with internal carotid artery occlusion.

Accumulation of nanoplastics (NPs) poses a severe threat to the homeostasis of the internal environment in patients with chronic diseases. The effects of NP contamination on health in chronically ill populations must urgently be elucidated. In this study, NPs injected via the tail vein were distributed in the brain and internal organs in a mouse model of chronic internal carotid occlusion.

Thiacloprid exposure disrupts the gut-liver axis and induces liver dysfunction in the Reeves' turtles (Mauremys reevesii).

As one of the neonicotinoid insecticides, thiacloprid (THI) is extensively used in agriculture and frequently detected in various aquatic environments, posing a potential threat to aquatic organisms. However, the effects of THI exposure on aquatic turtles remain unknown. In this study, we focused on investigating whether THI has a toxic effect on the gut-liver axis in aquatic turtles.

CaCO-coated indoxacarb deep eutectic solvent complexed with diatomaceous earth improves insecticidal activity against the red imported fire ants.

The red imported fire ants (RIFAs) are a globally important invasive pest that severely affects the ecosystem and human health, and its current control is primarily through chemical pesticides. However, the extensive use of chemical pesticides causes environmental problems, and alternative strategies for controlling this pest are being explored. In our study, we aimed to design a deep eutectic solvent (DES)-CaCO system in which RIFAs were used as target insects to increase the lethal activity and behavioural regulation effects on RIFAs via contact and feeding.

Assessing chemical exposure risk in breastfeeding infants: An explainable machine learning model for human milk transfer prediction.

Breast milk is essential for infant health, but the transfer of xenobiotic chemicals poses significant risks. Ethical challenges in clinical trials necessitate the use of in vitro predictive models to assess chemical exposure risks in breastfeeding infants. This study introduces an explainable machine learning model to predict the risk of chemical transfer through human milk.

Local control of S atoms on the Co-SACs for effective activation of PMS and degradation imidacloprid: Mechanism insights and toxicity evaluation.

Imidacloprid (IMI), as an emerging pollutant, is frequently detected in pesticide wastewater. Cobalt-based single-atom catalysts (Co-SACs) doped with sulfur atoms can serve as an efficient strategy to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and degrade organic pollutants. The paper employed density functional theory and computational toxicology to deeply explore the mechanism and ecotoxicity of IMI when S atoms were introduced into Co-SACs for PMS activation.

Bisphenol A induces apoptosis and disrupts testosterone synthesis in TM3 cells via reactive oxygen species-mediated mitochondrial pathway and autophagic flux inhibition.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a common endocrine disruptor chemical that is widely used in the production of food plastic packaging, and it has been shown to potentially harm the reproductive system. However, the specific mechanism by which BPA induces apoptosis of Leydig cells (LCs) and inhibits testosterone synthesis in these cells is unclear. In the present study, TM3 cells were used as an experimental model in combination with a reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger (N-acetylcysteine), Caspase-3 inhibitor (Ac-DEVD-CHO), autophagy activator (Torin2), and autophagy inhibitor (Chloroquine) to investigate the potential mechanisms by which BPA causes TM3 cell damage in vitro.

Bidirectional effect modifications of temperature and PM on myocardial infarction morbidity and mortality in Beijing, China from 2007 to 2021.

Background: Ambient temperatures and PM can trigger myocardial infarction (MI), while little is known about the complex interplay between these two factors on MI, especially morbidity.

Objectives: To investigate bidirectional effect modifications of temperature and PM on MI morbidity and mortality.

Methods: A time-stratified case-crossover study was conducted utilizing high-resolution data of temperature and PM, along with 498,077 MI cases from the citywide registry in Beijing, China from 2007 to 2021.

The combination of polystyrene microplastics and di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate promotes the conjugative transfer of antibiotic resistance genes between bacteria.

Plastic pollution has become a common phenomenon. The process of plastic degradation is accompanied by the release of microplastics and plasticizers. However, the coexistence of microplastics and plasticizers on the transfer of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) has not been reported until now.

Comparative genomics analysis of the reason for C heavy-ion irradiation in improving FeO nanoparticle yield of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans.

The FeO nanoparticle synthesized by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans have a broad practical value, while the low yield limits their commercial application. Herein, we employed a C heavy-ion beam to induce mutagenesis of A. ferrooxidans BYM and successfully screened a mutant BYMT-200 with a 1.

In vitro study of the pro-apoptotic mechanism of amino acid Schiff base copper complexes on anaplastic thyroid cancer.

In the endocrine system, anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is extremely aggressive since it inhibits the majority of medications and treatments. Therefore, there is an immediate demand to identify new treatment approaches or drugs to deal with ATC. Recently, amino acid Schiff base copper complexes have received great attention due to their excellent anti-tumor activity.

Unraveling the mechanisms underlying AOM-induced deterioration of the settling performance of algal floc.

The influence of algal organic matter (AOM) on the settling performance of algal flocs remains poorly understood. To address this, we employed fractionation techniques based on molecular weight to isolate different AOM fractions and analyzed their effects on floc structure and settling performance. This involved comparing the concentrations, compositions, potentials, and functional groups of organic matter before and after coagulation-sedimentation.

Why the disinfection efficiency of ultraviolet radiation may become unsatisfactory at low suspended solid concentrations: The mechanism of extracellular polymeric substances secretion induced by different particles.

Due to the global outbreaks caused by pathogens, disinfection has attracted widespread attention, especially as the final inactivation step in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is regarded as one of low carbon disinfection methods without chemical agents, but in practice, the effects are sometimes unsatisfactory, e.g.

Reverse osmosis membrane fouling caused by typical surfactants in the integrated circuit industry: Fouling mechanism and control strategies.

In the integrated circuit manufacturing process, reverse osmosis (RO) membranes are widely used for wastewater reclamation. However, fouling by typical surfactants significantly reduces membrane efficiency and lifespan. This study investigates the fouling mechanisms of typical surfactants-cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB, cationic), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS, anionic), and polyoxyethylene octyl phenyl ether (TX, nonionic)-on RO membranes.

Mechanisms controlling spatial variability of geogenic ammonium in coastal aquifers: Insights from Holocene sedimentary evolution.

The contamination of groundwater with geogenic ammonium (NH) across various geological backgrounds has garnered significant attention, particularly in coastal aquifer systems. However, there remains a gap in our understanding of the mechanisms governing the spatial variability of NH in coastal groundwater at a macroscopic scale. In this study, we collected the sediment samples from two boreholes corresponding to high-NH-N and low-NH-N groundwater.

Integrated real-time intelligent control for wastewater treatment plants: Data-driven modeling for enhanced prediction and regulatory strategies.

Both mechanical models and machine learning-based models are widely utilized for real-time dynamic control; however, their implementation in the water sector often incurs significant data and computational costs. To address these challenges, this study introduces an innovative feature extraction method designed to enhance the cost-effectiveness of dynamic control in wastewater treatment plants. The proposed method extracts dynamic features from time-series data of key substrate variables to construct a data-driven model and develop real-time control strategies.

Multi-stage optimization framework for synergetic grey-green infrastructure in response to long-term climate variability based on shared socio-economic pathways.

Global climate change and rapid urbanization have increasingly intensified extreme rainfall events and surface runoff, posing significant challenges to urban hydrological security. Synergetic Grey-Green Infrastructure (SGGI) has been widely applied to enhance stormwater management in urban areas. However, current research primarily focused on optimizing and evaluating either grey infrastructure (GREI) or green infrastructure (GI) under single rainfall event, neglecting the non-stationary impacts of long-term climate change on infrastructure performance.

The capacity of human interventions to regulate PM concentration has substantially improved in China.

The rapid urbanization in China has brought about serious air pollution problems, which are likely to persist for a considerable period as the urbanization process continues. In urban areas, the spatial distribution of air pollutants represented by PM has been proved mainly affected by emission, urban landscape pattern (short as ULP), as well as meteorological conditions. However, the contributions of these factors can seriously vary with different periods of urban development.

Sources of PM exposure and health benefits of clean air actions in Shanghai.

Estimating PM exposure and its health impacts in cities involves large uncertainty due to the limitations of model resolutions. Consequently, attributing the sources of PM-related health impacts at the city level remains challenging. We characterize the health impacts associated with chronic PM exposure and anthropogenic emissions in Shanghai using a chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) and its adjoint.

Optimal submicron roughness for balancing degradation behavior, immune modulation, and microbial adhesion on zinc-based barrier membranes.

Metallic zinc (Zn) has been demonstrated to be a promising alternative to barrier membrane materials for guided bone regeneration. Surface roughness significantly affects the properties of degradable Zn-based metals, especially within the Janus micro-environments of tissue regeneration. However, the effects of optimal surface roughness on Zn remain unknown.

Yiqi Huayu Jiedu formula inhibits JAK2/STAT3-mediated partial EMT in treating chronic atrophic gastritis.

Background: Chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) is a precursor to gastric cancer, a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Despite current therapeutic strategies, preventing the transition from gastritis to cancer remains a challenge. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), particularly the Yiqi-Huayu-Jiedu (YQHYJD) formula, have exhibited promising results in CAG management.