Molecular mechanisms by which polyethylene terephthalate (PET) microplastic and PET leachate promote the growth of benthic cyanobacteria.

Toxic blooms of benthic cyanobacteria greatly threaten freshwater ecological health and drinking water safety. Meanwhile, microplastic pollution is becoming increasingly severe and microplastics accumulate in large quantities at the bottom of lakes and rivers, widely coexisting with algae. However, impacts of microplastics on benthic cyanobacteria are still unknown.

Methotrexate resistance and its regulatory mechanisms in pediatric tumors and beyond.

Methotrexate (MTX) is a critical antimetabolite drug in treating various pediatric diseases, including acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), brain tumors, osteosarcoma, inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT), juvenile scleroderma (JS), and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). MTX acts as a folate antagonist by inhibiting dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), an enzyme essential for the synthesis of tetrahydrofolate. This disruption impairs DNA synthesis, repair, and cellular replication, particularly affecting rapidly dividing cells.

Dexmedetomidine modulates peritoneal macrophage to attenuate lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation.

Purpose: To investigate how Dexmedetomidine (Dex) modulates the function of peritoneal macrophages (PMs) to reduce lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation.

Methods: The anti-inflammatory effect of Dex on LPS-stimulated PMs was assessed by examining its impact on their proliferation, phagocytosis, and polarization. Proliferation and phagocytic activity were measured using CCK-8 and Neutral Red staining assays, respectively.

USP14 inhibits sensitization-mediated degradation of KDM4D to epigenetically regulate dendritic cell tolerogenic capacity and mitigates airway allergy.

Numerous immune disorders are caused by the dysfunction of dendritic cells (DC). The mechanism has not been fully comprehended yet. This research is designed to regulate the epigenetic status of lysine-specific demethylase 4D (KDM4D) to enhance DC's immune tolerogenic capacity.

The development of multicolor carbon dots and their applications in the field of anti-counterfeiting.

The diversity of photoluminescence emission of multicolor carbon dots (mCDs) greatly broadens their application field. Counterfeiting is a problem that has serious consequences for individuals and society. The fluorescent ink based on mCDs has been developed due to their low toxicity and good resistance to photobleaching in the field of anti-counterfeiting.

Advancing anaerobic microbial studies with in situ Raman spectroscopy: Methanogenic archaea as a model.

Methanogenic archaea play a critical role in methane (CH) production and the global carbon cycle, yet accurately monitoring their gas metabolism under anaerobic conditions remains a technical challenge. In this study, we developed a Raman spectroscopy-based gas quantification model, achieving high-precision monitoring of CO-N-CH ternary gas mixtures over a temperature range of 12-52 °C. The model exhibited strong linear correlations between the Raman peak area ratios and gas molar ratios, which were further validated against gas chromatography, revealing no significant differences (p > 0.

Split T7 switch-based orthogonal logic operation of fluorogenic RNA aptamer for small molecules detection.

Recent advances in fluorescent biosensors have stimulated the development of molecular detection. We herein developed a new orthogonal logic operation of fluorescent biosensor with cell-free to accomplish the detection of atrazine (ATZ) and tetrachlorobiphenyls (PCB77). The transcriptional process to generate fluorescent RNA aptamers (Mango) was controlled by molecules-probe bindings, which regulate split T7 promoter transcription switches ON or OFF.

An endoplasmic reticulum-targeted and near-infrared fluorescent probe for determining hydrogen polysulfides derived from a naphthalimide.

Hydrogen polysulfides (HS, n > 1) was the oxidized form of HS and plays significant roles in physiological and pathological processes. Abnormal levels of HS is associated with a series of physiological diseases. The endoplasmic reticulum-targetable fluorescent probes are rare for determining HS.

Photo-responsive color/fluorescence efficient dual-switching properties of diarylethene modified Eu-doped ZnO@Silane quantum dots.

Photo-responsive switches are very promising materials due to their potential applications in many fields. However, photo-controlled color/fluorescence dual-switching with higher modulation efficiency has rarely been reported. Herein, two new optical responsive switches were constructed by Eu-doped ZnO@Silane quantum dots (Eu:ZnO@Silane QDs) and two diarylethenes.

A near-infrared "turn-on" fluorescent probe for selective detection of copper(II) ions in aqueous media and its application in cell imaging.

Copper (II) is considered the third most essential trace element for life, following iron and zinc, and plays a vital role in various physiological and pathological processes. The fluorescent probe has become an important method for the detection of heavy metal ions. This investigation involved the development and synthesis of a near-infrared "turn-on" fluorescent probe, DCX-Cu, with a significant Stokes shift (156 nm), specifically to identify Cu compared other ions.

Multi-wavelength emission nitrogen-doped carbon dots as fluorescent nanosensing platform for the detection of ascorbic acid and their application in bioimaging tracking.

Vitamins are indispensable active components of the human body, and their abnormal levels are often closely related to various diseases. Therefore, searching for ultra-sensitive and accurate vitamin detection strategies is essential and significant for clinical examination and diagnosis. In this paper, multi-wavelength emission fluorescent nitrogen-doped carbon dots (N-doped CDs) were synthesized by a one-step solvothermal method using four-leaf green fluorescent extract, O-phenylenediamine, and β-cyclodextrin as the raw materials, and N, N-dimethylformamide as the solvent.

From patterns to pathways: Latent class trajectories of self-perceptions of aging and their causal effects on multi-state functional transitions.

Objectives: This study examines the heterogeneous developmental trajectories of self-perceptions of aging (SPA) and their causal effects on functional health transitions in older adults. Specifically, we aim to identify latent classes of SPA development, assess their impact on multi-state functional transitions, and quantify the loss in healthy life expectancy attributable to negative SPA.

Methods: Drawing from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (2008-2018; n = 14,020), we implemented latent class trajectory modeling to identify SPA developmental patterns.

Association between physical frailty and social support in community-dwelling older adults: A systematic review.

Introduction: Older adults with frailty have an increased likelihood of unmet care needs, falls and fractures and so on, which brings serious burdens to society. By evaluating the association between physical frailty and social support in community-dwelling older adults, we will provide reference for preventing the occurrence of frailty.

Methods: Cross-sectional and longitudinal studies on association between frailty and social support in community-dwelling older adults were mainly searched from the database of Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL Plus and Web of Science from their establishment to February 16, 2024.

Impact of ultralow oxygen preservation on the quality of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma evaluated by multi-chromatographic determination of small molecules and polysaccharides.

Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (AMR) is one of the commonly used medicinal and edible herbs in China. To prevent infestation of moths and mildew, chemical-fumigation is applied during post-harvest processing, which would produce harmful substances. Ultralow oxygen (ULO) storage, as a potential controlled atmosphere preservation method for Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCMs), has no residue of chemical hazards, but its impact on chemical composition of TCMs is unclear.

Task-augmented cross-view imputation network for partial multi-view incomplete multi-label classification.

In real-world scenarios, multi-view multi-label learning often encounters the challenge of incomplete training data due to limitations in data collection and unreliable annotation processes. The absence of multi-view features impairs the comprehensive understanding of samples, omitting crucial details essential for classification. To address this issue, we present a task-augmented cross-view imputation network (TACVI-Net) for the purpose of handling partial multi-view incomplete multi-label classification.

Attribute-guided feature fusion network with knowledge-inspired attention mechanism for multi-source remote sensing classification.

Land use and land cover (LULC) classification is a popular research area in remote sensing. The information of single-modal data is insufficient for accurate classification, especially in complex scenes, while the complementarity of multi-modal data such as hyperspectral images (HSIs) and light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data could effectively improve classification performance. The attention mechanism has recently been widely used in multi-modal LULC classification methods to achieve better feature representation.

Self-training EEG discrimination model with weakly supervised sample construction: An age-based perspective on ASD evaluation.

Deep learning for Electroencephalography (EEG) has become dominant in the tasks of discrimination and evaluation of brain disorders. However, despite its significant successes, this approach has long been facing challenges due to the limited availability of labeled samples and the individuality of subjects, particularly in complex scenarios such as Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). To facilitate the efficient optimization of EEG discrimination models in the face of these limitations, this study has developed a framework called STEM (Self-Training EEG Model).

Neural networks trained by weight permutation are universal approximators.

The universal approximation property is fundamental to the success of neural networks, and has traditionally been achieved by training networks without any constraints on their parameters. However, recent experimental research proposed a novel permutation-based training method, which exhibited a desired classification performance without modifying the exact weight values. In this paper, we provide a theoretical guarantee of this permutation training method by proving its ability to guide a ReLU network to approximate one-dimensional continuous functions.

Context dependence masks the long-term harm of Spartina alterniflora invasion on macrobenthos in China.

The invasion of Spartina alterniflora poses a significant threat to the biodiversity of tidal wetlands, including mangroves, native saltmarshes, and mudflats. However, its impact on macrobenthos, a key group within these ecosystems, remains a subject of debate. In a meta-analysis of 2411 data points from 105 studies on macrobenthos in China's tidal wetlands, we found that at the coastal scale of mainland China, S.

Surface ammonification regulates oxygen vacancies and acidic sites in δ-MnO to enhance low-temperature selective catalytic oxidation activity of ammonia.

Selective catalytic oxidation (NH-SCO) is presently among the foremost technologies for eliminating the malodorous gaseous NH. Simultaneously achieving high NH conversion and high selectivity towards N at low temperatures poses a considerable hurdle. Surface oxygen vacancies and acidic sites, acting as adsorption and active sites in NH-SCO, hold the key to realizing efficient catalytic activity.

Spatiotemporal evolution and driving factors of agricultural non-point source pollution in the context of economic green development.

Agricultural non-point source pollution (ANPSP) impacts water quality in the core water source area (CWSA) of the Middle Route of the South North Water Diversion Project. Effective governance is required to manage water pollution in this area. An inventory analysis method was used in the CSWA to estimate the ANPSP loads between 2006 and 2020.

Environmental justice implications of hydraulic fracturing: A spatio-temporal analysis in texas.

This study contributes to the field of environmental justice by addressing two key questions: (1) To what extent are racial and ethnic composition, socio-demographic characteristics, and housing-related factors associated with the siting of hydraulic fracturing wells in the U.S.? and (2) How have these associations evolved over time, and have demographic changes contributed to increased environmental justice concerns? Using a panel dataset from FracFocus and the American Community Survey at the census-tract level between 2011 and 2023, the findings reveal that hydraulic fracturing wells are disproportionately located near census tracts with higher percentages of Black and Hispanic populations, indicating environmental injustice towards racial minorities.

Synergizing oxygen vacancy engineering and f-Electron doping to Promote dynamics of Rare-Earth-Doped bismuth Oxyhalides for photocatalysis.

Efficient exciton dissociation and surface molecular oxygen activation are crucial for advancing photocatalysis in energy and environmental applications. However, photocatalytic performance is often limited by complex electron-nuclear interactions and strong exciton binding energies, primarily due to significant exciton effects. In this work, we introduce a novel strategy to enhance exciton dissociation by doping samarium (Sm) into bismuth oxoiodide (BiOI) to modulate the concentration of oxygen vacancies (Ov).

Silver niobate/platinum piezoelectric heterojunction enhancing intra-tumoral infiltration of immune cells for transforming "cold tumor" into "hot tumor".

Cancer immunotherapy represents a promising strategy, however, its efficacy is often hindered by high tumor interstitial fluid pressure (TIFP) due to fluid retention, and strong solid stress (SS) caused by the excessive proliferation of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). These factors limit the infiltration of immune cells into the deeper layers of tumors, thereby reducing the efficacy of immunotherapy. In this study, we designed an innovative AgNbO/Pt@HA (ANPH) Schottky heterojunction system to induce ultrasound (US)-triggered piezocatalytic reactions for cancer therapy, which catalyze the water decomposition in the tumor interstitial fluid to produce H, therefore, resulting in a 48.

Rational design and structure-activity relationship of random copolymers for enhanced siRNA delivery.

Hypothesis: Cationic polymers and their derivatives have garnered significant interest as advanced vectors for siRNA delivery. Recently, we developed a robust diblock copolymer featuring an innovative binding block and a stealth block that work synergistically to facilitate efficient delivery of biotherapeutics. However, the fundamental mechanisms underlying its superior delivery capacity remain to be fully elucidated.