Development of poly(lactic acid)/polyvinyl alcohol-based temperature-responsive shell-core nanofibers: Controlled release, biosafety evaluation, and application in raspberry preservation.

With the increasing demand for sustainable and effective food preservation methods, the development of novel smart preservation materials has become a pressing need. A temperature-responsive smart nanofiber material with a shell-core structure, polyvinyl alcohol/poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)/polylactic acid/lemon essential oil (PPPL), was developed by incorporating lemon essential oil as a core-layer preservative and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) as a temperature-responsive shell layer. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed the shell-core structure of the fibers.

Efficient cleavage of CO bond of lignin by synergistic electrocatalysis using a polyoxometalate catalyst with bimetallic sites.

This study reported a low-cost and highly efficient Dexter-Silverton polyoxometalate (POM)/Ni foam composite (NiCo-POM/NF) with bimetallic sites for acetophenone production. With this novel composite as an electrocatalyst, β-O-4 in 2-phenoxy-1-phenylethanol (PPE), a typical β-O-4 model, can be selectively oxidized to aromatic chemicals with excellent yields (62 %-74 %) by controlled-potential electrolysis. A PPE conversion of 99.

A novel self-ratiometric fluorescent sensor of sodium alginate hydrogel bead doping with coumarin derivative with extremely acidic pH visual monitoring of fruit juice freshness.

The slight acidic pH changes during food storage and transportation are often difficult to detect in a timely and accurate manner. There is also an urgent need to establish a portable, accurate, and low interference detection method for real-time monitoring of the quality changes of fresh juice that already has its own color. In this paper, a self-ratiometric fluorescent sensor (DCCA/SA bead) was prepared by combining a modified coumarin and sodium alginate (SA), and was used for the extreme pH monitoring of fluorescent by naked eye colorimetry.

Functional modification of edible film based on egg white protein and its application in food preservation: A review.

Based on the urgent need for environmental protection, traditional petroleum-based packaging materials are gradually being replaced by non-toxic and biodegradable biopolymer packaging materials such as proteins, polysaccharides and lipids. Among them, egg white protein (EWP) has been widely concerned because of its excellent gel film forming properties and high nutritional value. EWP film has the advantages of high mechanical strength, good stability, high transparency, controllable cost, good compatibility with human tissue, etc.

Influence of γ irradiation on the physicochemical properties of tapioca granular starch-ascorbyl palmitate complexes.

The original starch was irradiated with γ-rays at doses ranging from 0 to 10 kGy to investigate how irradiation influences the formation of tapioca granular starch-ascorbyl palmitate (TGS-AP) complexes. The results indicated that the pretreatment of tapioca starch with appropriate irradiation doses effectively increased the content of AP encapsulated in the complex, and the loading efficiency increased from 22.74 % (0 kGy) to a maximum of 32.

Glymphatic dysfunction in moyamoya disease: the influence of arterial stenosis and ventricular enlargement.

The glymphatic system is a vascular-dependent network, involving cerebrospinal fluid circulation, that facilitates waste clearance from the brain. Although glymphatic dysfunction has been implicated in various neurologic diseases, its influencing factors are still not fully understood. We aimed to evaluate glymphatic clearance in moyamoya disease (MMD) and explore its associations with arterial stenosis and ventricular size.

Longitudinal changes of blood-brain barrier and transcytolemmal water exchange permeability in Alzheimer's disease mice: A non-contrast MRI study.

Growing evidence suggests that Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been linked with the dysfunction of glymphatic system. Previous studies were primarily cross-sectional and focused on only one specific component, hindering the understanding of overall glymphatic function in AD. We evaluated the longitudinal changes in multiple components of glymphatic system (blood-brain barrier (BBB) and transcytolemmal water exchange (TWE) permeability) in AD mice.

Context Influence on Speech Perception: Evidence for Acoustic-Level Mechanism Across the Voice Onset Time Continuum.

Contextual information plays a significant role in shaping our perception of speech, yet it remains uncertain at which level of processing such information integrates with acoustic cues. A key area of debate is whether top-down information influences acoustic encoding within the lower levels of the speech-processing hierarchy. This study employed a machine learning algorithm to decode the voice onset time (VOT) of speech and investigated how the gender of the speaker of a precursor sentence impacted subsequent speech perception.

IRE1α/TRAF2/NF-κB pathway promotes apoptosis via regulating inflammatory cytokines and aggravates brain injury after SAH.

Objectives: To investigate the effect of IRE1α/TRAF2/NF-κB pathway on early brain injury.

Methods: An endovascular puncture model of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) was developed and SAH grading was performed. The following groups of experimental animals were randomly assigned: Blank group, Sham group, SAH+ DMSO group, SAH+STF-083010(IRE1α inhibitor) group, and SAH+BAY11-7082(NF-κB inhibitor) group.

Oral ADC189 for Adults and Adolescents with Uncomplicated Influenza.

Objectives: ADC189 is a novel anti-influenza virus inhibitor. In this study, we aimed to evaluated the safety and efficacy of ADC189 in outpatients with uncomplicated influenza infection.

Methods: In the phase 2 trial, we assigned patients in a 2:2:1 ratio to receive either single dose 15-mg or 45-mg of ADC189 or placebo.

Music Boosts the Recovery of Attention after Mental Fatigue in Healthy Young Male Subjects: A Human Auditory Event-Related Potential Study.

Daily life faces continuous cognitive tasks. Several methods could lessen cognitive fatigue including music. To find out how music functions in recovering cognitive fatigue, twenty-seven participants were randomly assigned to the rest group (N=12) and the music group (N=15).

Dendrobine Alleviates LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury via Activation of the PI3K/AKT/GSK3β Pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Dendrobine, a bioactive compound isolated from the traditional Chinese medicinal herb, Dendrobium nobile Lindl, is recognized for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, its role and precise mechanisms in sepsis-associated acute lung injury (ALI) remain unexplored.

Aim Of The Study: To elucidate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of dendrobine in sepsis-associated ALI and explore its underlying mechanisms in a sepsis mouse model.

The main active components of Prunella vulgaris L. alleviate myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting oxidative stress and ferroptosis via the NRF2/GPX4 pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Prunella vulgaris L. (PV) is a widely distributed medicinal and edible plant used in traditional Chinese medicine for its anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, hypoglycemic, and anti-hypertensive effects. Despite the numerous studies reporting on its cardiovascular protective effects, it is still not known whether PV could relieve myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MI/R) injury.

Establishment of an efficacy-oriented quality grading framework for herbal medicines: Phyllanthus emblica as an example.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Quality control is a powerful method for ensuring the effectiveness and safety of herbal medicines. Phyllanthus emblica L. fruit (PE) has been extensively used in both Ayurvedic and traditional Chinese medicine.

Exploring the tissue distribution propensity of active alkaloids in normal and stomach heat syndrome rats following oral administration of Zuojin Pill based on pharmacokinetics and mass spectrometry imaging.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Zuojin Pill (ZJP) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula composed of Coptidis Rhizoma and Euodiae Fructus in a ratio of 6:1 (w/w), which has been widely used for treating gastrointestinal disorders, especially stomach heat syndrome (SHS). However, the active alkaloids in ZJP showed low plasma exposure in rats following oral administration, which failed to explain their potent pharmacological effects, thereby limiting further mechanism studies.

Aim Of The Study: This study aimed to investigate the in vivo exposure and tissue distribution propensities of the active alkaloids in normal and SHS rats following oral administration of ZJP.

Characterization of the Vaginal Microbiota in Women of Childbearing Age with different Nugent Scores.

The present study investigated the richness and diversity of vaginal microbiota among a cohort of 60 childbearing-age women. The samples were classified into three groups: healthy control (HC), bacterial vaginosis (BV), and BV intermediate (BVI). The number of Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) per sample ranged from 50 to 212, with three groups having 469 (HC), 482 (BVI), and 456 (BV) OTUs.

Tryptanthrin alleviate lung fibrosis via suppression of MAPK/NF-κB and TGF-β1/SMAD signaling pathways in vitro and in vivo.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), a progressive interstitial lung disease of unknown etiology, remains a therapeutic challenge with limited treatment options. This study investigates the therapeutic potential and molecular mechanisms of Tryptanthrin, a bioactive indole quinazoline alkaloid derived from Isatis tinctoria L., in pulmonary fibrosis.

Proline betaine facilitates angiogenesis in bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Background: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is prevalent and severe diseases in preterm infants, characterized by abnormal lung development. This study aims to investigate the therapeutic potential of proline betaine, a natural alkaloid recognized for its vasculo-protective and anti-inflammatory properties, in BPD model.

Methods: Network pharmacology was utilized to predict the targets of proline betaine and BPD-related genes (BPD-RGs).

Functional identification of mango MiEXPLA1a2 and MiEXPA4e1 genes in transgenic Arabidopsis and tomato.

Expansin (EXP) is an intrinsic regulator of plant cell expansion, and have been shown to play a role in each stages of plant growth and development. But has not yet been fully studied in mango. In this experiment, two pairs of homologous genes MiEXPA1s and MiEXPA4s were firstly excavated from mango genome.

The TyG Index Correlation with Invasive Ventilator in Critically ill Patients: A Retrospective Analysis of the MIMIC-IV Database.

Background: Insulin resistance is common in critically ill patients. It is not known whether it is associated with the use of invasive ventilation. This study investigated the relationship between the triglyceride glycemic index (TyG) and the risk of invasive ventilator use in critically ill patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU).

Efficacy of 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy for Olsen Grade 3 actinic keratosis: A prospective cohort study.

Background: Actinic keratosis (AK) is a common cutaneous keratinocyte dysplasia categorized by Olsen Grade (OG) 1-3. OG 3 AK, which has a higher risk of progressing to cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), presents treatment challenges. While 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) is effective for non-hyperkeratotic AK (OG 1-2), its efficacy for OG 3 AK remains debated.

Photodynamic Therapy Combined with Curettage for Actinic Keratosis on the Face and Scalp: An Efficient Management for Field Cancerization.

Background: Actinic keratosis (AK) frequently manifests as multiple regional lesions on the exposed areas of the face and scalp. The simultaneous treatment of extensive lesions with varying degrees poses a significant challenge.

Objective: This study evaluated the efficacy and patient satisfaction of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) photodynamic therapy (PDT) combined with curettage in managing extensive AK on the face and scalp.

Performance of Raman Spectroscopy in biopsy tissue for rapid diagnosis of Tracheobronchial Tuberculosis: a prospective study.

Tracheobronchial tuberculosis (TBTB) is a specific form of pulmonary tuberculosis characterized by Mycobacterium tuberculosis involvement in the tracheobronchial tree. Rapid and accurate diagnostic tools for TBTB are crucial. Raman spectroscopy (RS) is a noninvasive tool that accesses molecular vibrations and sample characteristics, enabling the creation of a molecular fingerprint of biological samples, which has enormous potential on clinical diagnosis for TBTB.

Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment for Chronic Insomnia at High Altitude: A Prospective, Randomized, Open-Label, Parallel-Group Trial.

Background: Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) has been proposed to be effective for treating chronic insomnia at high altitudes.

Methods: Patients suffering from chronic insomnia at high altitude were randomly assigned at a 1:1 ratio to either the hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) treatment group or the control group for a 10-day procedure. The primary outcome was insomnia status, which was assessed via the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI).