Foliar application of nano biochar solution elevates tomato productivity by counteracting the effect of salt stress insights into morphological physiological and biochemical indices.

Nano-biochar considers a versatile and valuable sorbent to enhance plant productivity by improving soil environment and emerged as a novel solution for environmental remediation and sustainable agriculture in modern era. In this study, roles of foliar applied nanobiochar colloidal solution (NBS) on salt stressed tomato plants were investigated. For this purpose, NBS was applied (0%, 1% 3% and 5%) on two groups of plants (control 0 mM and salt stress 60 mM).

Mitochondrial Dysfunction in HFpEF: Potential Interventions Through Exercise.

HFpEF is a prevalent and complex type of heart failure. The concurrent presence of conditions such as obesity, hypertension, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia significantly increase the risk of developing HFpEF. Mitochondria, often referred to as the powerhouses of the cell, are crucial in maintaining cellular functions, including ATP production, intracellular Ca regulation, reactive oxygen species generation and clearance, and the regulation of apoptosis.

Targeting aldehyde dehydrogenase ALDH3A1 increases ferroptosis vulnerability in squamous cancer.

Ferroptosis is a unique modality of regulated cell death induced by excessive lipid peroxidation, playing a crucial role in tumor suppression and providing potential therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. Here, we find that aldehyde dehydrogenase-ALDH3A1 tightly links to ferroptosis in squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). Functional assays demonstrate the enzymatic activity-dependent regulation of ALDH3A1 in protecting SCC cells against ferroptosis through catalyzing aldehydes and mitigating lipid peroxidation.

Finding a needle in a haystack: functional screening for novel targets in cancer immunology and immunotherapies.

Genome-wide functional genetic screening has been widely used in the biomedicine field, which makes it possible to find a needle in a haystack at the genetic level. In cancer research, gene mutations are closely related to tumor development, metastasis, and recurrence, and the use of state-of-the-art powerful screening technologies, such as clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR), to search for the most critical genes or coding products provides us with a new possibility to further refine the cancer mapping and provide new possibilities for the treatment of cancer patients. The use of CRISPR screening for the most critical genes or coding products has further refined the cancer atlas and provided new possibilities for the treatment of cancer patients.

A cross-tissue transcriptome-wide association study identifies new susceptibility genes for benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a prevalent urinary system disorder. Despite evidence of a significant genetic component from previous studies, the specific pathogenic genes and biological mechanisms are still largely unknown. The study utilized the FinnGen R10 dataset, encompassing 177,901 individuals (36,601 cases and 141,300 controls), and the GTEx v8 EQTLs files to conduct single-tissue and cross-tissue transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS).

Genetic association of lipid-lowering drug target genes with pancreatic cancer: a Mendelian randomization study.

Previous studies have found that dyslipidemia is a risk factor for pancreatic cancer (PC), and that lipid-lowering drugs may reduce the risk of PC. However, it is not clear whether dyslipidemia causes PC. The Mendelian randomization (MR) study aimed to investigate the causal role of lipid traits in pancreatic cancer and to assess the potential impact of lipid-lowering drug targets on pancreatic cancer.

Identification of gas outburst precursors based on outburst percolation theory.

Uniaxial compression experiments were conducted on coal rock utilizing a computed tomography (CT) scanning system for real-time monitoring to explain the issue of gas volume significantly exceeding reservoir capacity during coal and gas outbursts. A percolation factor a which can make a significant contribution to the research on premonitory information of gas outbursts is introduced to determine whether percolation occurs in coal rock, and supports the outburst percolation theory. It was found that percolation probability and correlation length increase with greater porosity, and that the number of pore clusters decreases as porosity increases.

Investigation into the PSD characteristics of internally unstable soils susceptible to suffosion.

Internal instability of embankment soils under seepage can occur in two distinct ways: suffusion and suffosion. Suffusion involves the removal of fine particles from the matrix without causing significant disturbance to the soil skeleton, while suffosion is characterized by the movement of fine particles accompanied by skeleton collapse or deformation. In terms of dam safety, suffosion poses a greater threat than suffusion.

An automatic cervical cell classification model based on improved DenseNet121.

The cervical cell classification technique can determine the degree of cellular abnormality and pathological condition, which can help doctors to detect the risk of cervical cancer at an early stage and improve the cure and survival rates of cervical cancer patients. Addressing the issue of low accuracy in cervical cell classification, a deep convolutional neural network A2SDNet121 is proposed. A2SDNet121 takes DenseNet121 as the backbone network.

Association of life's essential 8 and inflammatory biomarkers with nutritional anemia in UK adults.

Several modifiable health factors in Life's Essential 8 (LE8) are linked to nutritional anemia and can assess overall cardiovascular health (CVH). This study explored the associations of CVH measured by LE8 score with nutritional anemia and iron deficiency anemia (IDA), including the mediating role of inflammatory biomarkers. This prospective cohort study included 181,069 participants from UK Biobank.

Transition zone-based prostate-specific antigen density for differentiating clinically significant prostate cancer in PI-RADS score 3 lesions.

We intended to investigate the potential of several transitional zone (TZ) volume-related variables for the detection of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) among lesions scored as Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) category 3. Between September 2018 and August 2023, patients who underwent mpMRI examination and scored as PI-RADS 3 were queried from our institution. The diagnostic performances of prostate-specific antigen density (PSAD), TZ-adjusted PSAD (TZPSAD), and TZ-ratio (TZ volume/whole gland prostate volume) were analyzed.

Potential value of novel multiparametric MRI radiomics for preoperative prediction of microsatellite instability and Ki-67 expression in endometrial cancer.

Exploring the potential of advanced artificial intelligence technology in predicting microsatellite instability (MSI) and Ki-67 expression of endometrial cancer (EC) is highly significant. This study aimed to develop a novel hybrid radiomics approach integrating multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), deep learning, and multichannel image analysis for predicting MSI and Ki-67 status. A retrospective study included 156 EC patients who were subsequently categorized into MSI and Ki-67 groups.

Leveraging two-dimensional pre-trained vision transformers for three-dimensional model generation via masked autoencoders.

Although the Transformer architecture has established itself as the industry standard for jobs involving natural language processing, it still has few uses in computer vision. In vision, attention is used in conjunction with convolutional networks or to replace individual convolutional network elements while preserving the overall network design. Differences between the two domains, such as significant variations in the scale of visual things and the higher granularity of pixels in images compared to words in the text, make it difficult to transfer Transformer from language to vision.

A quantum-optimized approach for breast cancer detection using SqueezeNet-SVM.

Breast cancer is one of the most aggressive types of cancer, and its early diagnosis is crucial for reducing mortality rates and ensuring timely treatment. Computer-aided diagnosis systems provide automated mammography image processing, interpretation, and grading. However, since the currently existing methods suffer from such issues as overfitting, lack of adaptability, and dependence on massive annotated datasets, the present work introduces a hybrid approach to enhance breast cancer classification accuracy.

Predictive nomogram for postoperative lower-limb deep vein thrombosis in patients undergoing endoscopic endonasal surgery during hospitalization: a retrospective cohort study.

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in patients undergoing endoscopic endonasal surgery remains underexplored, despite its potential impact on postoperative recovery. This study aimed to develop and validate a predictive nomogram for assessing the risk of lower-limb DVT in such patients without chemoprophylaxis. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 935 patients with postoperative lower-limb vein ultrasonography.

Clinical value of quantitative echocardiographic features in preterm infants with necrotizing enterocolitis.

This study investigated the correlation between quantitative echocardiographic characteristics within 3 days of birth and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and its severity in preterm infants. A retrospective study was conducted on 168 preterm infants with a gestational age of < 34 weeks. Patients were categorized into NEC and non-NEC groups.

Multi-sequence magnetic resonance imaging radiomics combined with imaging features predicts the difficulty of HIFU treatment of uterine fibroids.

To establish a multivariate linear regression model for predicting the difficulty of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ablation of uterine fibroids based on multi-sequence magnetic resonance imaging radiomics features. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 218 patients with uterine fibroids who underwent HIFU treatment, including 178 cases from Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University and 40 cases from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (external validation set). Radiomics features were extracted and selected from magnetic resonance images, and potentially related imaging features were collected.

Effects of different water and fertilizer treatments on the matrix properties and plant growth of tailings waste.

Vegetation ecological restoration technology is widely regarded as an environmentally sustainable and green technology for the remediation of mineral waste. The appropriate ratio of amendments can improve the substrate environment for plant growth and increase the efficiency of ecological restoration. Herbs and shrubs are preferred for vegetation restoration in abandoned mines because of their rapid establishment and easy management.

Influences of age and sex on the diagnostic accuracy of human epididymis secretory protein 4 for malignant pleural effusion.

Previous studies have suggested that the presence of human epididymal protein 4 (HE4) in pleural fluid can be used to diagnose malignant pleural effusion (MPE) with moderate accuracy. However, the factors that affect the diagnostic accuracy of HE4 remain unknown. This study aimed to examine how age and sex influence the diagnostic accuracy of HE4.

Using monitoring and simulation to analyze the failure characteristics of multizone landslides controlled by faults: a case study.

Slopes influenced by multiple faults are prone to large-scale landslides triggered by multi-regional failures. Understanding the failure process and sequence is essential for the sustainable development of mining operations. This paper presents a method combining InSAR monitoring and numerical simulation to analyze the failure processes of slopes affected by multiple faults.

Identification of a novel TOP2B::AFF2 fusion gene in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Genetic alterations play a pivotal role in leukemic clonal transformation, significantly influencing disease pathogenesis and clinical outcomes. Here, we report a novel fusion gene and investigate its pathogenic role in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We engineer a transposon transfection system expressing the TOP2B::AFF2 transcript and introduce it into Ba/F3 cells.

Chromosome-level genome assembly of black carp Mylopharyngodon piceus using Nanopore and Hi-C technologies.

Black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus) is one of the "four famous domestic fishes" in China and an important economic fish in freshwater aquaculture. A high-quality genome is essential for advancing future biological research and breeding programs for this species. In this study, we aimed to generate a high-quality chromosome-level genome assembly of black carp using Nanopore and Hi-C technologies.

Effect of artificial fish nest placement on spawning site preference and reproductive efficiency in reservoir fish with adhesive and demersal eggs.

Artificial fish nests are common tools in fisheries management, providing spawning grounds to enhance the size and diversity of fish populations. This study aimed to explore the effects of deployment locations on the reproductive efficiency and preferences of fish with adhesive and demersal eggs using artificial nests. Floating artificial nests were deployed in three regions (upstream, midstream, and downstream) of a reservoir in Zhejiang, China, at locations with three topographical types: steep slope (reservoir shore, slopes > 60°), gentle slope (reservoir shore, slopes < 30°), and confluence (middle thread of channel).

Overexpression of PLCG2 and TMEM38A inhibit tumor progression in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma is a prevalent urological malignancy, imposing substantial burdens on both patients and society. In our study, we used bioinformatics methods to select four putative target genes associated with EMT and prognosis and developed a nomogram model which could accurately predicting 5-year patient survival rates. We further analyzed proteome and single-cell data and selected PLCG2 and TMEM38A for the following experiments.

An annotated heterogeneous ultrasound database.

Ultrasound is a primary diagnostic tool commonly used to evaluate internal body structures, including organs, blood vessels, the musculoskeletal system, and fetal development. Due to challenges such as operator dependence, noise, limited field of view, difficulty in imaging through bone and air, and variability across different systems, diagnosing abnormalities in ultrasound images is particularly challenging for less experienced clinicians. The development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology could assist in the diagnosis of ultrasound images.