Association of Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index Scores with Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis.

The Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) is an effective tool for identifying malnutrition, and helps monitor the prognosis of patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. However, the association between the GNRI and cardiovascular or all-cause mortality in hemodialysis patients remains unclear. Therefore, this study investigated the correlation of the GNRI with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis.

Application of the Omaha System-Based Continuous Care Model in Diabetes Health Management for Outpatients within the Framework of "Internet +".

Diabetes is a chronic lifelong condition that requires consistent self-care and daily lifestyle adjustments. Effective disease management involves regular blood glucose monitoring and ongoing nursing support. Inadequate education and poor self-management are key factors contributing to increased mortality among diabetic individuals.

Development and Validation of a GULP-Based Predictive Model for Dehydration in Elderly Patients with Post-Stroke Dysphagia.

The background for establishing and verifying a dehydration prediction model for elderly patients with post-stroke dysphagia (PSD) based on General Utility for Latent Process (GULP) is as follows: For elderly patients with PSD, GULP technology is utilized to build a dehydration prediction model. This aims to improve the accuracy of dehydration risk assessment and provide clinical intervention, thereby offering a scientific basis and enhancing patient prognosis. This research highlights the innovative application of GULP technology in constructing complex medical prediction models and addresses the special health needs of elderly stroke patients.

Application of Cardiac Rehabilitation Aerobic Exercise in Patients with Stable Angina in Coronary Heart Disease.

A novel exercise protocol for cardiac rehabilitation aerobic (CRA) has been developed by Hebei Sport University, demonstrating efficacy in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of CRA on precise cardiac rehabilitation (CR) for CHD patients presenting with stable angina pectoris. The study cohort comprised patients with stable angina who were categorized into three groups: the CRA group (n = 35), the power bicycles (PB) group (n = 34), and the control group (n = 43).

Mendelian Randomization Study Reveals Causal Pathways for Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, Cardiovascular Proteins, and Atrial Fibrillation.

Research evidence has demonstrated a significant association between hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and atrial fibrillation (AF), but the causality and pattern of this link remain unexplored. Therefore, this study investigated the causal relationship between HCM and AF using a two-sample and bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. Additionally, this assessed the role of cardiovascular proteins (CPs) associated with cardiovascular diseases between HCM and AF by applying a two-step MR analysis.

Acute Q Fever after Kidney Transplantation: A Case Report.

Patients receiving kidney transplant experience immunosuppression, which increases the risk of bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitic infections. Q fever is a potentially fatal infectious disease that affects immunocompromised renal transplant recipients and has implications in terms of severe consequences for the donor's kidney. A patient with acute Q fever infection following kidney transplantation was admitted to the Tsinghua Changgung Hospital in Beijing, China, in March 2021.

The Application Value of an Artificial Intelligence-Driven Intestinal Image Recognition Model to Evaluate Intestinal Preparation before Colonoscopy.

Artificial intelligence (AI), with advantages such as automatic feature extraction and high data processing capacity and being unaffected by fatigue, can accurately analyze images obtained from colonoscopy, assess the quality of bowel preparation, and reduce the subjectivity of the operating physician, which may help to achieve standardization and normalization of colonoscopy. In this study, we aimed to explore the value of using an AI-driven intestinal image recognition model to evaluate intestinal preparation before colonoscopy. In this retrospective analysis, we analyzed the clinical data of 98 patients who underwent colonoscopy in Nantong First People's Hospital from May 2023 to October 2023.

Efficacy of General Magnetic Therapy and Motor-Evoked Potential-Guided Precision Magnetic Therapy in Patients with Overactive Bladder: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Overactive bladder (OAB) is a prevalent chronic condition affecting approximately 12% of adults, with incidence increasing with age. While pharmacological and behavioural therapies are standard treatments, their efficacy is often limited by side effects and poor adherence. This study aimed to compare the therapeutic effects of precision magnetic stimulation guided by motor-evoked potential with general magnetic therapy in patients with OAB.

Immune Cell Characteristics and Infections Associated with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), Asthma, and Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD): A Mendelian Randomization Studies.

Epidemiological studies indicate that the involvement of the immune system in the pathogenesis of infections associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, and interstitial lung disease (ILD) remains unclear. This study aims to assess the potential causal link between infections associated with COPD, asthma, or ILD and immune system function. We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis using publicly available genome-wide association study (GWAS) datasets.

Evaluating Efficacy and Safety of Crisaborole in Managing Childhood Mild to Moderate Atopic Dermatitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic inflammatory skin disorder globally. Crisaborole, a nonsteroidal topical phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor (PDE4i), has been utilized in treating AD. Crisaborole regulates the production of inflammatory cytokines, which are usually overactive among AD patients.

Predictive Value of Ocular Fundus Hemorrhage for Severe Coronary Artery Disease Assessed via SYNTAX Score.

The relationship between retinal fundus hemorrhage and the severity of coronary artery lesions remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the incidence of fundus hemorrhage in patients at high risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and to examine its correlation with the SYNTAX score, a tool used to assess the complexity of coronary artery disease. This retrospective study consecutively enrolled patients undergoing coronary angiography (CAG) at Beijing Anzhen Hospital Hospital from June 2019 to January 2020.

Clinical Efficacy of Pidotimod-Assisted Erythromycin in Treating Lobar Pneumonia in Children Over 3 Years Old.

Lobar pneumonia is an acute inflammation with increasing incidence globally. Delayed treatment can lead to severe complications, posing life-threatening risks. Thus, it is crucial to determine effective treatment methods to improve the prognosis of children with lobar pneumonia.

Comparison of Different Thromboprophylaxis Regimens in Elderly Patients Following Hip Arthroplasty.

Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) represents a significant postoperative complication after artificial femoral head replacement, with the incidence increasing proportionally with patient age. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of early postoperative use of intermittent pneumatic compression devices (IPC), followed by the combined use of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) after 48 hours, for the prevention of postoperative lower limb DVT in elderly patients undergoing hip arthroplasty. The retrospective study included 100 elderly patients who underwent unilateral femoral head replacement.

An exploratory study of pilot EEG features during the climb and descent phases of flight.

Objectives: The actions and decisions of pilots are directly related to aviation safety. Therefore, understanding the neurological and cognitive processes of pilots during flight is essential. This study aims to investigate the EEG signals of pilots to understand the characteristic changes during the climb and descent stages of flight.

Behavior Changes in Quinpirole Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Rats Treated with 6-Hydroxydopamine and the Corresponding Dopaminergic Compulsive Loop Mechanism.

Background: Recent studies suggest that the anterior limb of the internal capsule may be an area of convergence for multiple compulsion loops. In this study, the role of different dopaminergic compulsion loops in the mechanism of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) was investigated by selectively damaging dopaminergic neurons or fibers in the corresponding targets with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) and depicting the anatomical map of various compulsion loops located in the anterior limb of the internal capsule.

Methods: A total of 52 male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were exposed to either saline (1 mL/kg, NS group, n = 6) or quinpirole (QNP, dopamine D2-agonist, 0.

Effects of Dual-Site Anodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Attention, Decision-Making, and Working Memory during Sports Fatigue in Elite Soccer Athletes.

Background: Sports fatigue in soccer athletes has been shown to decrease neural activity, impairing cognitive function and negatively affecting motor performance. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can alter cortical excitability, augment synaptic plasticity, and enhance cognitive function. However, its potential to ameliorate cognitive impairment during sports fatigue remains largely unexplored.

Neural Correlates of Social Perception Deficit in Schizophrenia: An Event-related Potential Study.

Background: Deficits in emotion recognition have been shown to be closely related to social-cognitive functioning in schizophrenic. This study aimed to investigate the event-related potential (ERP) characteristics of social perception in schizophrenia patients and to explore the neural mechanisms underlying these abnormal cognitive processes related to social perception.

Methods: Participants included 33 schizophrenia patients and 35 healthy controls (HCs).

Changes in the Parietal Lobe Subregion Volume at Various Stages of Alzheimer's Disease and the Role in Cognitively Normal and Mild Cognitive Impairment Conversion.

Background: Volume alterations in the parietal subregion have received less attention in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and their role in predicting conversion of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to AD and cognitively normal (CN) to MCI remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to assess the volumetric variation of the parietal subregion at different cognitive stages in AD and to determine the role of parietal subregions in CN and MCI conversion.

Methods: We included 662 participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database, including 228 CN, 221 early MCI (EMCI), 112 late MCI (LMCI), and 101 AD participants.

Effects of Electrical Stimulation on Activation of Mirror Neuron Network in Healthy Adults during Motor Execution and Imitation: An fNIRS Study.

Background: Observation, execution, and imitation of target actions based on mirror neuron network (MNN) have become common physiotherapy strategies. Electrical stimulation (ES) is a common intervention to improve muscle strength and motor control in rehabilitation treatments. It is possible to enhance MNN's activation by combining motor execution (ME) and motor imitation (MI) with ES simultaneously.

The Robustness of White Matter Brain Networks Decreases with Aging.

Background: White matter (WM) is a principal component of the human brain, forming the structural basis for neural transmission between cortico-cortical and subcortical structures. The impairment of WM integrity is closely associated with the aging process, manifesting as the reorganization of brain networks based on graph theoretical analysis of complex networks and increased volume of white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) in imaging studies.

Methods: This study investigated changes in the robustness of WM brain networks during aging and assessed their correlation with WMHs.

Remimazolam Combined with Andrographolide Improve Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction in Rats after Cardiopulmonary Bypass through the AMPK/SIRT1 Signaling Pathway.

Introduction: The effects of remimazolam (Re) in combination with andrographolide (AP) on learning, memory, and motor abilities in rats following cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) surgery were studied.

Methods: We hypothesized that the combination of Re and AP could improve postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in rats after CPB by modulating nervous system inflammation. Cognitive function was assessed using the Morris Water Maze test, and the concentrations of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in serum were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Telomere Length and Oxidative Damage in Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been reported to confer an increased risk of natural premature death. Telomere erosion caused by oxidative stress is a common consequence in age-related diseases. However, whether telomere length (TL) and oxidative indicators are significantly changed in ASD patients compared with controls remains controversial.

Current Status of Plant-Based Bioactive Compounds as Therapeutics in Alzheimer's Diseases.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common central neurodegenerative disease disorder characterized primarily by cognitive impairment and non-cognitive neuropsychiatric symptoms that significantly impact patients' daily lives and behavioral functioning. The pathogenesis of AD remains unclear and current Western medicines treatment are purely symptomatic, with a singular pathway, limited efficacy, and substantial toxicity and side effects. In recent years, as research into AD has deepened, there has been a gradual increase in the exploration and application of medicinal plants for the treatment of AD.

Prediction of Survival Outcomes in Patients with Glioma Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Glioma is the most common malignancy in the central nervous system. Even with optimal therapies, glioblastoma (the most aggressive form of glioma) is incurable, with only 26.5% of patients having a 2-year survival rate.

Melanoma-derived versican reactivates tumor-associated macrophages by upregulating pyruvate carboxylase through TLR2-MyD88-RelB axis under normoxia.

Relieving hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment (TME) promotes innate and adaptive immunity. Our previous research demonstrated that reoxygenation of the TME promotes the phagocytosis and tumor-killing functions of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) by upregulating pyruvate carboxylase (PCB). However, the mechanism remains obscure.