Ras Guanine Nucleotide-Releasing Protein-4 Inhibits Erythropoietin Production in Diabetic Mice with Kidney Disease by Degrading HIF2A.

Background: In acute and chronic renal inflammatory diseases, the activation of inflammatory cells is involved in the defect of erythropoietin (EPO) production. Ras guanine nucleotide-releasing protein-4 (RasGRP4) promotes renal inflammatory injury in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Our study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of RasGRP4 in the production of renal EPO in diabetes.

Chemoprotective Potential of Cyanidin-3-Glucoside Against 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine-Induced Colorectal Cancer: Modulation of NF-κB and Bcl-2/Bax/Caspase Pathway.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents a significant global health challenge, with approximately 1.8 million new cases diagnosed annually and a mortality toll exceeding 881,000 lives each year. This study aimed to evaluate the chemoprotective efficacy of Cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) in a rat model of CRC induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH).

Discovery of Novel Neonicotinoids with Conjugated Diene Enabled by Cascade Allylation/Isomerization Synthetic Methodology.

As one of the most significant insecticides, neonicotinoids have played a pivotal role in crop protection and public sanitation. However, the high resistance and bee toxicity of neonicotinoid insecticides have attracted considerable attention. Herein, a series of neonicotinoid compounds with conjugated diene moieties were synthesized through the cascade allylation/isomerization reaction.

Bioactive Polysaccharides from Cremastra Appendiculata Attenuate Lipid Accumulation In Vitro Model of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a most common chronic disease with a rapid growing incidence worldwide, presenting as an ever-increasing burden to the healthcare system. In this study, we explored that Cremastraappendiculata, a valuable traditional medicine in China, could alleviate lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells. Polysaccharide (CAP) was extracted from the pseudobulbs of C.

Mitigation of Polysulfide Shuttling in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries Utilizing Vanadium Pentoxide/Polypyrrole Nanocomposite Separators.

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are promising energy storage devices due to their high theoretical energy density and cost-effectiveness. However, the shuttle effect of polysulfides during the charging and discharging processes leads to a rapid decline in capacity, thereby restricting their application in energy storage. The separator, a crucial component of Li-S batteries, facilitates the transport of Li+ ions.

Brain Iron Deposition Alterations in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment Based on Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping.

Background: Iron is one of the most important elements in brain that may has a direct impact on the stability of central nervous system. The current study devoted to explore the alterations of iron distribution across the whole brain in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Methods: The quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) technique was used to quantify the intracranial iron content of 74 T2DM patients with MCI and 86 T2DM patients with normal cognition (NC).

Association between phase angle and all-cause mortality in adults aged 18-49 years: NHANES 1999-2004.

Phase angle (PhA) is an indicator of nutritional status. The association between PhA and all-cause mortality has been confirmed in older adults, but no relevant studies have been conducted in adults aged 18-49 years. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between PhA and all-cause mortality in adults aged 18-49 years.

IFN-γ reprograms cardiac microvascular endothelial cells to mediate doxorubicin transport and influences the sensitivity of mice to doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity.

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a first-line chemotherapy agent known for its cardiac toxicity. DOX-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC) severely limits the use for treating malignant tumors and is associated with a poor prognosis. The sensitivity to DIC varies among patients, but the precise mechanisms remain elusive.

Overcoming Missing Data: Accurately Predicting Cardiovascular Risk in Type 2 Diabetes, A Systematic Review.

Understanding is limited regarding strategies for addressing missing value when developing and validating models to predict cardiovascular disease (CVD) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aimed to investigate the presence of and approaches to missing data in these prediction models. The MEDLINE electronic database was systematically searched for English-language studies from inception to June 30, 2024.

Aggregate global features into separable hierarchical lane detection transformer.

Lane detection is one of the key functions to ensure the safe driving of autonomous vehicles, and it is a challenging task. In real driving scenarios, external factors inevitably interfere with the lane detection system, such as missing lane markings, harsh weather conditions, and vehicle occlusion. To enhance the accuracy and detection speed of lane detection in complex road environments, this paper proposes an end-to-end lane detection model with a pure Transformer architecture, which exhibits excellent detection performance in complex road scenes.

Global phylogeography and genetic characterization of carbapenem and ceftazidime-avibactam resistant KPC-33-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA) is currently one of the last resorts used to treat infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. However, KPC variants have become the main mechanism mediating CZA resistance in KPC-producing gram-negative bacteria after increasing the application of CZA. Our previous study revealed that CZA-resistant KPC-33 had emerged in carbapenem-resistant P.

Long noncoding RNA DHRS4 antisense RNA 1 suppresses osteosarcoma cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis through a competitive endogenous RNA mechanism.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumor. Recent evidence suggests that the novel long noncoding RNA DHRS4 antisense RNA 1 (DHRS4-AS1) serves an important role in cancer progression and metastasis. However, its function and molecular mechanism in OS remain largely unknown.

Research on leakage and diffusion behavior of hydrogen doped natural gas in integrated pipeline corridors based on data drive.

With the wide application of hydrogen-doped natural gas (HBNG) in end users, laying pipelines in urban, comprehensive pipe corridors has become increasingly common. However, the leakage and diffusion of hydrogen-doped natural gas in confined or semi-confined spaces (e.g.

Experimental and modeled analysis of contaminant mobility in coal fly ash landfills under continuous rainfall regimes.

In China, a significant amount of coal fly ash is stored or used for landfill reclamation. The contaminants in coal fly ash (CFA) leachate can cause regional soil and groundwater contamination during long-term storage. This paper focuses on a coal gangue comprehensive utilisation power plant in Fenyang City, Shanxi Province, China, where the leaching characteristics of CFA were investigated by leaching tests.

First-line cadonilimab plus chemotherapy in HER2-negative advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: a randomized, double-blind, phase 3 trial.

Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitors plus chemotherapy have been the standard of care in the first-line treatment of advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction (G/GEJ) adenocarcinoma; however, the survival benefits are modest in patients with low programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression. Here we investigated the efficacy and safety of cadonilimab (PD-1/cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) bispecific antibody) plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment in G/GEJ adenocarcinoma. The prespecified interim analysis is reported here.

Fine-tuning d-p hybridization in Ni-B cocatalyst for enhanced photocatalytic H production.

The H-evolution kinetics play a pivotal role in governing the photocatalytic hydrogen-evolution process. However, achieving precise regulation of the H-adsorption and H-desorption equilibrium (H/H) still remains a great challenge. Herein, we propose a fine-tuning d-p hybridization strategy to precisely optimize the H/H kinetics in a Ni-B modified CdS photocatalyst (Ni-B/CdS).

Treadmill exercise prevents stress-induced anxiety-like behaviors via enhancing the excitatory input from the primary motor cortex to the thalamocortical circuit.

Physical exercise effectively prevents anxiety disorders caused by environmental stress. The neural circuitry mechanism, however, remains incomplete. Here, we identified a previously unrecognized pathway originating from the primary motor cortex (M1) to medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) via the ventromedial thalamic (VM) nuclei in male mice.

Study on the correlation between serum IgG4/IgG levels and the development of Graves' ophthalmopathy.

Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO) with elevated IgG4 levels has different characteristics from patients with GO who do not have elevated IgG4 levels, but the study findings are contradictory. The goal of this study was first to investigate the relationship between IgG4/IgG and IgG4 levels and the occurrence of GO and then to investigate the clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with GO who had elevated IgG4 levels. This study control group consisted of 57 Graves' disease(GD)patients with no complicated ocular disease and a median followup of 54.

Surface Energy Distribution of Modified Carbon Black and Interfacial Interactions of Filled Rubber Composites.

Carbon black (CB) modification to achieve both homogeneous dispersion and strong interfacial interactions is a challenging subject for high-performance tread rubber composites. The effect of modification on CB surface characteristics is difficult to analyze experimentally, resulting in an uncomprehensive knowledge of the factors influencing interfacial interactions. In this study, 4,4'-diaminodiphenyldisulfide (APDS) was utilized to modify CB.

Evaluation of ecological geological environment carrying capacity and analysis of driving mechanisms based on normal cloud model and geodetector model.

The Luoyang area of the Yellow River Basin, as a typical resource-based city, its special industrial structure and complex geological structure make the ecological and geological environment of the area extremely fragile. In order to realize the sustainable development of the region in this fragile ecological-geological environment, it is necessary to study its Ecological Geological Environmental Carrying Capacity (EGECC) to better serve the regional ecological-geological environment restoration and management work. This study constructs an indicator system encompassing three subsystems: Geological Environment (GE), Social Environment (SE), and Ecological Environment (EE).

Innovative Ricin Toxin Detection: Unraveling Apurinic/Apyrimidinic Lyase Activity and Developing Fluorescence Sensors.

Ricin toxin (RT) is a potential bioterrorism agent because of its high potency, extremely small lethal dose, ease of preparation, and notable stability. Therefore, a portable method is urgently required to efficiently detect and determine the presence of toxicity of RT and evaluate its potency for public health monitoring and counter-bioterrorism responses. Currently, enzyme-based assays for detecting RT mainly focus on its -glycosidase activity.

The left amygdala is genetically sexually-dimorphic: multi-omics analysis of structural MRI volumes.

Brain anatomy plays a key role in complex behaviors and mental disorders that are sexually divergent. While our understanding of the sex differences in the brain anatomy remains relatively limited, particularly of the underlying genetic and molecular mechanisms that contribute to these differences. We performed the largest study of sex differences in brain volumes (N = 33,208) by examining sex differences both in the raw brain volumes and after controlling the whole brain volumes.

Protective effect of low-dose lactulose in dextran sulfate sodium induced ulcerative colitis model of rats.

Although low-dose lactulose has shown a good theoretical foundation for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) in previous studies, the exact effects and mechanism remain unclear. The rats were randomly distributed into 5 groups, i.e.

Study on the application of brine mixing method in lithium extraction from Zabuye salt lake, Tibet.

With the rapid development of new energy industry, the demand for lithium resources continues to rise. The salinity-gradient solar pond (SGSP) technology is used to extract the lithium carbonate from Zabuye salt lake brine in the Tibet Plateau of China. Years of production practice proved that due to the unsatisfactory quality and insufficient amount of lithium-rich brine used to make the SGSP, the yield and grade of lithium concentrate in the solar pond has been seriously affected.

Mechanism of engineered macrophage membrane bionic gene-carrying nanospheres for targeted drug delivery to promote wound repair in deep second-degree burns.

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a substance that stimulates the proliferation of hepatocytes which promote healing. We developed a macrophage membrane-encapsulated nanosphere drug delivery system containing HGF for the study of burn wound healing. Twenty-seven Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: a saline control (NS) group, an engineered macrophage membrane-encapsulated nanospheres (ETMM@NPS) group, and an engineered macrophage membrane-encapsulated nanospheres treatment with HGF-loaded gene (HGF@ETMM@NPS) group.