PcNAC25, a NAC transcription factor of Pugionium cornutum(L.) Gaertn conferring enhanced drought and salt stress tolerances in Arabidopsis.

Pugionium cornutum (L.) Gaertn (P. cornutum) has strong tolerance to drought, salt and disease, but the tolerance mechanisms for such stresses in P.

Efficacy of laparoscopic cardiectomy combined with side overlap anastomosis for the treatment of terminal achalasia.

To investigate the safety and short-term effectiveness of laparoscopic-assisted cardiectomy with side-overlap esophagogastric reconstruction for the treatment of terminal or end-stage achalasia, patients with end-stage achalasia treated with laparoscopic-assisted cardiectomy with side-overlap esophagogastric reconstruction were retrospectively enrolled. The clinical data, surgical data and follow-up were analyzed. Among twenty-five patients enrolled, the achalasia type St was present in 12 (48%) patients, type Sg in 9 (36%), and type aSg in 4 (16%).

A retrospective cohort study of the application of Santulli enterostomy in neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis.

The use of Santulli enterostomy (SE) for necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) has been limited to a small number of studies involving a small number of patients and no control group. Our study aimed to compare the clinical safety and efficacy of Santulli enterostomy with those of single- or double-lumen enterostomy for neonatal NEC through a retrospective cohort study. One hundred ten patients who met the criteria were divided into an SE group (64 patients) and a conventional enterostomy (CE) group (46 patients).

Integrative bioinformatics and immunohistochemical analysis unravel the prognostic significance and immunological implication of LIMCH1 in breast cancer: a retrospective study.

The current mortality rates for breast cancer underscore the need for better prognostic tools; moreover, LIM and calponin homology domain 1 (LIMCH1), which is a protein with dual roles in cancer, is a promising candidate for investigation. This study employed an integrative approach combining bioinformatics analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort and clinical immunohistochemistry (IHC) cohort data. We analysed LIMCH1 expression patterns, its associations with clinicopathological features and prognosis, and its impact on the tumour immune microenvironment (TIME).

Unveiling the molecular mechanisms of recurrent miscarriage through endoplasmic reticulum stress related gene expression.

Recurrent miscarriage (RM) is a reproductive disorder affecting couples worldwide. The underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive, even though emerging evidence has implicated endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). We investigated RM- and ERS-related genes to develop a diagnostic model that can enhance predictive ability.

Preoperative comprehensive risk estimation for axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer: development and verification of a network-based prediction model.

To prevent the overaggressive treatment of axillary lymph nodes (ALNs) in breast cancer, it is necessary to develop a convenient analysis method that accurately and comprehensively reflects whether ALNs are metastatic or nonmetastatic. We retrospectively analyzed data from patients who underwent surgery for breast cancer at the Weifang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine between January 2019 and June 2023. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to predict the metastasis status of ALNs.

Suppression of epileptic seizures by transcranial activation of K-selective channelrhodopsin.

Optogenetics is a valuable tool for studying the mechanisms of neurological diseases and is now being developed for therapeutic applications. In rodents and macaques, improved channelrhodopsins have been applied to achieve transcranial optogenetic stimulation. While transcranial photoexcitation of neurons has been achieved, noninvasive optogenetic inhibition for treating hyperexcitability-induced neurological disorders has remained elusive.

Charge-transfer complexation of coordination cages for enhanced photochromism and photocatalysis.

Intensified host-guest electronic interplay within stable metal-organic cages (MOCs) presents great opportunities for applications in stimuli response and photocatalysis. Zr-MOCs represent a type of robust discrete hosts for such a design, but their host-guest chemistry in solution is hampered by the limited solubility. Here, by using pyridinium-derived cationic ligands with tetrakis(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)borate (BAr) as solubilizing counteranions, we report the preparation of soluble Zr-MOCs of different shapes (1-4) that are otherwise inaccessible through a conventional method.

Research on health monitoring of concrete structure based on G-S-G.

An improved concrete structure health monitoring method based on G-S-G is proposed, which fully combines an optimized Gray-Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) with an improved Self-Organizing Map (SOM) neural network to achieve accurate and real-time concrete structure health monitoring. First of all, in order to obtain a dynamic image of the crack damage region of interest (ROI) with clear contrast and obvious target, the image acquisition system and image optimization method are used to process the damaged image. Moreover, in order to realize the accurate location of crack damage, crack damage identification research based on GLCM-SOM effectively eliminates the interference of honeycomb and pothole damage on crack damage.

Alleviation of liver fibrosis by inhibiting a non-canonical ATF4-regulated enhancer program in hepatic stellate cells.

Liver fibrosis is a critical liver disease that can progress to more severe manifestations, such as cirrhosis, yet no effective targeted therapies are available. Here, we identify that ATF4, a master transcription factor in ER stress response, promotes liver fibrosis by facilitating a stress response-independent epigenetic program in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Unlike its canonical role in regulating UPR genes during ER stress, ATF4 activates epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) gene transcription under fibrogenic conditions.

Machine learning algorithms for predicting delayed hyponatremia after transsphenoidal surgery for patients with pituitary adenoma.

This study aimed to develop and validate machine learning (ML) models to predict the occurrence of delayed hyponatremia after transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenoma. We retrospectively collected clinical data on patients with pituitary adenomas treated with transsphenoidal surgery between January 2010 and December 2020. From January 2021 to December 2022, patients with pituitary adenomas were prospectively enrolled.

Integrated healthy lifestyle even in late-life mitigates cognitive decline risk across varied genetic susceptibility.

It remains unclear whether the benefits of adhering to a healthy lifestyle outweigh the effects of high genetic risk on cognitive decline. We examined the association of combined lifestyle factors and genetic risk with changes in cognitive function and six specific dimensions of cognition among older adults from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (1998-2018, n = 18,811, a subset of 6301 participants with genetic information). Compared to participants with an unfavorable lifestyle, those with a favorable lifestyle showed a 46.

Spatial variability of cultural landscape vulnerability and influential factors in ethnic villages of Southeast Guizhou.

In Southeast Guizhou, a region of China rich in ethnic diversity, the cultural landscapes of ethnic villages are increasingly vulnerable under the pressures of urbanization and tourism development. This study assesses the vulnerability of 43 ethnic villages in Leishan County using the Vulnerability Scoring Diagram (VSD) model, which evaluates exposure, sensitivity, and coping ability. Analyses using spatial autocorrelation and geographic weighted regression reveal distinct spatial patterns of vulnerability, with the northern region exhibiting higher vulnerability indices than the southern region.

Deacetylated SNAP47 recruits HOPS to facilitate autophagosome-lysosome fusion independent of STX17.

Autophagy, a conserved catabolic process implicated in a diverse array of human diseases, requires efficient fusion between autophagosomes and lysosomes to function effectively. Recently, SNAP47 has been identified as a key component of the dual-purpose SNARE complex mediating autophagosome-lysosome fusion in both bulk and selective autophagy. However, the spatiotemporal regulatory mechanisms of this SNARE complex remain unknown.

A bivalent COVID-19 mRNA vaccine elicited broad immune responses and protection against Omicron subvariants infection.

Continuously emerging SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants pose a threat thwarting the effectiveness of approved COVID-19 vaccines. Especially, the protection breadth and degree of these vaccines against antigenically distant Omicron subvariants is unclear. Here, we report the immunogenicity and efficacy of a bivalent mRNA vaccine, PTX-COVID19-M1.

DCAF13-mediated K63-linked ubiquitination of RNA polymerase I promotes uncontrolled proliferation in Breast Cancer.

Hyperactivation of ribosome biogenesis (RiBi) drives cancer progression, yet the role of RiBi-associated proteins (RiBPs) in breast cancer (BC) is underexplored. In this study, we perform a comprehensive multi-omics analysis and reveal that assembly and maturation factors (AMFs), a subclass of RiBPs, are upregulated at both RNA and protein levels in BC, correlating with poor patient outcomes. In contrast, ribosomal proteins (RPs) do not show systematic upregulation across various cancers, including BC.

Network-based transfer of pan-cancer immunotherapy responses to guide breast cancer prognosis.

Breast cancer prognosis is complicated by tumor heterogeneity. Traditional methods focus on cancer-specific gene signatures, but cross-cancer strategies that provide deeper insights into tumor homogeneity are rarely used. Immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors, results from variable responses across cancers, offering valuable prognostic insights.

Pulmonary artery denervation by noninvasive stereotactic radiotherapy: a pilot study in swine models of pulmonary hypertension.

Catheter-based pulmonary artery denervation (PADN) has achieved promising outcomes to treat pulmonary hypertension (PH). We herein present stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) as a novel noninvasive approach for PADN. A single fraction of 15 Gy, 20 Gy or 25 Gy was delivered for PADN in a thromboxane A2 (TxA2) - induced acute PH swine model.

Structural insights into isoform-specific RAS-PI3Kα interactions and the role of RAS in PI3Kα activation.

Mutations in RAS and PI3Kα are major drivers of human cancer. Their interaction plays a crucial role in activating PI3Kα and amplifying the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway. Disrupting RAS-PI3Kα interaction enhances survival in lung and skin cancer models and reduces tumor growth and angiogenesis, although the structural details of this interaction remain unclear.

Enhancing immunotherapy efficacy in colorectal cancer: targeting the FGR-AKT-SP1-DKK1 axis with DCC-2036 (Rebastinib).

This research demonstrates that DCC-2036 (Rebastinib), a potent third-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), effectively suppresses tumor growth in colorectal cancer (CRC) models with functional immune systems. The findings underscore the capacity of DCC-2036 to enhance both the activation and cytotoxic functionality of CD8 T cells, which are crucial for facilitating anti-tumor immune responses. Through comprehensive multi-omics investigations, significant shifts in both gene and protein expression profiles were detected, notably a marked decrease in DKK1 levels.

Influenza A Virus H7 nanobody recognizes a conserved immunodominant epitope on hemagglutinin head and confers heterosubtypic protection.

Influenza remains a persistent global health challenge, largely due to the virus' continuous antigenic drift and occasional shift, which impede the development of a universal vaccine. To address this, the identification of broadly neutralizing antibodies and their epitopes is crucial. Nanobodies, with their unique characteristics and binding capacity, offer a promising avenue to identify such epitopes.

Comparing acute versus AIDS ART initiation on HIV-1 integration sites and clonal expansion.

Early antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation is known to limit the establishment of the HIV reservoir, with studies suggesting benefits such as a reduced number of infected cells and a smaller latent reservoir. However, the long-term impact of early ART initiation on the dynamics of the infected cell pool remains unclear, and clinical evidence directly comparing proviral integration site counts between early and late ART initiation is limited. In this study, we used Linear Target Amplification-PCR (LTA-PCR) and Next Generation Sequencing to compare unique integration site (UIS) clonal counts between individuals who initiated ART during acute HIV infection stage (Acute-ART group) and those in the AIDS stage (AIDS-ART group).

Near-infrared fluorogenic RNA for in vivo imaging and sensing.

Fluorogenic RNA aptamers have various applications, including use as fluorescent tags for imaging RNA trafficking and as indicators of RNA-based sensors that exhibit fluorescence upon binding small-molecule fluorophores in living cells. Current fluorogenic RNA:fluorophore complexes typically emit visible fluorescence. However, it is challenging to develop fluorogenic RNA with near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence for in vivo imaging and sensing studies.

Mitochondrial diseases: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic advances.

Mitochondria are essential for cellular function and viability, serving as central hubs of metabolism and signaling. They possess various metabolic and quality control mechanisms crucial for maintaining normal cellular activities. Mitochondrial genetic disorders can arise from a wide range of mutations in either mitochondrial or nuclear DNA, which encode mitochondrial proteins or other contents.

Inequitable distribution of risks associated with occupational heat exposure driven by trade.

The exposure to extreme heat at workplaces poses substantial threat to human effort and manual labour. This becomes more prominent due to the global dispersion of labour-intensive production activities via trade. We combine a climate model with an input-output model to quantify the risks associated with trade-related occupational extreme heat exposure.