Risk factors, monitoring, and treatment strategies for early recurrence after rectal cancer surgery.

Early recurrence (ER) following surgery for rectal cancer is a significant factor impacting patient survival rates. Tsai identified age, preoperative neoadjuvant therapy, length of hospital stay, tumour location, and pathological stage as factors influencing the risk of ER. Postoperative monitoring for ER should encompass a thorough medical history review, physical examination, tumour marker testing, and imaging studies.

Multimodal treatment combining neoadjuvant therapy, laparoscopic subtotal distal pancreatectomy and adjuvant therapy for pancreatic neck-body cancer: Case series.

Background: Pancreatic cancer involving the pancreas neck and body often invades the retroperitoneal vessels, making its radical resection challenging. Multimodal treatment strategies, including neoadjuvant therapy, surgery, and postoperative adjuvant therapy, are contributing to a paradigm shift in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. This strategy is also promising in the treatment of pancreatic neck-body cancer.

Clinical evaluation of endoscopic biliary stenting in treatment of malignant obstructive jaundice.

Background: Malignant obstructive jaundice (MOJ) is characterized by the presence of malignant tumors infiltrating or compressing the bile duct, causing poor bile drainage, generalized yellowing, pain, itching, and malaise. MOJ is burdensome for both the society and the families of affected patients and should be taken seriously.

Aim: To evaluate the clinical effect of stent placement during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography for relieving MOJ and the efficacy of percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage in terms of liver function improvement, complication rates, and long-term patient outcomes.

Endoscopic submucosal dissection in the treatment of adult cystic lymphangioma: A case report.

Background: Cystic lymphangioma is a rare hamartoma that is especially found in the adult gastrointestinal tract. In the early stage, most patients are asymptomatic; after the onset of symptoms, there is often no specificity regarding symptoms.

Case Summary: Here we report the endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of an adult patient with cystic lymphangioma of the ascending colon.

Application of DynaCT biliary soft tissue reconstruction technology in diagnosis and treatment of hepatolithiasis.

Background: Hepatobiliary stone disease involves an intrahepatic bile duct stone that occurs above the confluence of the right and left hepatic ducts. One-step percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopic lithotripsy (PTCSL) using the percutaneous transhepatic one-step biliary fistulation (PTOBF) technique enables the clearing of intrahepatic stones and the resolution of strictures. However, hepatolithiasis with associated strictures still has high residual and recurrence rates after one-step PTCSL.

Five-year complete remission of super-giant hepatocellular carcinoma with hepatectomy followed by sorafenib plus camrelizumab: A case report.

Background: Cirrhotic patients with super-giant hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and portal vein invasion generally have a poor prognosis. This paper presents a patient with super-giant HCC and portal vein invasion, who underwent hepatectomy followed by a combination of sorafenib and camrelizumab, resulting in complete remission (CR) for 5 years.

Case Summary: A 40-year-old male with compensated hepatitis B-related cirrhosis was diagnosed with HCC, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage C.

Early identification and multidisciplinary management of immune checkpoint inhibitors associated colitis can improve patient outcomes.

Currently, the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has shown notable clinical efficacy in treating various malignant tumors, significantly improving patient prognosis. However, while ICIs enhance the body's anti-tumor effects, they can also trigger immune-related adverse events (irAEs), with ICI-associated colitis being one of the more prevalent forms. This condition can disrupt treatment, necessitate drug discontinuation, and adversely affect therapeutic outcomes.

Synergistic inhibition of colorectal cancer progression by silencing Aurora A and the targeting protein for Xklp2.

Background: Unraveling the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC) can aid in developing prevention and treatment strategies. Aurora kinase A (AURKA) is a key participant in mitotic control and interacts with its co-activator, the targeting protein for Xklp2 (TPX2) microtubule nucleation factor. AURKA is associated with poor clinical outcomes and high risks of CRC recurrence.

Construction of a nomogram prediction model for early postoperative stoma complications of colorectal cancer.

Background: Postoperative enterostomy is increasing in patients with colorectal cancer, but there is a lack of a model that can predict the probability of early complications.

Aim: To explore the factors influencing early postoperative stoma complications in colorectal cancer patients and to construct a nomogram prediction model for predicting the probability of these complications.

Methods: A retrospective study of 462 patients who underwent postoperative ostomy for colorectal cancer in the Gastrointestinal Department of the Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital.

Clinical application of indocyanine green fluorescence imaging in laparoscopic cholecystectomy with common bile duct exploration and J-Tube drainage.

Background: Intraoperative and postoperative biliary injuries remain significant complications of laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE). Indocyanine green (ICG) has been shown to significantly reduce injuries caused by intraoperative operational errors. We found that the J-tube can reduce postoperative strictures and injuries to the common bile duct.

Microbiota in patients with cefuroxime resistance and anal fistula revealed by 16S ribosomal DNA.

Background: Anal fistula is increasingly prevalent due to modern lifestyle factors, and surgery remains the primary treatment. However, the rising incidence of antibiotic resistance, particularly to cefuroxime, complicates perioperative management. The role of gut microbiota in influencing this resistance is not well understood.

Effect of nalbuphine on analgesia and pain factors after gastric cancer resection.

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is a prevalent tumor in the digestive system, with around one million new cases reported annually, ranking it as the third most common malignancy. Reducing pain is a key research focus. This study evaluates the effect of nalbuphine on the analgesic effect and the expression of pain factors in patients after radical resection.

Preoperative serum total bilirubin-albumin ratio as a prognostic indicator in patients with hepatitis-related cirrhosis after splenectomy.

Background: Splenectomy is an effective yet invasive intervention for alleviating portal pressure in patients with hepatitis cirrhosis. However, the current prognostic indicators for predicting long-term overall survival of these patients have several limitations.

Aim: To assess the potential of preoperative total bilirubin-albumin (B/A) ratio as a prognostic indicator for patients with hepatitis cirrhosis undergoing splenectomy.

Minimally invasive pancreaticoduodenectomy: A bibliometric method applied to the top one hundred cited articles.

Background: Minimally invasive pancreaticoduodenectomy (MIPD) is considered one of the most complex procedures in general surgery. The number of articles on MIPD has been increasing annually. However, published reports often have complex research directions, and the focal points frequently change.

Primary duodenal T/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma complicated with obstructive jaundice: A case report and review of literature.

Background: T/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma (T/HRBCL) is a highly aggressive subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma characterized histologically by the presence of a few neoplastic large B cells amidst an abundant background of reactive T lymphocytes and/or histiocytes. T/HRBCL commonly affects the lymph nodes, followed by extranodal sites, such as the spleen, liver, and bone marrow, with rare occurrences in the gastrointestinal tract. Primary gastrointestinal T/HRBCL lacks specific clinical and endoscopic manifestations, and it is difficult to differentiate from inflammatory diseases, nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma, and other diseases on a histological basis, thereby hindering early diagnosis.

Comparative study of clinical efficacy of laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy with double-channel anastomosis and tubular gastroesophageal anastomosis.

Background: According to statistics, the incidence of proximal gastric cancer has gradually increased in recent years, posing a serious threat to human health. Tubular gastroesophageal anastomosis and double-channel anastomosis are two relatively mature anti-reflux procedures. A comparison of these two surgical procedures, tubular gastroesophageal anastomosis and double-channel anastomosis, has rarely been reported.

Diagnostic implications of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and systemic immune-inflammatory index for gastric carcinoma.

Background: The diagnosis of gastric carcinoma (GC) is essential for improving clinical outcomes. However, the biomarkers currently used for GC screening are not ideal.

Aim: To explore the diagnostic implications of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII) for GC.

Petersen's hernia with chylous ascites following laparoscopic total gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y anastomosis: A case report and review of literature.

Background: Petersen's hernia occurring through the epiploic foramen of the greater omentum, is an uncommon type of internal hernia. When it presents with complications such as chylous ascites, which is the lymphatic fluid accumulation in the abdominal cavity, it is particularly rare. Following laparoscopic total gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y anastomosis, the incidence of this condition is exceedingly low.

Evaluating risk factors for surgical site infections and the effectiveness of prophylactic antibiotics in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are a significant complication in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), affecting patient outcomes and healthcare costs.

Aim: To identify risk factors associated with SSIs and evaluate the effectiveness of prophylactic antibiotics in reducing these infections.

Methods: A comprehensive retrospective evaluation was conducted on 400 patients who underwent LC from January 2022 to January 2024.

Microwave ablation for liver metastases from colorectal cancer: A comprehensive review of clinical efficacy and safety.

Microwave ablation (MWA) is emerging as a highly effective treatment for colorectal liver metastases (CRLMs). This review explores the advantages of MWA compared to other ablative techniques such as radiofrequency ablation and cryoablation and highlights its clinical efficacy, safety, and technical considerations. MWA offers significant benefits, including higher intratumoral temperatures, larger ablation zones, and reduced susceptibility to the heat-sink effect, which make it particularly suitable for tumors near large blood vessels.

Evaluating the predictive value of endoscopic findings for residual colorectal cancer following neoadjuvant combination immunotherapy.

Background: Endoscopy allows for the direct observation of primary tumor characteristics and responses after neoadjuvant treatment. However, reports on endoscopic evaluation following neoadjuvant immunotherapy remain limited.

Aim: To examine the predictive value of endoscopic findings of primary tumors for responses to neoadjuvant immunotherapy.

Clinical observation on prognosis of mixed hemorrhoids treated with polidocanol injection combined with automatic elastic thread ligation operation.

Background: A total of 100 patients diagnosed with mixed hemorrhoids from October 2022 to September 2023 in our hospital were randomly divided into groups by dice rolling and compared with the efficacy of different treatment options.

Aim: To analyze the clinical effect and prognosis of mixed hemorrhoids treated with polidocanol injection combined with automatic elastic thread ligation operation (RPH).

Methods: A total of 100 patients with mixed hemorrhoids who visited our hospital from October 2022 to September 2023 were selected and randomly divided into the control group ( = 50) and the treatment group ( = 50) by rolling the dice.

Multiple jejunal diverticula with repeated gastrointestinal bleeding: A case report.

Background: Jejunal diverticula (JD) are rare clinical conditions that are typically incidentally detected and asymptomatic. When acute complications arise, surgical exploration may be necessary for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. In this report, we present a case of multiple JD complicated by gastrointestinal bleeding and review the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of JD to increase clinician awareness of this condition.

Evaluation of surgical strategy for low anterior resection syndrome using preoperative low anterior resection syndrome score in China.

Background: Despite improved survival rates in rectal cancer treatment, many patients experience low anterior resection syndrome (LARS). The preoperative LARS score (POLARS) aims to address the limitations of LARS assessment by predicting outcomes preoperatively to enhance surgical planning.

Aim: To investigate the predictive accuracy of POLARS in assessing the occurrence of LARS.

Comparative efficacy analysis of laparoscopic-assisted transanal total mesorectal excision laparoscopic transanal mesorectal excision for low-lying rectal cancer.

Background: With the continuous development of laparoscopic techniques in recent years, laparoscopic total mesorectal excision (LapTME) and laparoscopic-assisted transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) have gradually become important surgical techniques for treating low-lying rectal cancer (LRC). However, there is still controversy over the efficacy and safety of these two surgical modalities in LRC treatment.

Aim: To compare the efficacy of LapTME TaTME in patients with LRC.