Gastrointestinal lesions of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis: a prediction model and clinical patterns.

Objective: Severe gastrointestinal lesions are associated with a poor prognosis in eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA). The goal of this study was to develop an effective predictive model for gastrointestinal lesions and to examine clinical patterns, associated factors, treatment, and outcomes of gastrointestinal lesions in EGPA.

Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 165 EGPA patients.

Metabolomics combined with physiology and transcriptomics reveal the regulation of key nitrogen metabolic pathways in alfalfa by foliar spraying with nano-selenium.

Selenium promotes plant growth and improves nutritional quality, and the role of nano-selenium in alfalfa in regulating nutritional quality is unknown. In this study, using the N labeling method, it was found that nano-selenium could promote plant nitrogen metabolism and photosynthesis by increasing the light energy capture capacity and the activities of key enzymes of the nitrogen metabolism process, leading to an increase in alfalfa nitrogen accumulation and dry matter content. The transcriptome and metabolome revealed that nano-selenium mainly affected the pathways of 'biosynthesis of amino acids', 'starch and sucrose metabolism', 'pentose and glucuronate interconversions', 'pentose phosphate pathway', and 'flavonoid biosynthesis'.

Coil embolization of anomalous systemic artery to the left lower lobe in an asymptomatic adult: a case report.

Background: Anomalous systemic artery to the left lower lobe (ASALLL) is a rare congenital anomaly. The primary symptoms include hemoptysis and lung infection, though some patients may remain asymptomatic. Currently, there is no consensus on the indications for treatment or the optimal choice of therapy for this condition.

Successful thoracoscopic-assisted resection of a functional paraganglioma in the mediastinum with extracorporeal circulation: a case report.

Background: Paragangliomas are rare neoplasms arising from extra-adrenal chromaffin cells, with mediastinal paragangliomas representing an exceptionally rare subset. This report details the surgical management of a complex mediastinal paraganglioma case, presenting with refractory hypertension and invasion of critical surrounding structures. A comprehensive review of the current literature is included to underscore existing cases, enhance clinical awareness, and share our insights and experience in the diagnosis and treatment of this challenging condition.

Relationship between systemic immune-inflammation index and depression among individuals with and without cardiovascular disease.

Objective: Depression is a common comorbidity in cardiovascular disease (CVD), and both conditions are associated with chronic inflammation. The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) has emerged as a promising marker of systemic inflammation, but its role in association with depressive symptoms, particularly in the context of CVD, remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the association of SII with depressive symptoms in individuals with and without CVD using cross-sectional data from NHANES (2005-2016).

Identification and resolution of drug-related problems in the cardiovascular surgery unit of a tertiary hospital in China: a retrospective study.

Objective: The prevalence and characteristics of drug-related problems (DRPs) in the cardiovascular surgery unit have not been adequately explored, leaving a gap in our understanding of this critical issue. This study aimed to address this gap by determining the prevalence, characteristics of DRPs and identifying factors associated with their occurrence.

Methods: During a non-consecutive 48-month study period, a retrospective analysis was conducted to investigate DRPs and the interventions carried out by pharmacists for patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery.

Electroacupuncture attenuates ferroptosis by promoting Nrf2 nuclear translocation and activating Nrf2/SLC7A11/GPX4 pathway in ischemic stroke.

Objective: Electroacupuncture has been shown to play a neuroprotective role following ischemic stroke, but the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. Ferroptosis has been shown to play a key role in the injury process. In the present study, we wanted to explore whether electroacupuncture could inhibit ferroptosis by promoting nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) nuclear translocation.

Therapeutic reduction of neurocan in murine intracerebral hemorrhage lesions promotes oligodendrogenesis and functional recovery.

Background: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) causes prominent deposition of extracellular matrix molecules, particularly the chondroitin sulphate proteoglycan (CSPG) member neurocan. In tissue culture, neurocan impedes the properties of oligodendrocytes. Whether therapeutic reduction of neurocan promotes oligodendrogenesis and functional recovery in ICH is unknown.

Open challenges and opportunities in federated foundation models towards biomedical healthcare.

This survey explores the transformative impact of foundation models (FMs) in artificial intelligence, focusing on their integration with federated learning (FL) in biomedical research. Foundation models such as ChatGPT, LLaMa, and CLIP, which are trained on vast datasets through methods including unsupervised pretraining, self-supervised learning, instructed fine-tuning, and reinforcement learning from human feedback, represent significant advancements in machine learning. These models, with their ability to generate coherent text and realistic images, are crucial for biomedical applications that require processing diverse data forms such as clinical reports, diagnostic images, and multimodal patient interactions.

Analysis of the effect of initial hemostasis resuscitation with recombinant human coagulation factor VII a on the treatment of postoperative hemorrhage in cardiac surgery.

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of initial hemostatic resuscitation(IHR) on the treatment of bleeding with recombinant human coagulation factor VIIa after cardiac surgery.

Methods: The clinical data of patients who received rFVIIa hemostatic treatment after cardiac surgery at Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, from January 1, 2021, to December 31, 2021 were retrospectively collected. A total of 152 cases were included in the study.

The expression of MALAT1, plasma brain natriuretic peptide, and Tei index in sepsis-induced myocardial injury.

Purpose: We sought to investigate the expression of MALAT1, plasma brain natriuretic peptide, and Tei index in sepsis-induced myocardial injury.

Methods: The current retrospective analysis focused on 146 sepsis patients admitted to our hospital from February 2021 to March 2023. Based on the presence or absence of myocardial injury, the patients were divided into two groups: the sepsis group (n = 80) and the sepsis-induced myocardial injury group (n = 66).

Heparin rebound in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting surgery: a single-center retrospective study.

Background: Heparin, an anticoagulant used in cardiac surgery, can result in heparin rebound (HR), where it returns postoperatively despite being neutralized with protamine. This study was designed to investigate the prevalence of HR in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB) and evaluate the impact of HR on their short-term outcomes.

Methods: HR was defined by a 10% increase in activated coagulation time (ACT) following two hours of heparin neutralization with protamine, bleeding over 200 mL/h, and abnormal laboratory coagulation examination results.

Exposure to tobacco advertisements or promotions and smoking susceptibility among adolescents in China from 2013-14 to 2021: findings from the China National Youth Tobacco Survey.

Background: Tobacco advertisements or promotions (TAPs) can increase smoking susceptibility, especially among adolescents.China has made great progress in reducing TAPs, but has not yet achieved a total ban.This study estimated exposure to TAPs and smoking susceptibility and their changes from 2013-14 to 2021 among Chinese adolescents and examined their association.

Net energy of grains for dairy goats differed with processing methods and grain types.

Background: The diverse types and processing methods of grains intricately influence the sites and digestibility of starch digestion, thereby impacting energy utilization. This study aimed to explore the impact of grain variety and processing methods on the net energy (NE) in dairy goats, analyzing these effects at the level of nutrient digestion and metabolism.

Methods: Eighteen castrated Guanzhong dairy goats (44.

Managing xylazine-involved overdoses in a community harm reduction setting: lessons from Tijuana, Mexico.

Background: Xylazine is a α2-adrenergic receptor agonist, used for sedation in veterinary contexts. Although it is increasingly found in overdose deaths across North America, the clinical management of xylazine-involved overdoses has not been extensively studied, especially in community-based harm reduction settings. Here we present a clinical series of xylazine-involved overdose and share the clinical approach and lessons learned by a community overdose response team in Tijuana, Mexico amidst the arrival of xylazine.

The first case of esophageal mediastinal fistula after immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer: case report and literature review.

Background: Malignant esophageal mediastinal fistula is a severe complication that occurs in both the advanced stages of esophageal cancer and after radiotherapy for esophageal cancer. Esophageal mediastinal fistula is very susceptible to complications such as mediastinitis and mediastinal abscess, resulting in a significantly elevated mortality rate for patients. We reported a rare case of esophageal mediastinal fistula after immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Unveiling the uncommon: hypoplasia of external iliac artery-a case report and literature review.

The absence or dysplasia of the iliac artery(IA) is an exceedingly rare condition, with limited cases documented in the literature. In this report, we present a case of hypoplasia of the right external iliac artery (EIA) in a 69-year-old male patient. The patient presented with right lower abdominal pain attributed to an aneurysm of the right internal iliac artery (IIA), yet notably, there was no evidence of lower limb ischemia at the time of consultation.

Magnetic resonance imaging quantification of left ventricular mechanical dispersion and scar heterogeneity optimize risk stratification after myocardial infarction.

Background: Left ventricular (LV) myocardial contraction patterns can be assessed using LV mechanical dispersion (LVMD), a parameter closely associated with electrical activation patterns. Despite its potential clinical significance, limited research has been conducted on LVMD following myocardial infarction (MI). This study aims to evaluate the predictive value of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR)-derived LVMD for adverse clinical outcomes and to explore its correlation with myocardial scar heterogeneity.

Predicting purulent meningitis in very preterm infants: a novel clinical model.

Background: Purulent meningitis (PM) is a commonly encountered infectious condition in newborns, which unfortunately can result in infant mortality. Newborns with PM often present nonspecific symptoms. The success of lumbar puncture, an invasive test, relies on the operator's expertise.

Statistical optimization of pectinases from thermophilic Aspergillus fumigatus BT-4 employing response surface methodology through submerged fermentation using agricultural wastes.

Background: In this study, thermophilic pectinase-producing strains were isolated. Among all the isolates, strain No. 4 was identified as Aspergillus fumigatus BT-4 based on its morphology and 18 S rDNA analysis.

D-ribose-5-phosphate inactivates YAP and functions as a metabolic checkpoint.

Background: Targeting glucose uptake by glucose transporter (GLUT) inhibitors is a therapeutic opportunity, but efforts on GLUT inhibitors have not been successful in the clinic and the underlying mechanism remains unclear. We aim to identify the key metabolic changes responsible for cancer cell survival from glucose limitation and elucidate its mechanism.

Methods: The level of phosphorylated YAP was analyzed with Western blotting and Phos-tag immunoblotting.

Downregulation of serum miR-30c-5p serves as a biomarker to predict disease onset and short-term prognosis in acute coronary syndrome patients.

Background & Objective: Timely intervention for Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) could effectively reduce the mortality rate of ACS patients. This study aimed to investigate the clinical significance of miR-30c-5p for ACS and to provide a convenient biomarker for diagnosing of ACS.

Methods: Baseline information was collected from a total of 173 subjects (98 ACS subjects and 65 healthy subjects).

CXCL14 in prostate cancer: complex interactions in the tumor microenvironment and future prospects.

CXCL14 is a highly conserved chemokine expressed in various cell types, playing crucial roles in both physiological and pathological processes, including immune regulation and tumorigenesis. Recently, the role of CXCL14 in tumors has attracted considerable attention. However, previous pan-cancer studies have reported inconsistencies regarding the effects of CXCL14 on tumors, particularly concerning its expression levels in tumor tissues and its influence on various phenotypes of cancer cells.

Microbiota analysis of perimenopausal women experiencing recurrent vaginitis in conjunction with urinary tract infection.

Background: Recurrent vaginitis in conjunction with urinary tract infection (RV/UTI) in perimenopausal women is a common clinical condition that impacts both doctors and patients. Its pathogenesis is not completely known, but the urogenital microbiota is thought to be involved. We compared the urogenital and gut microbiotas of perimenopausal women experiencing RV/UTI with those of age-matched controls to provide a new microbiological perspective and scheme for solving clinical problems.

Cordycepin affects Streptococcus mutans biofilm and interferes with its metabolism.

Background: Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) contributes to caries. The biofilm formed by S.