Terahertz Science and Technology in Astronomy, Telecommunications, and Biophysics.

This paper reviews recent developments and key advances in terahertz (THz) science, technology, and applications, focusing on 3 core areas: astronomy, telecommunications, and biophysics. In THz astronomy, it highlights major discoveries and ongoing projects, emphasizing the role of advanced superconducting technologies, including superconductor-insulator-superconductor (SIS) mixers, hot electron boundedness spectroscopy (HEB), transition-edge sensors (TESs), and kinetic inductance detectors (KIDs), while exploring prospects in the field. For THz telecommunication, it discusses progress in solid-state sources, new communication technologies operating within the THz band, and diverse modulation methods that enhance transmission capabilities.

A Networked Intelligent Elderly Care Model Based on Nursing Robots to Achieve Healthy Aging.

As global populations become increasingly aged, existing elderly care models are proving insufficient. The development and application of nursing robots have shown potential in addressing the challenges of elder care in aging societies. This perspective outlines current state and potential applications of nursing robots in promoting healthy aging.

Oral resists the acidic pH of the stomach due to membrane erucic acid synthesized via enoyl-CoA hydratase-related protein FnFabM.

Background And Objective: Oral bacteria can translocate to the intestine, and their colonization efficiency is influenced by the gastrointestinal tract pH. Understanding how oral bacteria resist acidic environments is crucial for elucidating their role in gut health and disease.

Methods: To investigate the mechanisms of acid resistance in oral bacteria, an in vitro gastrointestinal tract Dynamic pH Model was established.

Does urban-rural integration contribute to environmental health? Exploring the interplay between urban-rural integration and air quality dynamics in Yangtze River middle reaches city cluster.

Background: Exploring the coordinated relationship between urban-rural integration and air quality has significant implications for promoting urban-rural development, preventing air pollution and ensuring residents' health. This study takes Yangtze River middle reaches city cluster as a case study, calculates the levels of urban-rural integration and air quality development, analyzes their coupled coordination relationship and driving factors, and explores the path of coordinated development.

Methods: This study constructs a coupling coordination degree model to analyze the relationship between the urban-rural integration development level and air quality development level.

The burden of hepatitis E virus infection among Ghanaian pregnant women.

Introduction: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection poses a significant burden on pregnant women, with associated negative outcomes. Although well-described in many developed countries, the epidemiology of the disease and its impact on maternal and fetal health in Ghana is not fully understood.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in the antenatal clinics of 10 district hospitals in five regions of Ghana.

The effect of blood flow restriction training on core muscle strength and pain in male collegiate athletes with chronic non-specific low back pain.

Objective: The objective of this study is to compare the effectiveness of low-load blood flow restriction training (LL-BFRT) to heavy-load resistance training (HL-RT) in male collegiate athletes with chronic non-specific low back pain (CNLBP).

Methods: Twenty-six participants were randomly assigned to LL-BFRT ( = 13) or HL-RT ( = 13). All participants supervised exercises (deep-squat, lateral pull-down, bench-press and machine seated crunch) cycled 4 times per week for 4 weeks (16 sessions).

The role of government fiscal and tax incentives in green technology innovation and enterprise development: implications for human health and hygiene.

Purpose: This study aims to examine how government fiscal and tax incentives facilitate the development and application of green technologies, promoting corporate environmental responsibility and improving public health and hygiene.

Methods: The study utilizes empirical data from listed enterprises in the new energy automobile industry between 2018 and 2023. A multiple regression model is used to assess the effects of government subsidies and tax incentives on green technological innovation and enterprise growth, controlling for various factors such as enterprise size and R&D investment.

Global temporal trends and projections of hepatitis B-related cirrhosis among adolescents and young adults from 1990 to 2035: an analysis based on the global burden of disease study 2021.

Background: Chronic hepatitis B and cirrhosis pose significant global health threats. Few studies have explored the disease burden and mortality trend of cirrhosis caused by hepatitis B virus infection among adolescents and young adults (AYAs, aged 15-39 years). This study aimed to assess the disease burden and trends.

Comparing circular and flexibly-shaped scan statistics for disease clustering detection.

The accuracy of spatial clustering detection is crucial for public health policy development and identifying etiological clues. Circular and flexibly-shaped scan statistics are widely used for disease cluster detection, but differences in results arise mainly due to parameter sensitivity and variations in the scanning window shapes. This study aims to analyze the impact of parameter settings on the results of these methods and compare their performance in disease clustering detection.

Ethical leadership and nurses' job performance: the mediating role of self-compassion.

Background: Ethical leadership is crucial in nursing management, and self-compassion is increasingly recognized as a significant factor influencing nurses' job performance. Although the link between ethical leadership and nurse job performance has been established, the specific mechanisms that underlie this relationship remain unclear. Additionally, there is a paucity of research examining the potential role of self-compassion in this context.

Effects of PM exposure and air temperature on risk of cardiovascular disease: evidence from a prospective cohort study.

Background And Aims: Evidence from extensive cohort studies about the individual and combined associations of air pollution and air temperature with cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity is limited. This study aimed to examine the long-term effects of PM exposure and air temperature on CVD based on a cohort study of middle-aged and older populations in China.

Methods: A total of 9,316 non-CVD adults (≥40 years old) who joined the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study between 2011 and 2018 were included in our analysis.

The role of PCBP1 in carbon ion-induced ferroptosis and inhibition of lung adenocarcinoma proliferation.

Objective: To investigate the role of PCBP1 in the inhibition of lung adenocarcinoma proliferation by carbon irradiation.

Methods: A549 cells were irradiated with different doses of carbon ions to observe clonal survival and detect changes in cell proliferation. Whole transcriptome sequencing and the Illumina platform were used to analyze the differentially expressed genes in A549 cells after carbon ion irradiation.

Impact of peer interaction on maternal health service utilization in rural northwest China.

Background: Effective use of health services by pregnant and postpartum woman (PPWs) is crucial to maternal and child health. Most maternal deaths are attributed to inadequate maternal health services, especially in rural areas. As a vulnerable group, rural PPWs can effectively prevent and reduce maternal and infant health risk factors through whole-process health management and ensure the health and safety of mothers and infants.

Association between smoking status and health-related quality of life: a study on differences among age groups.

Purpose: This study explored the effect of four different smoking statuses (non-smokers, moderate smokers, heavy smokers, and former smokers) on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among residents aged 15 years and older in Sichuan Province, China with consideration of potential differences among age groups (young, middle-aged, and older adults).

Methods: The EQ-5D-5L utility index and EQ-VAS score were used to measure HRQOL. Self-reporting and salivary cotinine test were used to determine the smoking status of respondents, and the Tobit regression model was used to explore the relationship between smoking status and HRQOL.

Global burden of pneumoconiosis attributable to occupational particulate matter, gasses, and fumes from 1990~2021 and forecasting the future trends: a population-based study.

Background: This study aimed to quantify the global impact of pneumoconiosis resulting from occupational exposure to particulate matter, gasses, and fumes from 1990 to 2021, utilizing data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Method: The analysis evaluated the global, regional, and national burden of pneumoconiosis attributable to workplace exposure to particulate matter, gasses, and fumes. It explored variations in disease impact across different demographics, including age and gender, and analyzed the relationship between disease burden and the Socio-Demographic Index (SDI).

Global burden, trends, and disparities in kidney cancer attributable to smoking from 1990 to 2021.

Purpose: Smoking is a well-established risk factor for kidney cancer. Analyzing the latest global spatio-temporal trends in the kidney cancer burden attributable to smoking is critical for informing effective public health policies.

Methods: Using data from the 2021 GBD database, we examined deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and age-standardized rate (ASR) of kidney cancer attributable to smoking across global, regional, and national levels.

Exploring segmented assimilation theory in health education utilization and its influencing factors among internal migrants in China: insights from the 2017 China migrants dynamic survey.

Introduction: This study investigated segmented assimilation patterns and factors influencing health education utilization (HEU) among internal migrant populations in China, driven by concerns over their declining health owing to urbanization-related changes.

Methods: Data from the 2017 China Migrants Dynamic Survey were analyzed, focusing on 13,998 rural migrants. Negative binomial regression was used to explore assimilation patterns and determine the factors affecting HEU among internal migrants in China.

Sustainable performance evaluation of pharmaceutical companies: sustainable balanced scorecard and hybrid MCDM approach.

Despite the increasing demand for sustainable development of pharmaceutical companies due to the rigorous pressure of environmental regulation, public health crisis and economic competition, there has been little research on relevant evaluation models. The COVID-19 experience has also prompted investors in pharmaceutical companies to re-examine the impact of environment and ethics on business development. Therefore, pharmaceutical companies need to focus on their performance, especially on the shift from a single financial performance to an integrated performance.

Relationship between Internet use and offline leisure activities among Chinese older adult people: a moderated mediation model.

Background: The process of aging in Chinese society is accompanied by the concurrent development of the Internet. In recent years, the influence of Internet use on the activities of older adults has attracted growing interest and is now a significant focus of both public health and gerontological research. Nevertheless, there is a need for further empirical research in this area.

The impact of work-family conflict on early childhood teachers' occupational well-being: the chain mediating role of psychological empowerment and job crafting.

Purpose: The occupational well-being of early childhood teachers, as a crucial measure of the stability of the early childhood workforce, is increasingly becoming a core topic of interest within the education system. Work-related stressors, particularly work-family conflict, have drawn significant attention for their impact on the occupational well-being of early childhood teachers, becoming a prominent issue in the education field. However, current research rarely explores the relationship between these factors and the underlying mechanisms involved.

Association between ambient air pollution and outpatient visits of cardiovascular diseases in Zibo, China: a time series analysis.

Introduction: Facing Mount Tai in the south and the Yellow River in the north, Zibo District is an important petrochemical base in China. The effect of air pollution on cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in Zibo was unclear.

Methods: Daily outpatient visits of common CVDs including coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, and arrhythmia were obtained from 2019 to 2022 in Zibo.

A cost-effective oligo-based barcode system for chromosome identification in longan and lychee.

Oligonucleotide (Oligo)-based fluorescence hybridization (FISH) represents a highly effective methodology for identifying plant chromosomes. Longan is a commercially significant fruit species, yet lacking basic chromosomal markers has hindered its cytogenetic research. In this study, we developed a cost-effective oligo-based system for distinguishing chromosomes of longan ( Lour.

The mediating role of English learning motivation between socioeconomic status and pragmatic awareness.

Socioeconomic status (SES) has received great attention in learning a second or foreign language (SL/FL). However, little research has investigated the association between SES and SL/FL pragmatic learning, let alone the influencing pathways of SES on SL/FL pragmatic awareness (PA). Therefore, this research aimed to address the link between learners' SES and PA with the mediating effects of learning motivation based on the L2 motivation self-system (L2MSS) theory by surveying 292 Chinese EFL university students.

Testing the relationships of hope and negotiable fate with sleep quality among university students in Hong Kong.

For university students, who are often under significant stress to perform well, sleep is particularly important, playing roles in learning and academic performance. Research demonstrates a relationship between hope and sleep quality. However, most work concerns Western samples, and the hope construct has been criticized for a Western bias.