Aluminum Induces Neurotoxicity through the MicroRNA-98-5p/Insulin-like Growth Factor 2 Axis.

Aluminum is a well-known and widely distributed environmental neurotoxin. This study aimed to investigate the effect of miR-98-5p targeting insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) on aluminum neurotoxicity. Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups and administered 0, 10, 20, and 40 μmol/kg maltol aluminum [Al(mal)], respectively.

Photoinduced Long-Distance Charge Transfer in Silicanes: The Stacking Matters.

The generation of interlayer charge transfer excitons upon photoexcitation is strongly desirable for two-dimensional (2D) materials stacked through van der Waals interactions. In this work, we investigate photoinduced charge transfer in silicanes (SiH) with three typical stackings. A concept of the regional natural hole orbital and its conjugated particle orbital is developed to characterize excited states in solids.

Mapping the Landscape of Digital Health Intervention Strategies: 25-Year Synthesis.

Background: Digital health interventions have emerged as promising tools to promote health behavior change and improve health outcomes. However, a comprehensive synthesis of strategies contributing to these interventions is lacking.

Objective: This study aims to (1) identify and categorize the strategies used in digital health interventions over the past 25 years; (2) explore the differences and changes in these strategies across time periods, countries, populations, delivery methods, and senders; and (3) serve as a valuable reference for future researchers and practitioners to improve the effectiveness of digital health interventions.

sp. nov., a novel yeast species isolated from plant leaves in China.

Two novel yeast strains, NYNU 236247 and NYNU 23523, were isolated from the leaves of Hance, collected in the Tianchi Mountain National Forest Park, Henan Province, central China. Phylogenetic analysis of the D1/D2 domain of the large subunit rRNA gene and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region revealed the closest relatives of the strains are three described species: , and . The novel species differed from the type strains of these three species by 12 to 22 nucleotide substitutions and 1 gap (~2.

In situ Selenization Induced Electron-Rich Pd with Weakened O2 Adsorption for Boosted Photocatalytic H2O2 Production.

Pd cocatalysts show great potential for the photocatalytic production of H2O2. However, the catalytic efficiency of Pd cocatalyst is limited due to the strong adsorption of O2, which promotes O-O bond cleavage and thus reduces selectivity for the two-electron O2 reduction reaction. Considering that adjusting the electron density of Pd can predominately optimize Pd-Oads bond strength, in this work, electron-rich Pd sites are constructed by introducing Bi2Se3 middle layer between Pd cocatalysts and (010) facet of BiVO4 using an in-situ selenization strategy.

Identifying Community-Built Environment's Effect on Physical Activity and Depressive Symptoms Trajectories Among Middle-aged and Older Adults: Chinese National Longitudinal Study.

Background: The effects of physical activity (PA) across different domains and intensities on depressive symptoms remain inconclusive. Incorporating the community-built environment (CBE) into longitudinal analyses of PA's impact on depressive symptoms is crucial.

Objective: This study aims to examine the effects of PA at different intensities-low-intensity PA (eg, walking activities) and moderate-to-vigorous-intensity PA (eg, activities requiring substantial effort and causing faster breathing or shortness of breath)-across leisure-time and occupational domains on depressive symptom trajectories among middle-aged and older adults.

Intra-Arterial Tenecteplase Following Endovascular Reperfusion for Large Vessel Occlusion Acute Ischemic Stroke: The POST-TNK Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: The impact of adjunctive intra-arterial tenecteplase administration following near-complete to complete reperfusion by endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) for acute ischemic stroke is unknown.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and adverse events of adjunctive intra-arterial tenecteplase in patients with large vessel occlusion stroke who had achieved near-complete to complete reperfusion (defined as a score on the expanded Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction [eTICI] scale of 2c to 3) after EVT.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Investigator-initiated, randomized, open-label, blinded outcome assessment trial implemented at 34 hospitals in China among 540 patients with stroke due to proximal intracranial large vessel occlusion within 24 hours of the time they were last known to be well, with an eTICI score of 2c to 3 after EVT, and without prior intravenous thrombolysis.

Intra-Arterial Urokinase After Endovascular Reperfusion for Acute Ischemic Stroke: The POST-UK Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Persisting or new thrombi in the distal arteries and the microcirculation have been reported to limit the benefits of successful endovascular thrombectomy for patients with acute ischemic stroke. It remains uncertain whether intra-arterial thrombolysis by urokinase following near-complete to complete reperfusion by thrombectomy improves outcomes among patients with ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and adverse events of intra-arterial urokinase after near-complete to complete reperfusion by thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion.

EnrichRBP: an automated and interpretable computational platform for predicting and analyzing RNA-binding protein events.

Motivation: Predicting RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) is central to understanding post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms. Here, we introduce EnrichRBP, an automated and interpretable computational platform specifically designed for the comprehensive analysis of RBP interactions with RNA.

Results: EnrichRBP is a web service that enables researchers to develop original deep learning and machine learning architectures to explore the complex dynamics of RNA-binding proteins.

Clonal haematopoiesis of indeterminate potential and risk of microvascular complications among individuals with type 2 diabetes: a cohort study.

Clonal haematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is associated with macrovascular diseases, including coronary artery disease and stroke. However, the effects of CHIP on microvascular complication have not been evaluated in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study included 20,712 T2D participants without prevalent diabetic microvascular complication (DMCs) and hematologic malignancy at baseline.

An Efficient and Cost-Effective Novel Strategy for Identifying CRISPR-Cas-Mediated Mutants in Plant Offspring.

The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 system has revolutionized targeted mutagenesis, but screening for mutations in large sample pools can be time-consuming and costly. We present an efficient and cost-effective polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based strategy for identifying edited mutants in the T generation. Unlike previous methods, our approach addresses the challenges of large progeny populations by using T generation sequencing results for genotype prediction.

Establishment of a CRISPR-Cas9-Mediated Genome Editing System in Flax.

Flax is an important crop used for oil and fiber production. Although genetic engineering has been possible in flax, it is not commonly used to produce cultivars. However, the use of genome editing technology, which can produce site-specific mutations without introducing foreign genes, may be a valuable tool for creating elite cultivars that can be easily cultivated.

Effect and mechanism of oritavancin on hIAPP amyloid formation.

Amyloidosis of the human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) is closely related to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and serves as both a diagnostic hallmark and a key therapeutic target for T2D. In this study, we discovered that oritavancin (Ori), a glycopeptide antibiotic primarily prescribed for Gram-positive bacterial infections, can dose-dependently inhibit recombinant hIAPP (rhIAPP) amyloid formation. Ori specifically inhibited rhIAPP amyloid formation at the initial nucleation stage but didn't affect mature rhIAPP fibrils.

A Comprehensive Analysis of Sex-Biased Gene Expression in the Aging Human Retina Through a Combination of Single-Cell and Bulk RNA Sequencing.

Purpose: Previous studies have reported divergent sexual responses to aging; however, specific variations in gene expression between aging males and females and their potential association with age-related retinal diseases remain unclear. This study collected data from public databases and developed a comprehensive comparison of retina between aging females and males.

Methods: Single-cell RNA (scRNA) and bulk RNA sequencing data of the aging retina from females and males in public databases were utilized for integrated analysis to investigate sex-biased expression in retina.

Targeted Activation of OGG1 Inhibits Paraptosis in Lens Epithelial Cells of Early Age-Related Cortical Cataract.

Purpose: To investigate potential modes of programmed cell death in the lens epithelial cells (LECs) of patients with early age-related cortical cataract (ARCC) and to explore early-stage intervention strategies.

Methods: Anterior lens capsules were collected from early ARCC patients for comprehensive analysis. Ultrastructural examination of LECs was performed using transmission electron microscopy.

Antiviral Medications for Treatment of Nonsevere Influenza: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

Importance: The optimal antiviral drug for treatment of nonsevere influenza remains unclear.

Objective: To compare effects of antiviral drugs for treating nonsevere influenza.

Data Sources: MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, CINAHL, Global Health, Epistemonikos, and ClinicalTrials.

Innovations in RNA therapeutics: a review of recent advances and emerging technologies.

The field of biomedical science has witnessed another milestone with the advent of RNA-based therapeutics. This review explores three major RNA molecules, namely: messenger RNA (mRNA), RNA interference technology (RNAi), and Antisense Oligonucleotide (ASO), and analyses U.S.

For Myself or for Others? The Influence of Family Communication Patterns on Family Health History Communication and Online Health Information Seeking.

With innovations in health information technology, there are increasing opportunities to search for health information online, with the potential to reduce health care costs and improve health outcomes for the family. This study aims to investigate how family communication processes influence online health information seeking for oneself (self OHIS) and for another person (surrogate OHIS). An online survey was conducted among 325 adults in China.

Manipulation of Surface Spin Configurations for Enhanced Performance in Oxygen Evolution Reactions.

studies of the relationship between surface spin configurations and spin-related electrocatalytic reactions are crucial for understanding how magnetic catalysts enhance oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance under magnetic fields. In this work, 2D FeSe nanosheets with rich surface spin configurations are synthesized via chemical vapor deposition. magnetic force microscopy and Raman spectroscopy reveal that a 200 mT magnetic field eliminates spin-disordered domain walls, forming a spin-ordered single-domain structure, which lowers the OER energy barrier, as confirmed by theoretical calculations.

Discovery of a 2'-α-Fluoro-2'-β--(fluoromethyl) Purine Nucleotide Prodrug as a Potential Oral Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Agent.

A novel 2'-α-fluoro-2'-β--(fluoromethyl) purine nucleoside phosphoramidate prodrug has been designed and synthesized to treat SARS-CoV-2 infection. The SARS-CoV-2 central replication transcription complex (C-RTC, nsp12-nsp7-nsp8) catalyzed in vitro RNA synthesis was effectively inhibited by the corresponding bioactive nucleoside triphosphate (). The cryo-electron microscopy structure of the C-RTC: complex was also determined.

Phytochemical Profiling and Biological Activities of Nigella sativa Vinegar Extract: An Insight Into Hypoglycemic Potential Using In Vivo and In Silico Studies.

The current study was conducted to characterize the vinegar extract of Nigella sativa and evaluate its biological activities using in vitro and in vivo studies. The N. sativa extract (NSE) was prepared by macerating seeds in a mixture of water and synthetic vinegar (1:10).

Electrodeposited Nitrate-Intercalated NiFeCe-Based (Oxy)hydroxide Heterostructure as a Competent Electrocatalyst for Overall Water Splitting.

Electrochemical water splitting is a promising method for the generation of "green hydrogen", a renewable and sustainable energy source. However, the complex, multistep synthesis processes, often involving hazardous or expensive chemicals, limit its broader adoption. Herein, a nitrate (NO) anion-intercalated nickel-iron-cerium mixed-metal (oxy)hydroxide heterostructure electrocatalyst is fabricated on nickel foam (NiFeCeOH@NF) via a simple electrodeposition method followed by cyclic voltammetry activation to enhance its surface properties.

CRISPR-Cas9 Targeting PCSK9: A Promising Therapeutic Approach for Atherosclerosis.

CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing technology, as an innovative biomedical tool, holds significant potential in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis. By precisely editing key genes such as PCSK9, CRISPR-Cas9 offers the possibility of long-term regulation of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), which may reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Early clinical studies of gene editing therapies like VERVE-101 have yielded encouraging results, highlighting both the feasibility and potential efficacy of this technology.