The role of socioeconomic factors in sex differences in intrinsic capacity among older adults: A cross-sectional study in Taiwan.

Objectives: The World Health Organization's Integrated Care for Older People (ICOPE) framework launched in 2019 is used to assess the intrinsic capacity of older individuals. Older women may face greater socioeconomic disadvantages, which can impact their physical and mental well-being. Therefore, we examined sex differences in intrinsic capacity and the influence of socioeconomic status.

Enlightening the invisible: Applications, limits and perspectives of intraoperative fluorescence in neurosurgery.

Introduction: The introduction of intraoperative fluorophores represented a significant advancement in neurosurgical practice. Nowadays they found different applications: in oncology to improve the visualization of tumoral tissue and optimize resection rates and in vascular neurosurgery to assess the exclusion of vascular malformations or the permeability of bypasses, with real-time intraoperative evaluations.

Research Question: A comprehensive knowledge of how fluorophores work is crucial to maximize their benefits and to incorporate them into daily neurosurgical practice.

Risk Factors for Symptoms in Patients With Heterotopic Gastric Mucosa in the Upper Esophagus.

This study is aimed at comparing the clinical characteristics and histological types of symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with heterotopic gastric mucosa in the upper esophagus (HGMUE) and exploring the factors influencing the occurrence and severity of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) symptoms in these patients. HGMUE is a potential cause of LPR symptoms. This retrospective analysis evaluated 70 patients with HGMUE using a detailed questionnaire.

Recurrent opportunistic infections in a HIV-negative patient with combined C6 and mutations: A case report, pedigree analysis, and literature review.

Introduction: Recurrent opportunistic infections are particularly common in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, these opportunistic infections have also been reported in HIV-negative patients, especially those with primary immunodeficiency disorder (PID), a condition that involves a large heterogeneous group of disorders arising from defects in immune system development and/or function.

Case: Here, we report a very rare case of recurrent opportunistic infections in a non-HIV-infected patient combined with mutations in complement component C6 and nuclear factor kB subunit 1 ().

Development of PROTACs targeting estrogen receptor: an emerging technique for combating endocrine resistance.

Despite the success of endocrine therapies in treating ER-positive breast cancer, the development of resistance remains a significant challenge. Estrogen receptor targeting proteolysis-targeting chimeras (ER PROTACs) offer a unique approach by harnessing the ubiquitin-proteasome system to degrade ER, potentially bypassing resistance mechanisms. In this review, we present the drug design, efficacy and early clinical trials of these ER PROTACs.

KLASS (Korean Laparoendoscopic Gastrointestinal Surgery Study Group) trials: a 20-year great journey in advancing surgical clinical research for gastric cancer.

The Korean Laparoendoscopic Gastrointestinal Surgery Study Group (KLASS) trial series represents a comprehensive body of surgical clinical trials and studies focused on laparoscopic techniques in the treatment of gastric cancer. These trials, conducted and overseen by the KLASS, began with KLASS 01 in 2006 and have progressed to their 14th series as of December 2024. To date, approximately 36 papers, including pivotal publications, have been featured in high-impact journals, significantly advancing the field of gastric cancer treatment.

Comparative investigation on the adsorption behavior of bromate in aqueous solutions using Zn/Ni/Al-LDH and Ni/Al-LDH: optimization, equilibrium analysis, and mechanistic insights.

Unlabelled: The presence of bromate in water poses a significant health risk. In order to effectively eliminate bromate from water, this study synthesized a series of ternary Zn-Ni-Al layered double hydroxides with varying Zn/Ni/Al atomic ratios using a co-precipitation method. The adsorbents were characterized using various techniques including XRD, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and N adsorption-desorption isotherms.

Preliminary comparison of net gain in final adult height of girls with early menarche treated with or without gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist.

Background: Early menarche is associated with both physical and psychosocial problems. Based on psychological and physical health considerations, for girls with early menarche, some parents and physicians may elect to use gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRHa) to delay menstruation. This study aimed to explore the effects of GnRHa treatment on the final height of girls with early menarche and build the models to predict the final adult height (FAH).

Differential genes expression of immune tolerance induction in hemophilia A: an exploratory RNA-seq test from a Chinese hemophilia comprehensive care centre.

Background: The production of inhibitors is a serious complication that can arise during coagulation factor replacement therapy for hemophilia A (HA). The primary therapeutic strategy to eliminate inhibitors is immune tolerance induction (ITI), which is known to be an extremely challenging, prolonged, and costly treatment. With the widespread use of RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to analyze differentially expressed genes (DEGs) across various treatment outcomes, there is potential for predicting ITI outcomes.

Birth weight and ponderal index percentiles for twins based on sex and chorionicity in a center of Guangdong Province, China.

Background: Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) which is judged based on birth weight and gestational age, is associated with increased neonatal mobility and mortality and also has a further impact on physical and mental health during later in life. Using the birth weight percentile for singletons to assess twins might not accurately reflect the growth status of the twins; this could potentially lead to an incorrect evaluation of growth-restricted children. For a more precise assessment of twin newborns, it is beneficial to utilize twin-specific birth weight percentile curves and ponderal index (PI) curves that consider factors such as birth order and sex.

Clinical and genetic characteristics of patients with Alagille syndrome in China: identification of six novel and mutations.

Background: Alagille syndrome (ALGS) is a rare disease. The variable clinical manifestations make the diagnosis of ALGS difficult. This study aimed to provide a basis for the early diagnosis of ALGS patients whose clinical identification is difficult and to enrich the spectrum of genetic variants implicated in Chinese children with ALGS.

Clinical imaging and pathology analysis of Epstein-Barr virus-associated monomorphic lymphoproliferative disease after liver transplantation in children-a retrospective case series.

Background: Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) is a significant complication that can arise following solid organ transplantation or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. It encompasses a spectrum of lymphoproliferative lesions, ranging from benign reactive hyperplasia to malignant tumors, and is among the most severe complications following liver transplantation in children. It is essential for clinicians to gain a comprehensive understanding of the prevention, clinical manifestations, early diagnosis, and treatment strategies for PTLD in order to reduce mortality rates.

Impact of Re-Du-Ning enema treatment on the intestinal microflora in pediatric patients with hand, foot, and mouth disease.

Background: Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a prevalent infectious condition in children. This study aimed to assess the regulatory effects of Re-Du-Ning on the intestinal microflora of pediatric patients with HFMD.

Methods: Fecal samples were collected from children affected by HFMD, who were diagnosed at the traditional Chinese medicine pediatrics outpatient and emergency departments of Liuzhou Women and Children's Healthcare Hospital, as well as from healthy children undergoing physical examinations at the same hospital during the same period.

Epidemiological characteristics of community-acquired pneumoniae in hospitalized children around COVID-19 from Jiangsu Province, China: a multicenter retrospective study.

Background: It has been reported that the emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has changed the epidemiological characteristics of many pathogens, but the epidemiological characteristics of (MP) infection in hospitalized children with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) are not clear. The aim of this study was to answer this question.

Methods: Children with CAP in three tertiary hospitals (hospitals A, B and C) from 2018 to 2023 were selected.

Causal association between pregnancy disorders and neonatal jaundice: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Some studies have suggested that complications during pregnancy, such as preeclampsia, leiomyoma during pregnancy, oxytocin induction, and mode of delivery, may be risk factors for neonatal jaundice. Herein, we applied Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate a causal association between pregnancy disorders and neonatal jaundice.

Methods: Data related to neonatal jaundice and pregnancy disorders (including pre-eclampsia or eclampsia, gestational diabetes, and gestational edema) were sourced from the FinnGen Consortium and Integrated Epidemiology Unit (IEU) databases.

promotes cell apoptosis and cell-cycle arrest in osteosarcoma via the modulation of CDCA8/ATF3 by targeting NUSAP1.

Background: () is associated with a variety of malignancies. However, the role of in osteosarcoma and its underlying mechanism are not yet fully understood. This study aimed to explore the role and the mechanism of in osteosarcoma.

Anesthetics change the oral microbial composition of children and increase the abundance of the genus .

Background: Oral microbiome homeostasis is important for children's health, and microbial community is affected by anesthetics. The application of anesthetics in children's oral therapy has become a relatively mature method. This study aims to investigate the effect of different anesthesia techniques on children's oral microbiota.

Synergistic machine learning models utilizing ferroptosis-related genes for improved neuroblastoma outcome prediction.

Background: Neuroblastoma (NB) is a highly heterogeneous and common pediatric malignancy with a poor prognosis. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent cell death pathway, may play a crucial role in NB tumor progression and immune response. This study aimed to investigate ferroptosis in NB to identify potential therapeutic targets and develop predictive models for prognosis and recurrence.

Glycoprotein 350-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for nonneoplastic chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection: a case report.

Background: Chronic active Epstein-Barr virus (CAEBV) infection is a rare disease in which the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) persists and replicates, causing chronic symptoms and fatal complications. The treatment of CAEBV is still evolving. Our case report showed a new therapy for CAEBV.

Aggressive behavior in adolescent patients with mental disorders: what we can do.

Background: Aggressive behavior in adolescent patients is a common phenomenon in clinical treatment and nursing care. The objective of this study was to conduct an assessment of the prevailing patterns and determinants of aggressive behavior among adolescents with mental disorders, with the intent to offer valuable insights for enhancing clinical intervention and nursing practices.

Methods: Adolescent patients with mental disorders admitted to the psychiatric department of Suzhou Guangji Hospital from January 1, 2022, to June 30, 2024 were included.

Intravenous versus intramuscular route of administration of natural adrenocorticotropic hormone in infantile epileptic spasm syndrome.

Background: Infantile epileptic spasm syndrome (ISS) is an age-dependent epileptic condition typically emerging within the first year of life, and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) has been established as a first-line therapeutic drug for the ISS since 1958. However, there is a notable variation in ACTH dosage practices worldwide, with intramuscular injection being common in some countries and intravenous drip preferred in others, including China. This study aimed to identify a preferable administration modality for ACTH-based utilization in treating ISS.

Diagnostic accuracy of gasdermin D as a biomarker for necrotizing enterocolitis: a single-center diagnostic test study.

Background: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating gastrointestinal condition mainly affecting premature infants, and gasdermin D (GSDMD) has emerged as a molecule of interest due to its pivotal role in the inflammatory process called pyroptosis in NEC pathogenesis. The aim of this study is to examine the potential of GSDMD and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) as early diagnostic biomarkers for NEC.

Methods: We examined 207 infants with clinical symptoms of NEC admitted to our neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) between December 2023 and June 2024.

Metabolic cardiomyopathy associated with a compound heterozygous variant in NAD(P)HX dehydratase: a case report and literature review.

Background: Metabolic cardiomyopathy is characterized by structural and functional changes to the heart and interstitial fibrosis without coronary artery disease or hypertension. Inborn metabolic defects are a common cause of cardiomyopathy in children. There are more than 40 kinds of inborn metabolic defects that cause cardiomyopathy.

Diabetes-related cognitive impairment: Mechanisms, symptoms, and treatments.

Background: Diabetes-related cognitive impairment is increasingly recognized as a significant complication, profoundly impacting patients' quality of life. This review aims to examine the pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical manifestations, risk factors, assessment and diagnosis, management strategies, and future research directions of cognitive impairment in diabetes.

Methodology: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, Medline, and other medical databases to identify, review, and evaluate published articles on cognitive impairment in diabetes.

Knockdown of CCNB1 alleviates high glucose-triggered trophoblast dysfunction during gestational diabetes via Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), defined as glucose intolerance occurring or first detected during pregnancy, affects approximately 8% of pregnancies worldwide. The dysfunction of trophoblasts in pregnancies complicated by GDM is associated with changes in trophoblast cell functions, resulting in compromised proliferation and regulation of the cell cycle. Cyclin B1 (CCNB1), a pivotal controller of the start of mitosis, is crucial in these mechanisms.