Pretreatment of enzymatic hydrolysis lignin based on deep eutectic solvent containing a reversibly-soluble base.

The pretreatment with green deep eutectic solvents (DESs) is conducive to realizing the high-efficiency utilization of lignin at a low cost. In this study, an innovative choline chloride/urea/calcium hydroxide (ChCl/UR/Ca(OH)) DES containing a reversibly-soluble base Ca(OH) was developed for the pretreatment of enzymatic hydrolysis lignin (EHL). The lignin pretreatment effects of the proposed ChCl/UR/Ca(OH) DES were compare with a series of DESs.

Anti-hypercholesterolemic effects of small-molecule pectin from Premna ligustroides Hemsl leaves: Modulation of inflammatory markers and gut microbiota in mice.

Small-molecule pectin (SMP) extracted from the leaves of Premna ligustroides Hemsl, with a molecular weight range of 5000-35,000 Da, has demonstrated anti-inflammatory and lipid-lowering properties in vitro. This study explored the effects of SMP on hypercholesterolemia in mice, with a focus on inflammation, lipid profiles, and cholesterol metabolism. Mice received SMP at doses of 607, 303, and 152 mg/kg body weight.

Hepatoprotective effects of polysaccharide from Morchella esculenta are associated with activation of the AMPK/Sirt1 signaling pathway in mice with NAFLD.

The functional food application of edible fungus polysaccharides has been widely studied based on their variety of potential pharmacological activities. However, the hepatoprotective effects and mechanisms of Morchella esculenta polysaccharide against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remain unknown. A high-fat diet (HFD) fed C57BL/6 J mice for 8 weeks was employed to establish NAFLD with simple steatosis, methionine choline deficiency (MCD) diet for 4 weeks induced hepatic steatohepatitis and fibrosis.

Recent advances of intelligent polymer gels as active carriers for medical imaging-guided cancer therapy: A review.

Cancer is a major global health challenges and various imaging-guided techniques are gaining prominence for its diagnosis and therapy with the advantages of high sensitivity, spatial resolution, and quantitative capability. The effectiveness of these approaches mainly relies on the establishment of a responsive platform. The intelligent polymer gel composites as the active carriers have drawn considerable attention owing to their outstanding versatility, three-layer network structure, mechanical adjustability and so forth, which may be contribute to loading drug, imaging probe, and targeting biomarkers in medical imaging-guided cancer therapy (IGCT).

The synergistic effect of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride and glycerol on the performance of chitosan films.

In this study, we examined the plasticizing effects of 1-butyl-3-Methylimidazolium Chloride (BmimCl), glycerol, and their combination on chitosan (CS) films. Additionally, we examined the effect of plasticizers for chitosan films structure and physicochemical properties of CS films by FTIR, XRD, SEM and mechanism of action of plasticizers on the structure of CS films. The results indicated that the interaction between BmimCl and chitosan is mainly ionic interaction and hydrogen bonding, while the interaction between glycerol and CS is mainly hydrogen bonding.

Preparation, characterization, biological activity of 'Chuju' polysaccharides/chitosan and its application on the preservation of red grapes fruit.

In order to improve the preservation of red grape fruits, 'Chuju' polysaccharides (CCP) were cross-linked with chitosan (CS) to create CCP/CS composites with varying ratios. These composites were comprehensively characterized using FT-IR, C NMR, and SEM, which confirmed a smooth film surface and a uniform distribution of CCP. The composite films demonstrated efficacy in maintaining the quality of red grapes by mitigating shriveling and significantly reducing firmness loss by 22.

Octyl succinic anhydride-modified chitosan/oxidized sodium alginate Schiff base hydrogel loaded with terbinafine hydrochloride: pH-responsive, self-repairing, antifungal properties.

The application of hydrogels to drug delivery limited by the difficulty of encapsulating hydrophobic drugs; therefore, the development of novel composite hydrogels for the delivery of hydrophobic drugs is urgently needed. In this study, terbinafine hydrochloride/hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes (TFH/HP-β-CD ICs) were added to a Schiff base hydrogel matrix containing octenyl succinic anhydride-modified chitosan (OSA-CS) and sodium alginate (OIA) to prepare a TFH composite hydrogel (TFH GEL). The results revealed that the solubility of TFH in water within TFH/HP-β-CD IC reached 32.

On-demand celastrol delivery by hyaluronic acid-porphyrinic metal-organic frameworks for synergistic sonodynamic/pharmacological antibacterial therapy.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the most prevalent bacterial pathogens. The multi-drug resistance and strong biofilm-forming ability make the treatment of MRSA infections challenging. It is urgent to develop antibiotic-free, noninvasive and effective strategies against MRSA infections.

Fish gut symbiotic bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis: RSM optimization for its extracellular lipase enzyme production, lipase-protein purification, characterization, and docking analysis.

Lipase enzymes play a vital role in digestion and nutrient metabolism in host organisms, with symbiotic bacteria producing abundant enzymes, carbohydrates, vitamins, and other nutrients. This study aimed to isolate, identify, and screen lipase-producing bacteria from the gut of Systomus sarana, optimize enzyme production using Response Surface Methodology (RSM), and characterize the extracted lipase protein. A total of 11 bacterial strains were isolated and identified through 16S rRNA sequencing.

Post-acid modification-enhanced gelation of casein-tamarind seed polysaccharide-based medium internal phase emulsion and its application in 3D printing.

Printable protein-based medium internal phase emulsions (MIPEs) with low oil fraction have the advantages of reducing the incidence of obesity, coronary heart disease and hypertension. However, the development of printable protein-based MIPEs is still a considerable challenge because reducing oil content will cause phase separation and increase the fluidity of emulsion. In this study, we successfully prepared printable MIPEs (φ = 40 %) inks by co-stabilizing with casein and tamarind seed polysaccharide (TSP) and using post-acid modification technology.

The mechanism of 3D-printed high internal phase Pickering emulsion gels improved by soybean protein isolate / bacterial cellulose co-assemblies.

In this study, soybean protein isolate (SPI) / bacterial cellulose (BC) co-assemblies replicate the fibrous network structure in animal fat to stabilize the 3D-printed high internal phase Pickering emulsion (HIPPE) gels with excellent processing characteristics. The SPI/BC co-assemblies, structured through pH shifting treatment, displayed exceptional emulsification and gelation properties. The relevant results indicate that the SPI/BC co-assemblies possess numerous hydrophobic and thiol groups on their surfaces.

Green lignocellulose-nanofibers-based molecular imprinting membranes for baicalin selective adsorption.

Lignocellulosic nanofibers (LCNF), blending nano-scale cellulose and lignin, were carboxylated and integrated with PVA and baicalin to create a molecularly imprinted membrane (CLCNF-MINM). This innovation, leveraging reactive deep eutectic solvent technology and electrospinning, boosts adsorption capacity by 12.3-21.

DM9CP-8 upon binding microbes activates MASPL-1-C3 axis to regulate the mRNA expressions of IL17s in oysters.

DM9 domain-containing protein (DM9CP) as pattern recognition molecule is involved in regulating the inflammation-related signaling pathway in invertebrates. In the present study, a DM9CP with two tandem DM9 repeats (designated as CgDM9CP-8) was identified from Crassostrea gigas. The mRNA transcript of CgDM9CP-8 was the highest in haemocytes.

Gelatin methacryloyl-phenylboronic acid/Hydroxyadamantane self-healing microgels for the periodontitis treatment by promoting alveolar bone regeneration.

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory condition mainly caused by the interaction between the host immune system and periodontal tissue pathogens, and may lead to consequences, such as alveolar bone defects and tooth loss. Incomplete bacterial removal, persistent inflammation and high reactive oxygen species (ROS) environment are the main challenges for periodontal tissue repair and alveolar bone regeneration. In this study, an injectable composite microgel (Gelatin methacryloyl-Phenylboronic acid/Hydroxyadamantane, GPH) loaded with antimicrobial peptide (AMP) and cerium dioxide (CeO) microspheres was developed to achieve a synergistic function of bacteriostasis, immunomodulation, and ROS removal.

Fucoidan and chitosan electrostatically coated nanoliposomes enhance physicochemical stability and bioavailability of rutin.

Rutin, a promising bioactive hydrophobic compound, suffers from poor physicochemical stability, resulting in low bioavailability. Herein, we used positively charged chitosan and negatively charged fucoidan as biopolymers coating rutin-nanoliposome (RNL) via electrostatic layer-by-layer self-assembly approach to prepare fucoidan/chitosan-coated rutin-nanoliposome (FC-RNL). The FC-RNL exhibited the encapsulation efficiency of 77.

Multifunctional starch-based conductive hydrogels for smart sensors and flexible supercapacitors.

In order to overcome harsh working environments and meet eco-friendly demands, the development of environmentally tolerant and recyclable hydrogels is necessary. Herein, multifunctional conductive hydrogel was successfully constructed by introducing starch into polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/glycerin (Gly)/lithium chloride (LiCl) hydrogel. Starch is rich in active sites (-OH groups) that provide a variety of physical interactions for the construction of polymer hydrogels.

H9N2 avian influenza virus diagnostics utilizing specific high-sensitivity enzymatic molecular system termed RPA-based CRISPR-Cas13a.

H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV), a major pathogen causing respiratory infections in poultry, poses a significant threat to the poultry industry and human health. Early detection and control of H9N2 infections are essential for minimizing economic losses and preventing potential zoonotic transmission. A novel CRISPR-Cas family member called CRISPR-Cas13a comprises the CRISPR RNA (crRNA) and Cas13a nuclease.

Proteoglycan-degrading enzymes engineered for enhanced tumor microenvironment interaction in renal cell carcinoma.

This work optimized proteoglycan-degrading enzymes through targeted mutagenesis to enhance their interaction with the tumor microenvironment in Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC). A comprehensive mutagenesis approach identified 60 key mutations significantly improving enzymatic activity, stability, and structural integrity. When compared to Wild Type (WT) enzyme, a remarkable increase in specific activity by 35 % (p < 0.

Tomato B-cell lymphoma2 (Bcl2)-associated athanogene 5 (SlBAG5) contributes negatively to immunity against necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea through interacting with SlBAP1 and modulating catalase activity.

The evolutionarily conserved and multifunctional B-cell lymphoma2 (Bcl2)-associated athanogene proteins (BAGs), serving as co-chaperone regulators, play a pivotal role in orchestrating plant stress responses. In this study, the possible involvement of tomato SlBAG genes in resistance to Botrytis cinerea was examined. The SlBAG genes respond with different expression change patterns to B.

In situ biosynthesis of functionalized fluorescent bacterial cellulose.

Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a porous biopolymer synthesized via microbial fermentation. BC exhibits remarkable properties and is widely utilized in diverse applications. Despite all its merits, BC is constrained by certain performance limitations.

Interfacial properties of whey protein hydrolysates monitored by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation.

Whey protein hydrolysate (WPH) can be used to develop hypoallergenic foods. However, the stabilization mechanism of WPH-stabilized emulsion is not fully understood. Here, a real-time quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) was used in conjunction with a rheometer to investigate the interfacial properties of WPH.

Duck feather inspired hydrophobic carboxymethyl cellulose/gelatin film for intelligent and active food packaging.

Inspired by the superhydrophobic characteristics of duck feathers this research introduced an intelligent, responsive, and eco-friendly food packaging film constructed from carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and gelatin (Gel). The film successfully mimics the asymmetric, bionic, barbed structure of a duck feather, offering outstanding hydrophobicity and moisture vapor resistance characteristics. Moreover, the bionic film demonstrated good mechanical strength, film-forming ability and biodegradability.

Enhanced capacity in cellulose aerogel for carbon dioxide capture through modified by metal-organic framework.

Microporous metal-organic frameworks (MOF) exhibit excellent carbon dioxide (CO) adsorption performance and selectivity for CO/N separation. However, the challenges associate with the recycling and reuse of MOF powders hinder their practical applications. To address these limitations, a flexible and stable MOF-based composite material was designed by immobilizing UiO-66(Zr)-(OH) onto cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) aerogels (MOF-CNFs), which featured high porosity.

Temperature-driven CsgA-enhanced mutant enable distinct self-assembly.

Functional coating materials have found extensive applications across various technological fields. However, the effectiveness of these coating depends critically on the choice of an appropriate medium. In this study, we developed an advanced "molecular glue", a CsgA variant known as CsgA-pro, which can serve as a versatile medium for biotherapy.

A biomass-based "double-encapsulation structure" heightens the flame retardancy, antimicrobial effectiveness, and hydrophobicity of cotton fabric.

Due to the non-renewable nature of petroleum resources, there has been a notable shift toward utilizing biomass materials to confer flame retardant properties to cotton fabrics. However, endow solely with single function cannot meet the application requirements across various fields. Therefore, there is considerable impetus to develop multifunctional cotton fabrics integrating flame retardant, antimicrobial, and hydrophobic properties sourced from biomass.