Research on hydrodynamic performance of S-type turbine based on linear wave.

The hydrodynamic performance of a Savonius type turbine (S-type turbine) in wave field is studied. The method of combining numerical simulation with physical experiment is adopted.Based on linear wave theory and turbulence model, Star CCM+numerical simulation software is used for digital modeling, and overlapping grid technology is used for grid modeling.

Development and validation of the health education demand scale for HPV infected patients based on KANO model.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to develop and validate the scale of health education demand of patients with HPV infection based on KANO model, so as to provide a tool for further exploring the types of health education demand and influencing factors of patients with HPV infection.

Methods: This study is a scale development and validation study using a three-stage cross-sectional design. In stage 1, a preliminary item pool is formed using literature review, semi-structured interviews and the Delphi method.

Study on construction mechanic characteristics and construction optimization of super-large cross-section tunnel portal under shallow buried depth and asymmetrical loading: A case study in Southwest China.

The excavation of the super-large cross-section tunnel portal section is prone to causing serious engineering distresses. The key factors to ensure the safe construction of portal section are to clarify the construction mechanic characteristics and select a reasonable construction scheme. In this paper, a bidirectional six-lane expressway tunnel in Southwest China was selected as an engineering case.

Bias in adjudication: Investigating the impact of artificial intelligence, media, financial and legal institutions in pursuit of social justice.

The latest global progress report highlights numerous challenges in achieving justice goals, with bias in artificial intelligence (AI) emerging as a significant yet underexplored issue. This paper investigates the role of AI in addressing bias within the judicial system to promote equitable social justice. Analyzing weekly data from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2023, through wavelet quantile correlation, this study examines the short, medium, and long-term impacts of integrating AI, media, international legal influence (ILI), and international financial institutions (IFI) as crucial factors in achieving Sustainable Development Goal 16 (SDG-16), which focuses on justice.

Analysis of the stability of a predator-prey model including the memory effect, double Allee effect and Holling type-I functional response.

This study proposes and analyses a revised predator-prey model that accounts for a twofold Allee impact on the rate of prey population expansion. Employing the Caputo fractional-order derivative, we account for memory impact on the suggested model. We proceed to examine the significant mathematical aspects of the suggested model, including the uniqueness, non-negativity, boundedness, and existence of solutions to the noninteger order system.

Facial Lymphedema Following Head and Neck Tumor Resection: Preliminary Experience of Supermicrosurgical Treatment With LVA-Report of Three Cases.

Facial lymphedema (FL) is a potential complication following head-and-neck tumor (HNT) therapy. Conservative management is often difficult, and there is limited literature on surgical treatments for FL. This report presents three cases of FL treated with lymphaticovenular anastomosis (LVA).

Classification of Irritable Bowel Syndrome Using Brain Functional Connectivity Strength and Machine Learning.

Background: Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a prevalent condition characterized by dysregulated brain-gut interactions. Despite its widespread impact, the brain mechanism of IBS remains incompletely understood, and there is a lack of objective diagnostic criteria and biomarkers. This study aims to investigate brain network alterations in IBS patients using the functional connectivity strength (FCS) method and to develop a support vector machine (SVM) classifier for distinguishing IBS patients from healthy controls (HCs).

Progress in antileishmanial drugs: Mechanisms, challenges, and prospects.

Leishmaniasis, a neglected tropical disease caused by Leishmania parasites, continues to pose global health challenges. Current treatments face issues like resistance, safety, efficacy, and cost. This review covers the discovery, mechanisms of action, clinical applications, and limitations of key antileishmanial agents: pentavalent antimonials, amphotericin B, miltefosine, paromomycin, and pentamidine.

Small interfering RNAs generated from the terminal panhandle structure of negative-strand RNA virus promote viral infection.

Virus-derived small interfering RNAs (vsiRNAs) have been widely recognized to play an antiviral immunity role. However, it is unclear whether vsiRNAs can also play a positive role in viral infection. Here, we characterized three highly abundant vsiRNAs mapped to the genomic termini of rice stripe virus (RSV), a negative-strand RNA virus transmitted by insect vectors.

Relationship between middle school students' academic stress and physical exercise behavior from the perspective of Self-Determination Theory: The chained mediation of motivation and intention.

Academic stress is associated with lower engagement in healthy behaviors, including physical exercise, among middle school students. Based on Self-Determination Theory, this study examines the association between academic stress and physical exercise behavior among middle school students, exploring the mechanisms through the chained mediation of motivation and intention. Scales used in this study include the Academic Stress Scale, Autonomous and Controlled Motivation Scales, and Physical Exercise Intention and Behavior Scales to measure relevant variables.

miRNA-328-3p regulates ZO-1 expression and inhibits PEDV proliferation via the PLC-β1-PKC pathway.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a significant pathogen affecting swine, causing severe economic losses worldwide. This study explores the regulatory role of miRNA-328-3p to ZO-1 expression and its impact on PEDV proliferation via the PLC-β1-PKC pathway in IPEC-J2 cells. We found that miRNA-328-3p can target ZO-1, influencing its expression and subsequently affecting the integrity of tight junctions in the cells.

An end-to-end implicit neural representation architecture for medical volume data.

Medical volume data are rapidly increasing, growing from gigabytes to petabytes, which presents significant challenges in organisation, storage, transmission, manipulation, and rendering. To address the challenges, we propose an end-to-end architecture for data compression, leveraging advanced deep learning technologies. This architecture consists of three key modules: downsampling, implicit neural representation (INR), and super-resolution (SR).

Optimal tactics in community pension model for defined benefit pension plans.

Against the backdrop of an aging population, community pension initiatives are gaining traction, permeating societal landscapes. This study delves into the equilibrium strategy within the context of a defined benefit pension plan, employing a differential game framework with a community pension model. Hence, the model entails the company's controls over investment rates in funds, juxtaposed with employees' inclination towards a greater proportion of community pension allocation in said funds.

MARCHF8-mediated ubiquitination via TGFBI regulates NF-κB dependent inflammatory responses and ECM degradation in intervertebral disc degeneration.

Aim: To explore the role of the hub gene Transforming Growth Factor Beta Induced (TGFBI) in Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) pathogenesis and its regulatory relationship with Membrane Associated Ring-CH-Type Finger 8 (MARCHF8).

Background: IDD is a prevalent musculoskeletal disorder leading to spinal pathology. Despite its ubiquity and impact, effective therapeutic strategies remain to be explored.

Molecular dynamics simulation based prediction of T-cell epitopes for the production of effector molecules for liver cancer immunotherapy.

Liver cancer is the sixth most frequent malignancy and the fourth major cause of deaths worldwide. The current treatments are only effective in early stages of cancer. To overcome the therapeutic challenges and exploration of immunotherapeutic options, broad spectral therapeutic vaccines could have significant impact.

Global, regional, and national prevalence and trends of infertility among individuals of reproductive age (15-49 years) from 1990 to 2021, with projections to 2040.

Study Question: What is the prevalence and trend of infertility among individuals of childbearing age at global, regional, and national levels by sex and socio-demographic index (SDI) across 21 regions and 204 countries and territories?

Summary Answer: Our findings reveal a growing prevalence of infertility among individuals aged 15-49 years worldwide from 1990 to 2021, with an expected continued increase through 2040.

What Is Known Already: Infertility is a persistent global reproductive health issue, leading to significant societal and health consequences. No study has specifically described the current prevalence of infertility, its secular trend, or the variations between regions or countries with different SDI levels.

Antihypertensive effects of rice peptides involve intestinal microbiome alterations and intestinal inflammation alleviation in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Gut dysbiosis serves as an underlying risk factor for the development of hypertension. The resolution of this dysbiosis has emerged as a promising strategy in improving hypertension. Food-derived bioactive protein peptides have become increasingly more attractive in ameliorating hypertension, primarily due to their anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities.

IR-Driven Multisignal Conditioning for Multiplex Detection: Thermal-Responsive Triple DNA-Mediated Reconfigurable Photoelectrochemical/Photothermal Dual-Mode Strategy.

Superior to traditional multiplex photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensors, integrated multitarget assay on a single reconstructive electrode interface is promising in real-time detection through eliminating the need of specialized instrumentation and cumbersome interfacial modifications. Current interface reconstruction approaches including pH modulation and bioenzyme cleavage involve biohazardous and time-consuming operations, which cannot meet the demand for rapid, eco-friendly, and portable detection, which are detrimental to the development of multiplex PEC sensors toward portability. Herein, we report a pioneer work on IR-driven "four-to-one" multisignal conditioning to facile reconfigure electrode interface for multitarget detection via photoelectrochemical/photothermal dual mode.

Full-Dimensional Neural Network Potential Energy Surface for the Photodissociation Dynamics of HNCS in the S band.

The full-dimensional potential energy surface (PES) for the photodissociation of HNCS in the S(″) electronic state has been built up by the neural network method based on more than 48,000 points, which were calculated at the multireference configuration interaction level with Davidson correction using the augmented correlation consistent polarized valence triple-ζ basis set. It was found that two minima, namely, and isomers of HNCS, and seven stationary points exist on the S PES for the three dissociation pathways: HNCS(S) → H + NCS/HNC + S(D)/HN(Δ) + CS(Σ). The dissociation energies of two lowest product channels H + NCS and HNC + S(D) calculated on the PES are in good agreement with experimental results, validating the high accuracy of the PES.

Precise Preparation of Size-Uniform Two-Dimensional Platelet Micelles Through Crystallization-Assisted Rapid Microphase Separation Using All-Bottlebrush-Type Block Copolymers with Crystalline Side Chains.

Polymer nanoparticles with low curvature, especially two-dimensional (2D) soft materials, are rich in functions and outstanding properties and have received extensive attention. Crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) of linear semicrystalline block copolymers is currently a common method of constructing 2D platelets of uniform size. Although accompanied by high controllability, this CDSA method usually and inevitably requires a longer aging time and lower assembly concentration, limiting the large-scale preparation of nanoaggregates.

Ultrafast Synthesis of Oxygen Vacancy-Rich MgFeSiO Cathode to Boost Diffusion Kinetics for Rechargeable Magnesium-Ion Batteries.

Rechargeable magnesium ion batteries (RMBs) have drawn extensive attention due to their high theoretical volumetric capacity and low safety hazards. However, divalent Mg ions suffer sluggish mobility in cathodes owing to the high charge density and slow insertion/extraction kinetics. Herein, it is shown that an ultrafast nonequilibrium high-temperature shock (HTS) method with a high heating/quenching rate can instantly introduce oxygen vacancies into the olivine-structured MgFeSiO cathode (MgFeSiO-HTS) in seconds.

Identifying Upper d-Band Edge as Activity Descriptor for Ammonia Oxidation on PtCo Alloys in Low-Temperature Direct Ammonia Fuel Cells.

Low-temperature direct ammonia fuel cell (DAFC) stands out as a more secure technology than the hydrogen fuel cell system, while there is still a lack of elegant bottom-up synthesis procedures for efficient ammonia oxidation reaction (AOR) electrocatalysts. The widely accepted d-band center, even with consideration of the d-band width, usually fails to describe variations in AOR reactivity in many practical conditions, and a more accurate activity descriptor is necessary for a less empirical synthesis path. Herein, the upper d-band edge, ε, derived from the d-band model, is identified as an effective descriptor for accurately establishing the descriptor-activity relationship.