Marek's disease virus-encoded microRNA-M6-5p facilitates viral latent infection by targeting histone demethylase KDM2B.

Marek's disease virus (MDV), a highly contagious and oncogenic avian alphaherpesvirus, establishes a latent infection primarily in CD4 T cells. Latent infections are necessary for both persistent lifelong MDV infection and viral tumorigenesis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play critical roles as post-transcriptional regulators of viral infections.

Class IIa histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor TMP269 suppresses lumpy skin disease virus replication by regulating host lysophosphatidic acid metabolism.

Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) infection poses a significant threat to global cattle farming. Currently, effective therapeutic agents are lacking. TMP269, a small molecule inhibitor of class IIa histone deacetylase inhibitor, plays a vital role in cancer therapy.

Autophagy-mediated TET2 degradation by ALV-J Env protein suppresses innate immune activation to promote viral replication.

Unlabelled: Avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) poses a significant threat to the poultry industry; yet, our understanding of its replication and pathogenic mechanisms is limited. The Ten-Eleven Translocation 2 (TET2) is an indispensable regulatory factor in active DNA demethylation and immune response regulation. This study reports a significant and time-dependent decrease in TET2 levels following ALV-J infection and shows that the reduction of TET2 protein is mediated by the autophagy pathway.

Optimizing genome editing efficiency in via a CRISPR/Cas9n-mediated editing system.

is an important bioresource to produce various antibacterial natural products, however, the time-consuming and labor-intensive genome editing toolkits hindered the construction and application of engineered strains, and this study aimed to establish an efficient CRISPR/Cas9n genome editing system in . Initially, the CRISPR/Cas9-mediated editing tool was employed to replace those awkward genome editing tools that relied on homologous recombination, while the off-target Cas9 exhibited high toxicity to Sf01. Therefore, the nickase mutation D10A, high-fidelity mutations including N497A, R661A, Q695A, and Q926A, and thiostrepton-induced promotor P were incorporated into the Cas9 expression cassette, which reduced its toxicity.

The cytoplasmic tail of IBV spike mediates intracellular retention via interaction with COPI-coated vesicles in retrograde trafficking.

Coronaviruses are characterized by their progeny assembly and budding in the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC). Our previous studies demonstrated that truncation of 9 amino acids in the cytoplasmic tail (CT) of the infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) spike (S) protein impairs its localization to the ERGIC, resulting in increased expression at the plasma membrane. However, the precise mechanism underlying this phenomenon remained elusive.

Broad-spectrum applications of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) across diverse crops and intricate planting systems.

Multifunctional plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) have garnered significant attention in agricultural applications; however, a few have applied them in crop rotation or intercropping fields. To identify PGPR with strong colonization ability and broad spectrum benefit, we screened strains from the local tobacco rhizosphere and evaluated their growth-promoting effects across various crops and farming systems. In this study, strain L8, identified as , was selected as a multifunctional PGPR capable of producing indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), solubilizing potassium, and mobilizing both organic and inorganic phosphorus.

Multifunctional Artificial Peroxisome Basing on Lactate Oxidase as a Self-Cascade Enhancing Active Oxygen Amplifier for Tumor Therapy.

The intricacy, diversity, and heterogeneity of cancers make research focus on developing multimodal synergistic therapy strategies. Herein, an oxygen (O) self-feeding peroxisomal lactate oxidase (LOX)-based LOX-Ce6-Mn (LCM) was synthesized using a biomineralization approach, which was used for cascade chemodynamic therapy (CDT)/photodynamic therapy (PDT) combination therapies through dual depletion of lactate (Lac) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. After endocytosis into tumor cells, the endogenous hydrogen peroxide (HO) can be converted to O by the catalase-like (CAT) activity of LCM, which can facilitate the catalytic reaction of LOX to consume more Lac and alleviate tumor hypoxia to enhance the generation of singlet oxygen (O) upon light irradiation.

Cp*Co(III)-catalyzed -alkylation/alkenylation of anilides.

A highly practical and efficient Cp*Co(III)-catalyzed C-H alkylation/alkenylation reaction of anilides with maleimides and acrylates was developed, during which a weakly coordinating amide carbonyl group functioned as the directing group. This approach features high efficiency, good functional group tolerance, and broad substrate scope, and a variety of 3-substituted succinimides and -alkenylated anilides were synthesized in moderate to excellent yields. Furthermore, the reaction is highly selective, affording mono--alkylated/alkenylated products only.

Photocatalytic detoxification of a sulfur mustard simulant using donor-enhanced porphyrin-based covalent-organic frameworks.

Photocatalytic detoxification of sulfur mustards (, bis (2-chloroethyl) sulfide, SM) is an effective approach for protecting the ecological environment and human health. In order to fabricate COFs with high performance for the selective transformation of the SM simulant 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES) to nontoxic 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfoxide (CEESO), three porphyrin-based COFs with different donor groups (R = H, OH, and OMe) were synthesized. Among these COFs, COF-OMe, which possesses the strongest electron-donating ability, demonstrated a faster and higher detoxification rate of CEES at various concentrations, achieving selective oxidation of CEES to non-toxic CEESO with 99.

The BeP monolayer exhibits ultra-high and highly anisotropic carrier mobility and 29.3% photovoltaic efficiency.

Two-dimensional materials with a combination of a moderate bandgap, highly anisotropic carrier mobility, and a planar structure are highly desirable for nanoelectronic devices. This study predicts a planar BeP monolayer with hexagonal symmetry that meets the aforementioned desirable criteria using the CALYPSO method and first-principles calculations. Calculations of electronic properties demonstrate that the hexagonal BeP monolayer is an intrinsic semiconductor with a direct band gap of approximately 0.

All-Optical Modulation Photodetectors Based on the CdS/Graphene/Ge Sandwich Structures for Integrated Sensing-Computing.

In this manuscript, an all-optical modulation photodetector based on a CdS/graphene/Ge sandwich structure is designed. In the presence of the modulation (near-infrared) light, the Fermi level of the graphene channel shifts, allowing for the tuning of the visible light response speed as well as achieving a broad responsivity range from negative (-3376 A/W) to positive (3584 A/W) response. Based on this, logical operations are performed by adjusting the power of the modulation light superimposed with the signal light.

Dual Targeting Biomimetic Carrier-Free Nanosystems for Photo-Chemotherapy of Rheumatoid Arthritis via Macrophage Apoptosis and Re-Polarization.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common chronic systemic autoimmune disease that often results in irreversible joint erosion and disability. Methotrexate (MTX) is the first-line drug against RA, but the significant side effects of long-term administration limit its use. Therefore, new therapeutic strategies are needed for treating RA.

Synthesis and characterization of heterotrimetallic Mg-Ni-Mg complexes with amidinato ligands.

Treatment of amidinato-based magnesium ethyl compounds LMgEt [L = PrPNC(Bu)NAr; Ar = 2,6-PrCH (La) or 2,6-(PhCH)-4-Pr-(CH) (Lb)] with Ni(COD) (COD: 1,5-cyclooctadiene) afforded heterotrimetallic Mg-Ni-Mg complexes [(LMg)Ni(CH)] through β-H elimination. These complexes exhibit approximately linear Mg-Ni-Mg linkage with the central nickel arranged in a planar configuration; the Ni(CH) unit can be considered as nickela-bis-cyclopropane. Reaction of [(LMg)Ni(CH)] with tetrahydrofuran (THF) gave a coordination product [(LMg·THF)Ni(CH)], in which the central structure remained intact and THF coordinated to two magnesium atoms respectively.

Implications of Raftlin in different diseases: from molecular biology to diagnostic value.

Raftlin (raft-linking) protein is an essential component of the lipid raft structure and plays a crucial role in B and T cell signaling pathways. It facilitates B cell receptor (BCR) signaling by promoting calcium mobilization and tyrosine phosphorylation in the cells while colocalizing with BCR on the cell membrane. Interestingly, Raftlin is internalized in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated T cells by colocalization with Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), wherein it exerts a similar role as in B cells.

What Two-Dimensional Electronic Spectroscopy Can Tell Us about Energy Transfer in Dendrimers: Ab Initio Simulations.

Two-dimensional (2D) electronic spectra of the phenylene ethynylene dendrimer with 2-ring and 3-ring branches were evaluated by combining the on-the-fly trajectory surface hopping nonadiabatic dynamics and the doorway-window simulation protocol. The ground state bleach (GSB), stimulated emission (SE), and excited-state absorption (ESA) contributions to the 2D signal were obtained and carefully analyzed. The results demonstrate that the ultrafast intramolecular nonadiabatic excited-state energy transfer (EET) from the 2-ring to the 3-ring units is comprehensively characterized by the SE and ESA signals.

Emission of Protonated Riboflavin Induced by Inhibition of Out-of-plane Vibration in a Rigid Polymer Network.

Chromophores incorporated into rigid polymer matrices may exhibit novel photophysical properties distinct from those in liquid solutions. In this work, we explored the decay path of the second ππ* state (2ππ*) of riboflavin in poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solutions and films with various acidities. Highly efficient internal conversion from 2ππ* to the lowest ππ* state (1ππ*) induced by slight in-plane motion is demonstrated in all PVA solutions and films, irrespective of environmental acidity and rigidification.

Identification of a new fish trypanosome from the large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) and description of its impact on host pathology, blood biochemical parameters and immune responses.

The aim of this study was to clarify the taxonomic identification of a hemoflagellate and assess the effect of trypanosome infection on Larimichthys crocea. Giemsa staining showed the presence of three morphotypes of trypomastigotes. The trypanosomes had the following morphological characteristics: a slender body with a long flagellum at the front; body size 12.

Emamectin Benzoate and Microplastics Led to Skeletal Muscle Atrophy in Common Carp via Induced Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and Protein Synthesis and Degradation Imbalance.

Pesticides and plastics have brought convenience to agricultural production and daily life, but they have also led to environmental pollution through residual chemicals. Emamectin benzoate (EMB) is among the most widely used insecticides, which can cause environmental pollution and harm the health of organisms. Additionally, microplastics (MPs), a relatively new type of pollutant, not only are increasing in residual amounts within water bodies and aquatic organisms but also exacerbate pollution by adsorbing other pollutants, leading to a mixed pollution scenario.

NHC-Based Deep-Red Phosphorescent Iridium Complexes Featuring Three-Charge (0, -1, -2) Ligands.

N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-based phosphorescent iridium complexes have attracted extensive attention due to their good optical properties and high stability in recent years. However, currently reported NHC-based iridium complexes can easily achieve emission of blue, green, or even ultraviolet light, while emission of red or deep-red light is relatively rare. Here, we report a new family of NHC-based deep-red iridium complexes (Ir1, Ir2, Ir3, and Ir4) featuring three-charge (0, -1, -2) ligands.

Application of the Monoclonal Autoantibody and Its Target Protein Derived from the Peripheral Blood of SLE Patients in Serological Diagnosis and Differential Diagnosis of SLE.

Introduction: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disorder with limited reliable diagnostic biomarkers. This study evaluates the utility of DEAD-box helicase 5 (DDX5) as a diagnostic and differential marker for SLE and assesses the performance of a capture bead-based flow cytometry (CBFCM) method for detecting serum proteins.

Method: Serum samples were collected from 52 patients with SLE, 38 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 49 patients with lung cancer (LC), and 50 healthy controls (HCs).

Effects of the sequential use of L1 and bilingual subtitles on incidental English vocabulary learning: A cognitive load perspective.

Aim: From the perspective of cognitive load theory, the present study examined the relative effectiveness of the sequential use of L1 and bilingual subtitles on incidental English vocabulary learning.

Methods: A total of 162 upper-intermediate Chinese learners of English as a foreign language watched an English clip in one of 4 subtitling conditions: L1-bilingual, bilingual-bilingual, L2-L2, and no subtitles.

Results: Results suggested a statistically significant advantage for the L1-bilingual condition over other conditions for word form and meaning recall.

Conjugation of PDLA onto MgO microspheres: comparison between solution grafting and melt grafting methods.

Magnesium oxide (MgO) is known for its bioactivity and osteoconductivity when incorporated into biodegradable poly(lactic acid) (PLA), whereas the weak interfacial bonding between MgO microspheres (mMPs) and PLA often leads to suboptimal composite properties with uncontrollable functionality. Conjugation of mMPs with PLA may offer a good way to enhance their compatibility. In this study, we systematically investigated two grafting techniques, solution grafting (Sol) and melt grafting (Mel), to decorate poly (D-lactic acid) (PDLA) on mMPs pre-treated by prioritized hydration to obtain Sol MPs and Mel MPs, in order to optimize the grafting efficiency and improve their controllability in the properties including the crystal structure and surface morphology.

Comparison of Efficacy and Safety of Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography in Choledocholithiasis Patients at Different Age Groups: A Meta-Analysis.

Background/aims: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is often recommended as the first choice for the treatment of choledocholithiasis in the elderly. This study aims to investigate the efficiency and safety of ERCP in choledocholithiasis patients of different age groups.

Materials And Methods: Study searching was performed in the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases from the inception to August 2024.

Long Non-Coding RNA LINC01123 Facilitates Cholangiocarcinoma Aggravation by Targeting miR-641.

Background/aims: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a malignant and insidious tumor that is tricky to treat. Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) LINC01123 is a biomolecule that influences cancer progression by regulating gene expression via influencing the regulatory function of microRNAs in gene expression. Therefore, this study investigated the connection between LINC01123 and CCA and explored the underlying mechanism.