Improving long-term postoperative survival in a porcine cardiac valve surgery model utilizing cardiopulmonary bypass via left thoracotomy: a single-center experience sharing insights.

Objective: The objective of this study was to improve long-term postoperative survival in a porcine cardiac valve surgery model by utilizing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) via left thoracotomy. The study aimed to share refined techniques and insights accumulated over years at a single-center animal clinical trial facility.

Method: A total of 196 Chinese Large White pigs weighing between 60 and 75 kg were used in the study.

Multipath joint ablation strategy for focal atrial tachycardia originating from patent foramen ovale: a case report.

Introduction: Focal atrial tachycardia (FAT) is predominant in the pediatric population. Recent research has identified cases of sustained FAT originating from the interatrial septum (IAS); a subset of cases presents a unique challenge, with foci originating from the peri-patent foramen ovale (peri-PFO), requiring specialized management during catheter ablation. Here, we present a rare case of peri-PFO-associated FAT that resulted in tachycardia-related cardiomyopathy and propose a comprehensive multipath joint strategy for the successful treatment of PFO-associated FAT.

Case Report: Metastatic squamous cell carcinoma in the left atrium.

Background: Metastatic tumours are the most common malignant tumours affecting the heart. Cardiac metastatic tumour progression is rapid, with no specific treatments available, and the prognosis is typically poor. Significant challenges remain in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiac metastases.

Muscle-derived extracellular vesicles mediate crosstalk between skeletal muscle and other organs.

Skeletal muscle (SKM) has crucial roles in locomotor activity and posture within the body and also functions have been recognized as an actively secretory organ. Numerous bioactive molecules are secreted by SKM and transported by extracellular vesicles (EVs), a novel class of mediators of communication between cells and organs that contain various types of cargo molecules including lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. SKM-derived EVs (SKM-EVs) are intercellular communicators with significant roles in the crosstalk between SKM and other organs.

Study on the stability and accuracy of the new Booster portable cardiopulmonary function meter.

This study aims to assess the reliability and accuracy of a novel portable cardiopulmonary function meter, "Booster," developed by our research group, across various exercise intensities and modalities. The study was segmented into reliability and validity assessments. Twenty-two male participants underwent reliability testing, conducting two sequential tests on a treadmill while wearing the Booster to measure VO and VE among other parameters at increasing intensities.

Hierarchy Reproduction: Multiphasic Strategies for Tendon/Ligament-Bone Junction Repair.

Tendon/ligament-bone junctions (T/LBJs) are susceptible to damage during exercise, resulting in anterior cruciate ligament rupture or rotator cuff tear; however, their intricate hierarchical structure hinders self-regeneration. Multiphasic strategies have been explored to fuel heterogeneous tissue regeneration and integration. This review summarizes current multiphasic approaches for rejuvenating functional gradients in T/LBJ healing.

Bioactive Glasses: Advancing Skin Tissue Repair through Multifunctional Mechanisms and Innovations.

As a complex and dynamically regulated process, wound healing is collaboratively carried out by multiple types of cells. However, the precise mechanisms by which these cells contribute to immune regulation are not yet fully understood. Although research on bone regeneration has been quite extensive, the application of bioactive glass (BG) in skin tissue repair remains still relatively underexplored.

Acute high-intensity interval exercise is superior to moderate-intensity continuous exercise in enhancing endothelial function and its associated biomarkers in sedentary young individuals: the possible involvement of lactate.

Objectives: Our study investigated the effects of acute high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) and moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE) on endothelial function and its associated biomarkers in sedentary young individuals.

Methods: Fifteen subjects (10M / 5F; 22 ± 2 years; BMI: 23.07 ± 4.

The mitochondria as a potential therapeutic target in cerebral I/R injury.

Ischemic stroke is a major cause of mortality and disability worldwide. Among patients with ischemic stroke, the primary treatment goal is to reduce acute cerebral ischemic injury and limit the infarct size in a timely manner by ensuring effective cerebral reperfusion through the administration of either intravenous thrombolysis or endovascular therapy. However, reperfusion can induce neuronal death, known as cerebral reperfusion injury, for which effective therapies are lacking.

ID3RSNet: cross-subject driver drowsiness detection from raw single-channel EEG with an interpretable residual shrinkage network.

Accurate monitoring of drowsy driving through electroencephalography (EEG) can effectively reduce traffic accidents. Developing a calibration-free drowsiness detection system with single-channel EEG alone is very challenging due to the non-stationarity of EEG signals, the heterogeneity among different individuals, and the relatively parsimonious compared to multi-channel EEG. Although deep learning-based approaches can effectively decode EEG signals, most deep learning models lack interpretability due to their black-box nature.

Effects of exercise training on nigrostriatal neuroprotection in Parkinson's disease: a systematic review.

Introduction: Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by progressive neurodegeneration within the nigrostriatum, leading to motor dysfunction. This systematic review aimed to summarize the effects of various exercise training regimens on protein or gene expression within the nigrostriatum and their role in neuroprotection and motor function improvement in animal models of Parkinson's disease (PD).

Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science were searched up to June 2024 and included sixteen studies that adhere to PRISMA guidelines and CAMARADES checklist scores ranging from 4 to 6 out of 10.

oligosaccharides alleviate chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depression through the BDNF/TrkB/CREB pathway and symptoms of sexual dysfunction in mice.

Background: In recent years, depression has become a global public health concern, and one of the common concomitant symptoms are diminished sexual motivation and impaired sexual performance. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential effects of oligosaccharides (MOO) on depression and its concomitant symptom, sexual dysfunction.

Methods: Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depression model was constructed, and the effects of MOO on depression and sexual abilities were evaluated.

Dopaminergic modulation of propofol-induced activation in VLPO neurons: the role of D1 receptors in sleep-promoting neural circuits.

Background: The ventrolateral preoptic nucleus (VLPO) is a crucial regulator of sleep, and its neurons are implicated in both sleep-wake regulation and anesthesia-induced loss of consciousness. Propofol (PRO), a widely used intravenous anesthetic, modulates the activity of VLPO neurons, but the underlying mechanisms, particularly the role of dopaminergic receptors, remain unclear.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of PRO on NA (-) neurons in the VLPO and to determine the involvement of D1 and D2 dopaminergic receptors in mediating these effects.

Mapping subcortical brain lesions, behavioral and acoustic analysis for early assessment of subacute stroke patients with dysarthria.

Introduction: Dysarthria is a motor speech disorder frequently associated with subcortical damage. However, the precise roles of the subcortical nuclei, particularly the basal ganglia and thalamus, in the speech production process remain poorly understood.

Methods: The present study aimed to better understand their roles by mapping neuroimaging, behavioral, and speech data obtained from subacute stroke patients with subcortical lesions.

Interpretable machine learning-based prediction of 28-day mortality in ICU patients with sepsis: a multicenter retrospective study.

Background: Sepsis is a major cause of mortality in intensive care units (ICUs) and continues to pose a significant global health challenge, with sepsis-related deaths contributing substantially to the overall burden on healthcare systems worldwide. The primary objective was to construct and evaluate a machine learning (ML) model for forecasting 28-day all-cause mortality among ICU sepsis patients.

Methods: Data for the study was sourced from the eICU Collaborative Research Database (eICU-CRD) (version 2.

Metagenomic next-generation sequencing for the clinical identification of spinal infection-associated pathogens.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) technology for identifying pathogens associated with spinal infection (SI).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data from 193 patients with suspected SI between August 2020 and September 2024. Based on histopathological results, the patients were divided into the SI group (n=162) and the non-SI group (n=31).

Application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in the diagnosis of post-stroke infections: a case series study using multiple sample types.

Background: Metagenomic high-throughput sequencing (mNGS) represents a powerful tool for detecting nucleic acids from various pathogens, such as bacteria, fungi, viruses and parasites, in clinical samples. Despite its extensively employed in the pathogen diagnosis for various infectious diseases, its application in diagnosing stroke-related infection, and its potential impact on clinical decision-making, anti-infection treatment, clinical intervention, and patient prognosis remain insufficiently explored. Additionally, while mNGS offers promising potential, it facts limitations related to sensitivity, specificity, cost, and standardization, which could influence its integration into routine clinical practice.

Study on the effects of Massa Medicata Fermentata with different formulations on the intestinal microbiota and enzyme activities in mice with spleen deficiency constipation.

Objective: This study aims to explore the therapeutic mechanism of Massa Medicata Fermentata (MMF) with different formulations on spleen deficiency constipation in mice by analyzing gastrointestinal hormones, D-xylose, intestinal microbiota, and intestinal enzyme activities.

Methods: A spleen deficiency constipation model was established using an oral administration of Sennae Folium decoction combined with controlled diet and water intake. After successful model establishment, the mice with spleen deficiency constipation were treated with MMF S1, S2, S3.

sp. nov., sp. nov. and four other endophytes associated with aquatic plants from Sri Lanka and their extracellular enzymatic potential.

Endophytic fungi associated with selected aquatic plants, and were evaluated. sp. nov.

Exosomes derived from syncytia induced by SARS-2-S promote the proliferation and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is characterized by fever, fatigue, dry cough, dyspnea, mild pneumonia and acute lung injury (ALI), which can lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and SARS-CoV-2 can accelerate tumor progression. However, the molecular mechanism for the increased mortality in cancer patients infected with COVID-19 is unclear.

Methods: Colony formation and wound healing assays were performed on Huh-7 cells cocultured with syncytia.

Diagnostic value of third-generation nanopore sequencing in extrapulmonary tuberculosis.

Background: This study aimed to explore the accuracy of third-generation nanopore sequencing to diagnose extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB).

Methods: Samples were collected from the lesions of 67 patients with suspected EPTB admitted between April 2022 and August 2023. Nanopore sequencing, acid-fast bacilli (AFB) staining, DNA testing, and X-pert and mycobacterial cultures were performed.

Identifying subgroup of severe community-acquired pneumonia based on clinical metagenomics, a multicenter retrospective cohort study.

Objective: Severe community-acquired pneumonia (sCAP) is one of the major diseases within the ICU. We hypothesize that subtyping sCAP based on simple inflammatory markers, organ dysfunction, and clinical metagenomics results is feasible.

Method: In this study, we retrospectively enrolled immunocompetent sCAP patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation, who underwent clinical metagenomics from 17 medical centers.

Multi-center real-world data-driven web calculator for predicting outcomes in IDH-mutant gliomas: Integrating molecular subtypes and treatment modalities.

Background: Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutant gliomas generally have a better prognosis than IDH-wild-type glioblastomas, and the extent of resection significantly impacts prognosis. However, there is a lack of integrated tools for predicting outcomes based on molecular subtypes and treatment modalities. This study aimed to identify factors influencing gross total resection (GTR) rates and to develop a clinical prognostic tool for IDH-mutant gliomas.

Advancements and Future Directions of Dual-Target Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy in Preclinical and Clinical Studies.

In recent years, chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy has made groundbreaking progress in the treatment of various cancer types, particularly hematological malignancies. In the meantime, various preclinical and clinical studies have extensively explored dual-target CAR-T therapies which can be designed to recognize two antigens simultaneously based on the immunophenotype of tumor cells. Compared with single-target CAR-T approach, dual-target CAR-T therapies demonstrate varying degrees of superior antitumor CAR effects, prevent antigen escape and relapse, reduce on-target off-tumor effects, and ensure durable responses in different types of cancer.