Wet Photolithography From Hydrogen Abstraction of a Quasi-Orthogonal Aggregation-Induced Emitter.

A new aggregation-induced emission (AIE) luminogen is obtained by dimerizing acridin-9(10H)-one (Ac), an aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) effect monomer via an N─N bond and forming 9H,9'H-[10,10'-biacridine]-9,9'-dione (DiAc) with D symmetry. The quenching of DiAc in solution is ascribed to the enhanced basicity promoting hydrogen bonding and then a hydrogen abstraction (HA) reaction and/or an unallowed transition in frontier orbitals with the same symmetry facilitating intersystem crossing. It is found that emissive Ac is one product of the non-emissive DiAc solution in the HA reaction activated by UV irradiation.

Visualizing Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Autophagy in Alzheimer's Model Cells by a Peroxynitrite-Responsive AIEgen Fluorescent Probe.

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy (ER-phagy) occurring in nerve cells are crucial physiological processes closely associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Visualizing the two processes is paramount to advance our understanding of AD pathologies. Among the biomarkers identified, peroxynitrite (ONOO) emerges as a key molecule in the initiation and aggravation of ER stress and ER-phagy, highlighting its significance in the underlying mechanisms of the two processes.

A MACPF Protein OsCAD1 Balances Plant Growth and Immunity Through Regulating Salicylic Acid Homeostasis in Rice.

Unraveling the mechanisms behind plant growth and immunity contributes to effective crop improvement. Membrane attack complex/perforin (MACPF) domain proteins play vital roles in innate and adaptive immunity in vertebrates; however, their molecular functions in plants remain largely unexplored. Here, we isolated and characterized a rice mutant, Oryza sativa constitutively activated cell death 1 (oscad1), which exhibited a lesion mimic phenotype and growth inhibition with increased cell death, elevated ROS accumulation, and enhanced resistance to bacterial blight Xanthomonas oryzae pv.

Visible-Light-Induced [4 + 3]-Annulation of Carbonyl Ylides with Alkenyl Pyrazolinone for Constructing [4.2.1]-Oxo-Bridged Oxocine Skeleton.

Herein, we present a visible-light-induced protocol for the synthesis of highly functionalized oxo-bridged oxocine skeletons. This method generates carbenes via visible-light-induced ortho-acyl diazo compounds, which are rapidly intercepted by the oxygen atom of an intermolecular acyl group to form a cyclic 1,3-dipole. The in situ generated highly reactive 1,3-dipole undergoes a facile formal [4 + 3] cycloaddition with alkenyl pyrazolinone, yielding [4.

L-Arginine-Modified Selenium Nanozymes Targeting M1 Macrophages for Oral Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) involves persistent inflammation in the colon and rectum, with excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. This ROS buildup damages colonic epithelial cells and disrupts intestinal flora, worsening disease progression. Current antioxidant therapies are limited due to their instability in the gut and lack of targeting, hindering precise intervention at the lesion site.

Delineating specific structural and functional patterns for neurophysiological biotypes of childhood maltreatment.

Childhood maltreatment (CM) is a major risk factor for numerous mental disorders. The long-term consequences of CM on brain structural and functional plasticity have been well documented. However, the neurophysiological biotypes of CM remain unclear although the childhood trauma questionnaire uses different dimensions to assess trauma types.

Base-Controlled Synthesis of Heteroatom-Embedded 9-Membered Cycloalkynes and 6-Membered Sultams through Copper-Catalyzed Cyclization.

A facile copper-catalyzed, base-controlled cyclization reaction has been developed for the synthesis of 9-membered cycloalkyne and 6-membered heterocycle sultams under mild conditions. This protocol utilizes a copper-catalyzed intramolecular A (alkyne-aldehyde-amine) coupling reaction to efficiently synthesize 9-membered cycloalkyne sultams in yields up to 90%. Alternatively, by substituting NaHCO with DBU, the protocol achieves selective deprotection of the -propargyl group, thereby facilitating the formation of 6-membered heterocyclic sultams, also in high yields.

Long-Lasting and High-Power-Density Yarn-Based Moisture-Enabled Electric Generator for Self-powered Electronic Textiles.

1D moisture-enabled electric generators (MEGs) hold great promise for powering electronic textiles, but their current limitations in power output and operational duration restrict their application in wearable technology. This study introduces a high-performance yarn-based moisture-enabled electric generator (YMEG), which comprises a carbon-fiber core, a cotton yarn active layer with a radial gradient of poly(4-styrensulfonic acid) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PSSA/PVA), and an aluminum wire as the outer electrode. The unique design maintains a persistent moisture gradient between the interior and exterior electrodes, enhancing performance through the continuous proton diffusion from PSSA and Al⁺ ions from the aluminum wire.

Using High-Entropy Configuration Strategy to Design Spinel Lithium Manganate Cathodes with Remarkable Electrochemical Performance.

Owing to its abundant manganese source, high operating voltage, and good ionic diffusivity attributed to its 3D Li-ion diffusion channels. Spinel LiMnO is considered a promising low-cost positive electrode material in the context of reducing scarce elements such as cobalt and nickel from advanced lithium-ion batteries. However, the rapid capacity degradation and inadequate rate capabilities induced by the Jahn-Teller distortion and the manganese dissolution have limited the large-scale adoption of spinel LiMnO for decades.

Extending Exciton Diffusion Length via an Organic-Metal Platinum Complex Additive for High-Performance Thick-Film Organic Solar Cells.

The long exciton diffusion length (L) plays an important role in promoting exciton dissociation, suppressing charge recombination, and improving the charge transport process, thereby improving the performance of organic solar cells (OSCs), especially in thick-film OSCs. However, the limited L hinders further improvement in device performance as the film thickness increases. Here, an organic-metal platinum complex, namely TTz-Pt, is synthesized and served as a solid additive into the D18-Cl:L8-BO system.

Boosting Carrier Mobility in 2D Layered Perovskites for High-Performance UV Photodetector.

2D hybrid perovskites have attracted great interest due to their promising potential in photodetectors. The phase structure, dielectric, and excitonic properties in 2D perovskites play a pivotal role in the performance of the corresponding optoelectronic device. Here a lattice anchoring method is demonstrated to boost carrier mobility in 2D perovskites by tailoring large organic spacer cation layers.

Elastocaloric Thermal Battery: Ultrahigh Heat-Storage Capacity Based on Generative Learning-Designed Phase-Change Alloys.

An elastocaloric thermal battery based on generative learning-designed phase-change alloys is developed to facilitate the efficient recycling of low-temperature waste heat. This battery stores thermal energy as latent heat in a phase-change alloy and releases it on demand through applied stress at ambient temperature. Alloy compositions and corresponding processing parameters, tailored to desired transformation characteristics, are efficiently discovered through a generative learning-enabled inverse design framework, which converts the hand-drawn target heat flow curve into tangible compositional and processing designs.

Fe/Mo-Based Lipid Peroxidation Nanoamplifier Combined with Adenosine Immunometabolism Regulation to Augment Anti-Breast Cancer Immunity.

Immunogenic cell death (ICD)-mediated immunization strategies have great potential against breast cancer. However, traditional strategies neglect the increase in the immunosuppressive metabolite, adenosine (ADO), during ICD, leading to insufficient therapeutic outcomes. In this study, it is found that the adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) is significantly expressed in breast cancer and positively associated with regulatory T (Treg) cells.

1D CoMoC-Based Heterojunctional Nanowires from Pyrolytically "Squeezing" PMo/ZIF-67 Cubes for Efficient Overall Water Electrolysis.

The bi-transition-metal interstitial compounds (BTMICs) are promising for water electrolysis. The previous BTMICs are usually composed of irregular particles. Here, this work shows the synthesis of novel 1D CoMoC-based heterojunction nanowires (1D Co/CoMoC) with diameters about 50 nm and a length-to-diameter ratio about 20 for efficient water electrolysis.

Buried Interface Modulation Using Self-Assembled Monolayer and Ionic Liquid Hybrids for High-Performance Perovskite and Perovskite/CuInGaSe Tandem Photovoltaics.

Effective modifications for the buried interface between self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) and perovskites are vital for the development of efficient, stable inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and their tandem photovoltaics. Herein, an ionic-liquid-SAM hybrid strategy is developed to synergistically optimize the uniformity of SAMs and the crystallization of perovskites above. Specifically, an ionic liquid of 1-butyl-3-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-iumbis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)amide (BMIMTFSI) is incorporated into the SAM solution, enabling reduced surface roughness, improved wettability, and a more evenly distributed surface potential of the SAM film.

Oral Delivery of 5-Demethylnobiletin by Media-Milled Black Rice Particle-Stabilized Pickering Emulsion Alleviates Colitis in Mice: Synergistic Effects of Carrier and Loaded Bioactive.

Traditional colitis treatment strategies have issues such as side effects and poor lesion targeting. In this study, a milled black rice particle-stabilized Pickering emulsion (BR-5-DMN) has been developed as a delivery vehicle for 5-demethylnobiletin (5-DMN) to treat colitis. The alleviating effects of three 5-DMN delivery systems: BR-5-DMN, Tween 80 emulsion for upper gastrointestinal delivery, and soybean oil with most 5-DMN entering the colon were compared.

Engineered IL-21-Expressing Nanovesicles for Co-Delivery of GOX and Ferrocene to Induce Synergistic Anti-Tumor Effects.

Glucose oxidase (GOX)-induced starvation is a safe treatment for tumor. However, the non-specific targeting of GOX and the plasticity of tumor metabolism lead to toxic side effects and low tumor mortality. Thus, it is necessary to develop a synergistic strategy with high tumor targeting specificity to enhance the mortality of GOX.

Photoexcited Electro-Driven Reactive Oxygen Species Channeling for Precise Extraction of Biomarker Information from Tumor Interstitial Fluid.

Direct electrochemical detection of miRNA biomarkers in tumor tissue interstitial fluid (TIF) holds great promise for adjuvant therapy for tumors in the perioperative period, yet is limited by background interference and weak signal. Herein, a wash-free and separation-free miRNA biosensor based on photoexcited electro-driven reactive oxygen channeling analysis (LEOCA) is developed to solve the high-fidelity detection in physiological samples. In the presence of miRNA, nanoacceptors (ultrasmall-size polydopamine, uPDA) are responsively assembled on the surface of nanodonors (zirconium metal-organic framework, ZrMOF) to form core-satellite aggregates.

Porous Materials for Early Diagnosis of Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Neurodegenerative diseases, particularly Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, present formidable challenges in modern medicine due to their complex pathologies and the absence of curative treatments. Despite advances in symptomatic management, early diagnosis remains essential for mitigating disease progression and improving patient outcomes. Traditional diagnostic methods, such as MRI, PET, and cerebrospinal fluid biomarker analysis, are often inadequate for the early detection of these diseases.

Whey Protein-Based Hydrogel Microspheres for Endovascular Embolization.

Transarterial embolization (TAE) is an image-guided, minimally invasive procedure for treating various clinical conditions by delivering embolic agents to occlude diseased arteries. Conventional embolic agents focus on vessel occlusion but can cause unintended long-term inflammation and ischemia in healthy tissues. Next-generation embolic agents must exhibit biocompatibility, biodegradability, and effective drug delivery, yet some degradable microspheres degrade too quickly, leading to the potential migration of fragments into distal blood vessels causing off-target embolization.

A Wireless Health Monitoring System Accomplishing Bimodal Decoupling Based on an "IS"-Shaped Multifunctional Conductive Hydrogel.

Flexible wearable sensors with bimodal functionality offer substantial value for human health monitoring, as relying on a single indicator is insufficient for capturing comprehensive physiological information. However, bimodal sensors face multiple challenges in practical applications, including mutual interference between various modalities, and integration of excellent mechanical properties, interfacial adhesion, environmental adaptability and biocompatibility. Herein, the multifunctional hydrogel, synthesized through radical grafting and supramolecular self-crosslinking reactions, exhibits excellent thermal sensitivity (TCR = -1.

Terahertz Saturable Absorption across Charge Separation in Photoexcited Monolayer Graphene/MoS Heterostructure.

Unveiling the nonlinear interactions between terahertz (THz) electromagnetic waves and free carriers in two-dimensional materials is crucial for the development of high-field and high-frequency electronic devices. Herein, we investigate THz nonlinear transport dynamics in a monolayer graphene/MoS heterostructure using time-resolved THz spectroscopy with intense THz pulses as the probe. Following ultrafast photoexcitation, the interfacial charge transfer establishes a nonequilibrium carrier redistribution, leaving free holes in the graphene and trapping electrons in the MoS.