Hierarchical DNA Octahedral Nanoplatform for in Situ Biosensing and Clinical Monitoring of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

Developing nanoscale platforms with high integration, assembly efficiency, and structural stability for performing complex computations in specific cells remains a significant challenge. To address this, the Three-dimensional Hierarchical Octahedral Robotic (THOR) DNA nanoplatform is introduced, which integrates targeting, logic computation, and sensing modules within a single framework. This nanoplatform specifically binds to cancer cell surface proteins, releasing aptamer-linked fuel chains to initiate subsequent computational processes.

CD47 Knock-Out Using CRISPR-Cas9 RNA Lipid Nanocarriers Results in Reduced Mesenchymal Glioblastoma Growth In Vivo.

Immune checkpoint (ICP) blockade has shown limited effectiveness in glioblastoma (GBM), particularly in the mesenchymal subtype, where interactions between immune cells and glioblastoma cancer stem cells (GSCs) drive immunosuppression and therapy resistance. Tailoring ICPs specific to GSCs can enhance the antitumor immune response. This study proposes the use of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) encapsulating CRISPR RNAs as an in vivo screening tool for ICPs in a syngeneic model of mesenchymal GSCs.

Microglia-Derived Interleukin-6 Triggers Astrocyte Apoptosis in the Hippocampus and Mediates Depression-Like Behavior.

In patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and animal models of depression, key pathological hallmarks include activation of microglia as well as atrophy and loss of astrocytes. Under certain pathological conditions, microglia can inflict damage to neurons and astrocytes. However, the precise mechanisms underlying how activated microglia induced astrocyte atrophy and loss remain enigmatic.

Silver-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Coupling of Oxamic Acids with Styrenes to Synthesize E-Cinnamamides: A Distinguish Reaction Pathway.

A silver-catalyzed decarboxylative coupling of oxamic acids with styrenes has been developed to produce E-cinnamamides. Oxamic acids act as efficient precursors for carbamoy radicals. Based on the mechanistic experiments and intermediate analysis, the proposed mechanism involves radical addition to styrenes, followed by oxidation and solvent participation, ultimately leading to the formation of cinnamamides which is different from the reported cases.

Discovery of the Novel HLA-C*01:282 Allele by Next-Generation Sequencing.

The novel allele HLA-C*01:282 has a single non-synonymous mutation compared to HLA- C*01:02:01:01 in codon 100 in Exon 3.

Peptide-Bound Aflibercept Eye Drops for Treatment of Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Nonhuman Primates.

The advent of biomacromolecules antagonizing vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has revolutionized the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). However, frequent intravitreal injections of these biomacromolecules impose an enormous burden on patients and create a massive workload for healthcare providers. This causes patients to abandon therapy, ultimately leading to progressive and irreversible vision loss.

Histone methyltransferase KMT2A promotes pulmonary fibrogenesis via targeting pro-fibrotic factor PU.1 in fibroblasts.

Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fibrotic disease driven by both environmental and genetic factors. Epigenetics refers to changes in gene expression or cellular phenotype that do not involve alterations to DNA sequence. KMT2A is a member of the SET family which catalyses H3K4 methylation.

Mitochondrial Protein MjEF-Tu is Secreted into Host Plants by Nematodes Eliciting Immune Signaling and Resistance.

Little is known about plant-parasitic animal-derived pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)/ pattern-recognition receptor (PRR) pairs. Additionally, mitochondrial proteins have not previously been reported to be secreted into hosts by pathogens. Here, it is found that the Meloidogyne javanica elongation factor thermo unstable (EF-Tu) (MjEF-Tu) located in the nematode mitochondria is up-regulated and secreted into the host plant during nematode parasitism.

Deprotonation-Constructed Instant Gelation Coating for Staphylococcus Disinfection and Preservation of Fresh Food in Multiple Scenarios.

The ancient proverb "disease enters through the mouth" elucidates the connection between food and pathogens, underscoring the pivotal role of food preservation in preventing foodborne diseases. Drawing inspiration from ancient food preservation techniques such as waxing and the use of spices, a novel approach combining the deprotonation-induced solid-liquid phase separation of natural polymer solutions with the solubilization of plant-derived antibacterial compounds has been developed. The "two-step soaking" construction strategy enables the creation of biodegradable and adaptable for hydrogel coatings with micro-scale thickness.

Quercetin-Driven Akkermansia Muciniphila Alleviates Obesity by Modulating Bile Acid Metabolism via an ILA/mA/CYP8B1 Signaling.

Global health is increasingly challenged by the growing prevalence of obesity and its associated complications. Quercetin, one of the most important dietary flavonoids, is being explored as an effective therapy for obesity with its mechanism remains understudied. Here in this study, it is demonstrated that quercetin intervention significantly reverses obesity-related phenotypes through reshaping the overall structure of microbiota, especially boosting colonization of the beneficial gut commensal Akkermansia muciniphila (A.

Facile Fabrication of Injectable Multifunctional Hydrogels Based on Gallium-Polyphenol Networks with Superior Antibacterial Activity for Promoting Infected Wound Healing.

Multifunctional hydrogels hold significant promise for promoting the healing of infected wounds but often fall short in inhibiting antibiotic-resistant pathogens, and their clinical translation is limited by complex preparation processes and high costs. In this study, a multifunctional hydrogel is developed by combining metal-phenolic networks (MPNs) formed by tannic acid (TA) and gallium ions (Ga⁺) with chitosan (CS) through a simple one-step method. The resulting CS-TA-Ga⁺ (CTG) hydrogel is cost-effective and exhibits desirable properties, including injectability, self-healing, pH responsiveness, hemostasis, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activities.

Hydrogen sulfide inhibits Arabidopsis inward potassium channels via protein persulfidation.

Hydrogen sulfide inhibits the inward-rectifying potassium ion current by inducing the persulfide modification on three cysteine residues of the inward potassium channel KAT1. This persulfidation inhibits the activity of KAT1 and KAT2 and suppresses the activity of heterologous channels formed by KAT1 and KAT2.

Intrinsically Stretchable Motion Sensor Enabled by 3D Graphene Foam Integrated Hydrogel.

Stretchable hydrogel devices are highly desirable for their capacity to seamlessly integrate significant stretchability, high conductivity, and exceptional biocompatibility. Nonetheless, the substantial disparity in stiffness between soft hydrogels and commonly rigid electrode materials often leads to pronounced performance fluctuations or even complete failure of sensor circuits in practical applications. Here, the study introduces an intrinsically stretchable graphene-hydrogel strain sensor (GHSS) fabricated by integrating a hydrogel and a 3D graphene foam with very closely matched elastic moduli.

Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel 9H Purine Derivatives as Potent CDK9 Inhibitors.

Cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) is considered as an important target in the research of antitumor drugs. Taking the CDK2/9 inhibitor CYC065 as the positive control and an in-house library compound (64) as the lead compound, four classes of 22 target compounds with 9H purine as the core structure were designed to establish structure-activity relationships (SAR). In general, SAR of 9H purine CDK9 inhibitors is systematically described in this paper, resulting in the discovery of two compounds (B2 and B5) with further research value.

DFT Study of the ORR Catalytic Activity of As-Doped and As-N Co-Doped Graphene Substrates.

This study employs first-principles methods to investigate the ORR catalytic activity of As-doped and AsN co-doped graphene. As atoms, as catalytic active sites, exhibit excellent catalytic activity. Due to the strong interaction between As and N, the stability of the As-N co-doped substrate is enhanced.

Total Synthesis of the Tridecasaccharide Motif from Angelica sinensis APS-1 II Polysaccharide with Anti-leukemia Activity and Structure-Activity Relationship Studies.

A polysaccharide APS-1 II from a medicinal plant Angelica sinensis represents an interesting therapeutic agent against leukemia. However, the synthetic accessibility of the highly branched and complex APS-1 II polysaccharide with multiple 1, 2-cis-glycosidic linkages remains a difficult task, impeding the in-depth structure-activity relationship biological studies and the development of carbohydrates-based therapeutics against leukemia. Here, we report the first chemical synthesis of tridecasaccharide repeating unit together with shorter sequences 4-mer, 6-mer and 9-mer from APS-1 II polysaccharide via one-pot orthogonal glycosylation strategy based on glycosyl ortho-(1-phenylvinyl)benzoates, which precluded the potential issues such as aglycone transfer associated with one-pot assembly with thioglycosides.

Asymmetric Synthesis of Inherently Chiral Tetraoxacalix[2]arene[2]pyridines via SNAr-based Cross-cyclotetramerization.

Potassium phosphate-promoted cross-cyclotetramerization of 2,6-dichloro-3-nitropyridine 1 with resorcinol derivatives 2 gave rise to thermodynamically favored 1,3-alternate tetraoxacalix[2]arene[2]pyridines and kinetically controlled 1,2-alternate isomers. The kinetic product could convert into its 1,3-alternate conformational isomer by a macrocycle to macrocycle conversion pathway. Enantiomerically enriched C2-symmetric inherently chiral tetraoxacalix[2]arene[2]pyridines were synthesized via a Cinchonine-derived chiral phase-transfer catalyst (PTC).

Oligomerized Electron Acceptors with Alkynyl Linkages to Suppress Electron-Photon Coupling for Low-Energy-Loss Organic Solar Cells.

Oligomerized electron acceptors, featuring molecular weights akin to polymers and well-defined chemical structures, have emerged as promising candidates for organic solar cells (OSCs) due to their consistent batch-to-batch reproducibility and improved thermal stability. In this study, we developed a series of oligomerized electron acceptors incorporating alkynyl linkages via an efficient Sonogashira coupling reaction between alkyne-substituted Y-type precursors and multi-substituted iodobenzenes. This method produced monomeric (S-Alkyne-YF), dimeric (D-Alkyne-YF), and trimeric (T-Alkyne-YF) configurations, enabling systematic control over molecular size and substituent arms.

Reconfiguring Terminal Species of Bituminous Coal to Steer Hard Carbon toward High-Capacity and Fast Sodium Storage.

Hard carbons derived from coal precursors have shown bright industrial prospect as the low cost anode materials of sodium-ion batteries. However, it is of extreme necessity yet challenge to regulate carbon microstructure toward superior sodium energy storage. In this study, we propose a powerful chemical reconfiguration tactic to steer hard carbons toward high-capacity and fast sodium storage.

Dilemmas in Linking Microbial Carbon Use Efficiency With Soil Organic Carbon Dynamics.

There are still large uncertainties on the relationships between microbial carbon use efficiency and soil organic carbon across (1) different carbon use efficiency estimation methods, (2) various temporal, spatial and biological scales, and (3) multiple climate change scenarios. These uncertainties call for further efforts to re-examine the relationships between carbon use efficiency and soil organic carbon to better represent microbial processes in the current modelling frameworks.

Identification of the CYPome associated with acetamiprid resistance based on the chromosome-level genome of Megalurothrips usitatus (Bagnall) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae).

Background: The bean flower thrips, Megalurothrips usitatus, poses a great threat to cowpea and other legume cultivars. Chemical insecticides have been applied to control M. usitatus, but have resulted in little profit because of the rapid evolution of insecticide resistance.

Coping With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Together: A Dyadic Study of Self-Care and Quality of Life in Patients and Their Caregivers.

Aim: To investigate the relationship between self-care and quality of life (QOL) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and their caregivers.

Design: A multicentre, cross-sectional study.

Methods: COPD patients and their caregivers were recruited from four tertiary hospitals in Jinan, Shandong Province, China from March to November 2022.

Light-Driven Carbon Fixation Using Photosynthetic Organelles in Artificial Photosynthetic Cells.

Building an artificial photosynthetic cell from scratch helps to understand the working mechanisms of chloroplasts. It is a challenge to achieve carbon fixation triggered by photosynthetic organelles in an artificial cell. ATP synthase and photosystem II (PSII) are purified and reconstituted onto the phospholipid membrane to fabricate photosynthetic organelles.

Chemiluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer for Targeted Photoactivation of Ion Channels in Living Cells.

The regulation of oxidative stress in living cells is essential for maintaining cellular processes and signal transduction. However, developing straightforward strategies to activate oxidative stress-sensitive membrane channels in situ poses significant challenges. In this study, we presented a chemiluminescence resonance energy transfer (CRET) system based on a conjugated oligomer, oligo(p-phenylenevinylene)-imidazole (OPV-Im), designed for the activation of transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) calcium channels in situ by superoxide anion (O2•-) without requiring external light sources.