Ultrasonic-Controlled Drug Release Prevents Protumorigenic Transition and Improves Sequential Targeting Effect to Enhance Treatment of Residual Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Insufficient radio-frequency ablation (IRFA) of hepatocellular carcinoma accelerates the recurrence of residual tumor, leading to a poor prognosis. Neutrophils (NEs), as the initial leukocytes to infiltrate the IRFA-associated inflammatory area, were utilized as drug carriers due to their inherent chemotactic properties for targeted delivery of chemotherapy drugs to the inflammatory site where residual tumor persists post-IRFA. Previous research has highlighted that the immunosuppressive cytokines in the tumor microenvironment could promote the transition of NEs into a protumorigenic phenotype.

Corticosteroid Phobia: A Key Barrier to Treatment in Young Women with Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis.

Purpose: Corticosteroids are recommended as a first-line treatment for idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM), a disease that usually occurs in young women. Corticosteroid phobia is a fear of corticosteroids and one of the main reasons for poor treatment compliance. Despite the increasing recognition of corticosteroid phobia, there has been a lack of studies on this issue in IGM.

The Global Burden of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Women of Reproductive Age: Findings from the GBD 2019 Study.

Purpose: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder and the primary cause of anovulatory infertility among women aged 15-49 years. Despite its significance, it has been largely overlooked in global health discussions, with persistently high prevalence and incidence rates. This public health challenge necessitates attention both domestically and internationally.

Application of the 2021 AAPOS Guidelines in Clinics with Revision and Validation of SPOT Referral Criteria.

Purpose: This study aims to validate and revise the Spot Vision Screener referral criteria for detecting amblyopia risk factors (ARFs), visually significant refractive error (VSRE), and amblyopia.

Methods: In clinics, we gathered data from children aged 12 months to 7 years. The validity of the cut-off values was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, with cycloplegic retinoscopy serving as a reference.

A study of Filipina migrant workers' subjective health in Hong Kong and an assessment of eight scoring methods for the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12).

Objectives: The SF-12 version 2 is a survey instrument for collecting data on subjective health. The US-based scoring method is the recommended standard for measuring subjective health with data collected with this instrument. The inadequacy of the US-based scoring method of the SF-12 version 2 instrument for non-US populations is widely documented.

A portable EEG signal acquisition system and a limited-electrode channel classification network for SSVEP.

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) have garnered significant research attention, yet their complexity has hindered widespread adoption in daily life. Most current electroencephalography (EEG) systems rely on wet electrodes and numerous electrodes to enhance signal quality, making them impractical for everyday use. Portable and wearable devices offer a promising solution, but the limited number of electrodes in specific regions can lead to missing channels and reduced BCI performance.

Deep reinforcement learning and robust SLAM based robotic control algorithm for self-driving path optimization.

A reward shaping deep deterministic policy gradient (RS-DDPG) and simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) path tracking algorithm is proposed to address the issues of low accuracy and poor robustness of target path tracking for robotic control during maneuver. RS-DDPG algorithm is based on deep reinforcement learning (DRL) and designs a reward function to optimize the parameters of DDPG to achieve the required tracking accuracy and stability. A visual SLAM algorithm based on semantic segmentation and geometric information is proposed to address the issues of poor robustness and susceptibility to interference from dynamic objects in dynamic scenes for SLAM based on visual sensors.

Correlation of intracranial and extracranial carotid atherosclerotic plaque characteristics with ischemic stroke recurrence: a high-resolution vessel wall imaging study.

Objectives: To evaluate the ability of the plaque characteristics of extracranial carotid and intracranial arteries to predict large atherosclerotic ischemic stroke recurrence via head and neck combined high-resolution vessel wall imaging (HR-VWI).

Methods: This prospective cohort study included 169 patients with large atherosclerotic ischemic stroke who underwent head and neck combined HR-VWI from April 2022 to May 2023. The baseline clinical data and atherosclerotic plaque characteristics of the intracranial and extracranial carotid arteries were collected, and the patients were followed up for 1 year, with the endpoint event defined as recurrent ischemic stroke.

Exploring the clinical significance of anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody titers, changes, and change rates in Myasthenia Gravis.

Introduction/aims: Myasthenia Gravis (MG) is a common neuromuscular junction disorder that is primarily mediated by anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies (AChR-Ab). However, using AChR-Ab titers to predict MG severity and improvement remains controversial. This study aims to explore the relationship between AChR-Ab titers and AChR-Ab rate of change (RR-AChR-Ab, %) and MG scores.

A free association semantic task for fNIRS-based perinatal depression assessment.

Perinatal depression (PD) is a highly prevalent psychological disorder that has a detrimental effect on infant and maternal physical and mental health, but effective and objective assessment of PD is still insufficient. In recent years, the functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) has been acknowledged as an effective non-invasive tool for clinical assessment of depression. This study proposed a free association semantic task (FAST) paradigm for fNIRS-based assessment of PD.

Long COVID-19-related and non-COVID-19 postviral olfactory dysfunction a comparative MRI study focusing on the olfactory cleft and bulbs.

Objective: To compare the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of the olfactory cleft (OC) and olfactory bulbs (OBs) in patients with long COVID-19-related (LCOD) and non-COVID-19 postviral olfactory dysfunction (NCPVOD) to explore mechanisms underlying persistent olfactory dysfunction.

Methods: This retrospective analysis included patients diagnosed with LCOD or NCPVOD at the China-Japan Friendship Hospital between February 2023 and July 2024. All patients underwent olfactory psychophysical testing (Sniffin' Sticks), a visual analogue scale (VAS) for olfactory function, and high-resolution MRI scans of the olfactory pathway.

Oral behaviors in Chinese temporomandibular disorder patients: insights from exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the factor structure of the Oral Behaviors Checklist (OBC) in Chinese temporomandibular disorder (TMDs) patients and compare the outcomes with those of Western patients. Additionally, it examined the correlations between different OBC subscale scoring methods.

Methods: A total of 869 patients completed a survey that included demographic information, the Symptom Questionnaire, and OBC.

Evaluating plasma biomarkers NfL, GFAP, GDF15, and FGF21 as indicators of disease severity in Charcot-Marie Tooth patients.

Background: Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT), a slowly advancing hereditary nerve disorder, presents a significant challenge in the medical field. Effective drugs for treatment are lacking, and we struggle to find sensitive markers to track the disease's severity and progression. In this study, our objective was to investigate the levels of neurofilament light chain (NfL), glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP), fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21) and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) in individuals with CMT and to compare them to a control group.

The global research of magnetic resonance imaging in Alzheimer's disease: a bibliometric analysis from 2004 to 2023.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder worldwide and the using of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the management of AD is increasing. The present study aims to summarize MRI in AD researches via bibliometric analysis and predict future research hotspots.

Methods: We searched for records related to MRI studies in AD patients from 2004 to 2023 in the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database.

Post-craniotomy intracranial pressure monitoring: a novel approach combining optic nerve sheath diameter ultrasonography and cervical-cerebral arterial ultrasound.

Objective: Elevated intracranial pressure (ICP), a common complication in traumatic brain injuries (TBI), can lead to optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) enlargement and flow spectrum changes from the internal carotid artery (ICA) to middle cerebral artery (MCA). This study will investigate the use of Cervical-Cerebral Arterial Ultrasound (CCAU) for non-invasive ICP assessment and evaluating the related indices' clinical utility in TBI patients with decompressive craniotomy (DC).

Methods: ONSD and flow spectrum changes were measured within 24 h after DC in 106 patients via ultrasonic ONSD measurement and CCAU, simultaneously.

Development and validation of an explainable machine learning prediction model of hemorrhagic transformation after intravenous thrombolysis in stroke.

Objective: To develop and validate an explainable machine learning (ML) model predicting the risk of hemorrhagic transformation (HT) after intravenous thrombolysis.

Methods: We retrospectively enrolled patients who received intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (IV-tPA) thrombolysis within 4.5 h after symptom onset to form the original modeling cohort.

Neuroinflammation and iron metabolism after intracerebral hemorrhage: a glial cell perspective.

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the most common subtype of hemorrhagic stroke causing significant morbidity and mortality. Previously clinical treatments for ICH have largely been based on a single pathophysiological perspective, and there remains a lack of curative interventions. Following the rupture of cerebral blood vessels, blood metabolites activate resident immune cells such as microglia and astrocytes, and infiltrate peripheral immune cells, leading to the release of a series of inflammatory mediators.

Effect of acupuncture on the gait disturbance and hemodynamic changes in the prefrontal cortex: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by cognitive impairment and behavioral impairment. The gait of AD patients is attracting the increasing attention. The aim of this randomized controlled trial (RCT) is to explore the effect of acupuncture on the cognitive function, gait performance, and hemodynamic changes in the prefrontal cortices.

Predictive value of lymphocyte-associated inflammation index in post-stroke cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The predictive role of the lymphocyte-associated inflammation index in post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) remains controversial. Therefore, we performed an updated meta-analysis to update the evidence.

Methods: This meta-analysis was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.

Effect of central sensitization on postoperative cognitive dysfunction in total knee arthroplasty patients: a retrospective study.

Background: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common complication after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), impacting recovery and quality of life. This study aims to investigate central sensitization (CS) as an independent risk factor for POCD to improve preoperative screening and postoperative interventions.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 142 TKA patients from January 2020 to May 2024 across three hospitals.

Association Between Weight-Adjusted Waist Index and Cognitive Function in Older Adults Without Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: This study investigates the correlation between the weight-adjusted waist index (WWI) and cognitive performance in the senior American population, focusing on those without diabetes from 2011 to 2014.

Methods: We analyzed data from the 2011-2012 and 2013-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES), focusing on non-diabetic participants aged 60 and older who completed cognitive tests: Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's disease (CERAD), the Animal Fluency test (AFT), and Digit Symbol Substitution test (DSST). WWI was calculated using waist circumference divided by the square root of body weight.

Current status of public health awareness and roles within medical institutions in eastern China.

Objective: To examine the current landscape of public health functions and the level of cognition among medical staff across various medical institutions in Jiangsu Province, ultimately aiming to provide a theoretical framework for constructing a hospital public health work model under the integrated medical and defense system.

Methods: A mixed-methods approach involving questionnaires and semi-structured interviews was employed to assess the establishment and operational status of public health departments within medical institutions, staffing scenarios, comprehension of public health tasks, and the degree of emphasis placed on them.

Results: Our findings reveal that 70.

An analysis of knowledge, attitudes, practice and influencing factors for tuberculosis prevention and control among Hainan University students.

Objective: To assess the current status of knowledge, attitude, and practice pertaining to tuberculosis prevention among college students in Hainan Province, China, and to identify influential factors. The findings of this study are intended to provide valuable insights for the development and implementation of effective health education programs aimed at tuberculosis prevention and control.

Methods: A convenient sampling method was employed to conduct a questionnaire-based survey among college students at a university in Hainan Province using the Wenjuanxing platform from January to February 2023.

Associations of modifiable dementia risk factors with dementia and cognitive decline: evidence from three prospective cohorts.

Objective: This study aims to assess the relationship between modifiable dementia risk factors and both dementia and cognitive decline.

Methods: Data were obtained from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) [2008-2020], the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) [2011-2020], and the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) [2010-2020]. After adjusting for confounding factors, multivariable logistic regression was utilized to analyze the relationship between modifiable dementia risk factors and dementia, while multivariable linear regression was employed to examine the relationship between these risk factors and cognitive decline.