Tinosinenside A inhibits neuroinflammation and protects HT22 cells by suppressing the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway in BV2 cells.

Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation plays a crucial role in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Tinosinenside A (Tis A) is a novel sesquiterpene glycoside isolated from the dried rattan stem of Tinospora sinensis (Lour.) Merr.

Causal associations between immune cells and psychiatric disorders: a bidirectional mendelian randomization analysis.

Extensive researches illuminate a potential interplay between immune traits and psychiatric disorders. However, whether there is the causal relationship between the two remains an unresolved question. We conducted a two-sample bidirectional mendelian randomization by utilizing summary data of 731 immune cell traits from genome-wide association studies (GCST90001391-GCST90002121)) and 11 psychiatric disorders including attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), anxiety disorder, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), bipolar disorder (BIP), anorexia nervosa (AN), major depressive disorder (MDD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), Tourette syndrome (TS), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), schizophrenia (SCZ), and substance use disorders (cannabis) (SUD) from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC).

Monotropein represses the proliferation and angiogenesis via the AKT/NF-κB pathway in lung cancer.

Monotropein (Mon) is an iridoid glycosides extracted from Morinda officinalis F.C. How.

Transperitoneal vs retroperitoneal robotic partial nephrectomy: a meta-analysis and systematic review of propensity-matched studies.

The main aim of this meta-analysis is to assess and compare the impact of two different surgical approaches, transperitoneal and retroperitoneal, on perioperative outcomes in robotic partial nephrectomy. A systematic search of MEDLINE, PubMed, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Database was conducted to identify relevant studies published between January 2000 and January 2025. Included were nine non-randomized controlled trials with a total of 2420 patients with matching propensity scores.

SHP2 promotes the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in triple negative breast cancer cells by regulating β-catenin.

Purpose: Growing evidence suggests that the tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 is pivotal for tumor progression. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most lethal subtype of breast cancer, characterized by its high recurrence rate, aggressive metastasis, and resistance to chemotherapy. Understanding the mechanisms of tumorigenesis and the underlying molecular pathways in TNBC could aid in identifying new therapeutic targets.

Co-infections of rickettsiales in clinically healthy, Leishmania infantum seropositive and seronegative dogs: a systematic literature review and new findings from Southern Italy.

Canine leishmaniosis (CanL), caused by Leishmania infantum, is a widespread vector-borne disease. In Italy, an endemic region for CanL, overlapping transmission of L. infantum and tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) like Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Ehrlichia canis is increasingly reported.

Developing a novel model for predicting overall survival in late-onset colon adenocarcinoma patients based on LODDS: a study based on the SEER database and external validation.

Aim: To construct a predictive model based on the LODDS stage established for patients with late-onset colon adenocarcinoma to enhance survival stratification.

Methods: Late-onset colon adenocarcinoma data were obtained from the public database. After determining the optimal LODDS truncation value for the training set via X-tile software, we created a new staging system by integrating the T stage and M stage.

Molecularly imprinted hydrogels embedded with two-dimensional photonic crystals for the detection of dexamethasone/betamethasone sodium phosphate.

Dexamethasone sodium phosphate (DSP) and betamethasone sodium phosphate (BSP) imprinted hydrogels embedded with two-dimensional photonic crystals (2DPC) were developed as hormones-sensitive photonic hydrogel sensors with highly sensitive, selective, anti-interference and reproducible recognition capability. The DSP/BSP molecularly imprinted photonic hydrogels (denoted as DSP-MIPH and BSP-MIPH) can specifically recognize DSP/BSP by rebinding the DSP/BET molecules to nanocavities in the hydrogel network. This recognition is enabled by the similar shape, size, and binding sites of the nanocavities to the target molecules.

Chromosome-Level Genome Assembly and Comparative Genomic Analysis of Planiliza haematocheilus: Insights into Environmental Adaptation and Hypoxia Tolerance Mechanisms.

Planiliza haematocheilus, a teleostan species noted for its ecological adaptability and economic significance, thrives in both freshwater and marine environments. This study presents a novel chromosome-level genome assembly through Hi-C, PacBio CCS, and Illumina sequencing methods. The assembled genome has a final size of 651.

Formulation of Ethyl Cellulose Nanoparticles Encapsulated with Osthole Provides Long-Lasting Plant Protection against a Major Pest Mite.

The broader use of botanical pesticides has been limited by shorter residual activity on plants, slower onset of action, and higher costs compared with conventional pesticides. These challenges could be overcome by the development of simple, cost-effective, and long-lasting preventive nanocomposites for botanical pesticides. In this study, we successfully developed a low-cost ethyl cellulose (EC)-based delivery system for the botanical pesticide osthole (OST), designed to provide extended preventive protection against infestations.

Causal associations between childhood obesity and delayed puberty or height: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Objectives: Childhood obesity is thought to influence pubertal development, according to observational studies. However, the exact causal relationship remains unclear due to the complexity of factors affecting pubertal development.

Methods: To explore the association between exposure (childhood obesity) and outcome (delayed puberty, height), we utilized various methods, including inverse-variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, weighted mode, and MR Egger regression.

A bifunctional antibody targeting PD-1 and TGF-β signaling has antitumor activity in combination with radiotherapy and attenuates radiation-induced lung injury.

Radio-immunotherapy has antitumor activity but also causes toxicity, which limits its clinical application. JS-201 is a dual antibody targeting PD-1 and TGF-β signaling. We investigated the antitumour effect of JS-201 combined with radiotherapy and the effect on radiation-induced lung injury (RILI).

Study on the regulation of trophoblast activity by abnormally expressed hsa_circ_0002768 in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus.

O: BJECTIVES: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are known to be associated with the progression of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Thus, the objective of this study was to unveil the influnce and potential mechanism of hsa_circ_0002768 in GDM. M: ATERIAL AND: METHODS: Levels of hsa_circ_0002768 were quantified by RT-qPCR.

Discovery of potential VEGFR-2 inhibitors from natural products by virtual screening and molecular dynamics simulation.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common cancer worldwide and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) is an important target in the development of inhibitors for the treatment of liver cancer. So far, however, there are no effective drugs targeting VEGFR-2 to achieve complete treatment of liver cancer. In this study, we employed molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, molecular mechanics generalized Born surface area (MM-GBSA) method, quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) calculations and steered molecular dynamics simulations to discover the potential inhibitors from COCONUT database targeting VEGFR-2.

Whole blood exchange ameliorates acute hemolytic anemia by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress in rats.

Hemolytic anemia (HA) is characterized by massive destruction of red blood cells (RBCs) and insufficient oxygen supply, which can lead to shock, organ failure, even death. Recent studies have preliminarily demonstrated the therapeutic effectiveness of whole blood exchange (WBE) in the management of acute hemolytic anemia and exhibited potential for reducing the duration of corticosteroid treatment, while the underlying mechanism of WBE therapy was not investigated in preclinical study. Hence, we investigate the therapeutic mechanisms of WBE in HA through established continued WBE therapy in rats creatively.

Molecular Imaging for Biomimetic Nanomedicine in Cancer Therapy: Current Insights and Challenges.

Coating biological membranes onto biomimetic nanocarriers improves biocompatibility, prolongs circulation, and enhances targeted delivery for cancer precision medicine. To better understand the biodistribution profiles of these biomimetic nanosystems, molecular imaging techniques, including optical imaging, radionuclide imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasound imaging, have been widely employed for in vivo tracking and dynamic imaging. Here in this review, we delve into the profound role of these imaging modalities in visualizing changes in the tumor microenvironment, particularly in monitoring oxygen consumption and immune response dynamics, highlighting their potential to improve cancer therapies.

Enantiomer-Dependent Supramolecular Antibacterial Therapy for Drug-Resistant Bacterial Keratitis.

Bacteria have the potential to exhibit divergent stereochemical preferences for different levels of chiral structures, including from molecule, supramolecule, to nanomicroscale helical structure. Accordingly, the structure-activity relationship between chirality and bactericidal activity remains uncertain. In this study, we seek to understand the multivalent molecular chirality effect of chiral supramolecular polymers on antibacterial activity.

Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction improves hyperlipidemia through the MAPK/NF-κB and MAPK/PPARα/CPT-1A signaling pathway.

Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction (XZD) is widely used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of this study was to explore the pharmacological effects and molecular mechanisms of XZD in improving hyperlipidemia and to provide a theoretical framework for clinical application. In this study, the signaling pathways regulated by XZD in improving hyperlipidemia were predicted by network pharmacology.

Experimental and Theoretical Study of Two 3D Difunctional Electrocatalytic Hybrid Vanadate-Containing Metal-Organic Motifs.

Two novel 3D inorganic-organic hybrids based on [VO]/[VO] clusters, [Cu(bbpy)(VO)]·3HO () and [CuAg(pty)(VO)]·HO () (bbpy = 3,5-bis(1-benzimidazole) pyridine, pty = 4'-(4″-pyridyl)-2,2':6',2″-terpyridine), were isolated in the same POV/Cu/N-heterocycle ligand reaction systems. Hybrids and possess novel three-dimensional bimetallic frameworks derived from [VO]/[VO] clusters and Cu-organic complexes. In , bbpy ligands are grafted by Cu to a grid ribbon 2D sheet, which are connected with benzene-like [VO] to yield a 3D framework.

Senolytic procyanidin C1 alleviates renal fibrosis by promoting apoptosis of senescent renal tubular epithelial cells.

Renal fibrosis is a common pathological process in various chronic kidney diseases. The accumulation of senescent renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) in renal tissues plays an important role in the development of renal fibrosis. Eliminating senescent TECs has been proven to effectively reduce renal fibrosis.

Hepatocyte-derived liver progenitor-like cells attenuate liver cirrhosis via induction of apoptosis in hepatic stellate cells.

Background: Cell therapy demonstrates promising potential as a substitute therapeutic approach for liver cirrhosis. We have developed a strategy to effectively expand murine and human hepatocyte-derived liver progenitor-like cells (HepLPCs) in vitro. The primary objective of the present study was to apply HepLPCs to the treatment of liver cirrhosis and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms responsible for their therapeutic efficacy.

Adipokines regulate the development and progression of MASLD through organellar oxidative stress.

The prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), which is increasingly being recognized as a leading cause of chronic liver pathology globally, is increasing. The pathophysiological underpinnings of its progression, which is currently under active investigation, involve oxidative stress. Human adipose tissue, an integral endocrine organ, secretes an array of adipokines that are modulated by dietary patterns and lifestyle choices.

Epstein-Barr virus-associated smooth muscle tumor with multiple lesions in a patient with AIDS.

Epstein-Barr virus-associated smooth muscle tumors (EBV-SMTs) represent a rare category of soft tissue tumors that are predominantly seen in individuals with compromised immune systems. Pathologically, EBV-SMT has malignant potential because of its unpredictable nature. These tumors can manifest at various anatomical sites or even multiple lesions in different locations.