Effects of combined stressors to TCDD and high temperature on HSP/CYPs signaling in the zebrafish embryos/larvae.

Global warming causes the release of dioxin-like deposits and increases geographical migration, increasing the risk of exposure for humans and animals. In this experiment, we used CYP1A transgenic zebrafish Tg (cyp1a: mCherry) and liver fluorescent transgenic zebrafish Tg (fabp10: Ps Red) as an animal model and exposed to 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-Dioxin (TCDD) at 26 °C and 30 °C, respectively. Morphological changes, histological changes, transcriptome and related genes expression were detected.

The transcription factor mesenchyme homeobox 1 exacerbates hepatic fibrosis by transcriptional activation of connective tissue growth factor.

As a chronic condition, liver fibrosis is characterized by diverse etiological factors, and the pivotal event to its pathogenesis is the activation of quiescent hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) into myofibroblasts. Mesenchyme homeobox 1 (MEOX1) is a transcription factors central to cellular development and differentiation. However, the role of MEOX1 signaling in hepatic fibrosis still remains largely unknown.

Investigating the Effects of TRPV4 and Ca1.2 Channels in 3D Culture for Promoting the Differentiation of BMSCs at Various Stages.

Hydrogel, as the most suitable bio-scaffold material for simulating extracellular matrix, can be used to study the influence of material mechanical properties on cell behavior under 3D conditions. Mechanical stimulation plays an important role in cartilage differentiation, especially for the mechanosensitive cell-bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Currently, TRPV4 and Cav1.

Synergistic photothermal-sonodynamic therapy for antibacterial and immune reprogramming in chronic osteomyelitis.

The development of antibiotic resistance and inadequate immune response in chronic inflammation pose significant challenges in treating chronic osteomyelitis. As accepted non-antibiotic antimicrobial therapies, sonodynamic therapy (SDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) are recognized for their effectiveness in eliminating bacteria and promoting tissue repair, rendering them promising therapeutic strategies for treating bacterial infections and preventing the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria. However, the antimicrobial action and efficacy in promoting tissue repair depend on the activation status of the host immune system.

A Mannosylated peptidyl lipid CManDA doped into cytidinyl/cationic lipids efficiently delivers siG12Ss to lung cancer in vivo.

Gene therapy has attracted widespread attention in recent years, and one of the important delivery systems is the LNP. However, many LNPs have potential toxicity and accumulate in the liver. Here, we designed and synthesized a Gemini-type mannosylated peptidyl lipid called CManDA(M), which, in combination with the cytidinyl lipid DNCA(D) and the peptidyl lipid CLD(C) (D/50C/50 M), could transfect siRNA (siG12S) into A549 cells to target and silence the KRAS gene.

Plant-Derived Phenolic Antioxidants Inhibit Degradation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons via Denitrification in Coastal Wetlands Soils.

Plant-derived phenolic compounds could regulate redox reactions due to their antioxidative properties. In this study, soils from coastal wetlands including bare flat (BF), cyperus(Cyperus malaccensis) (CY), reed (Phragmites australis) (RE), and mangrove(Kandelia obovata) (MA) in Minjiang estuary region were selected. Anaerobic microcosm incubation experiments were conducted to investigate the petroleum hydrocarbon (PH) degradation process through denitrification.

Responding to nitrogen removal of constructed wetlands with modified basalt fiber bio-nest under differernt chain-lengths perfluorocarboxylic acids exposure: Decontamination and metabolism.

Modified basalt fiber bio-nest could enhance the decontamination performance of constructed wetlands (CWs), though influence of different chain-lengths perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs) were awaited to be investigated. This study explored different chain-length FPCAs that generated the influence on nitrogen removal in CWs amended with modified basalt fiber bio-nest (CW-BF). Results demonstrated a significant decrease of ammonium (NH-N) by 20.

Distribution and potential sources of iodine in particulate matter at an industrial city in Northwest China.

Iodine plays a key role in atmospheric chemistry that can significantly affect the atmospheric oxidation capacity. Although the oceans are the main reservoir of iodine on Earth, iodine is also widely present in the terrestrial environment. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the present sources of iodine in inland areas is warranted for the evaluation of its environmental effect.

Elucidating the co-metabolism mechanism of 4-chlorophenol and 4-chloroaniline degradation by Rhodococcus through genomics and transcriptomics.

Co-metabolism is an effective strategy for the removal of refractory pollutants during biodegradation. This study reports that Rhodococcus DCB-5 can utilize 4-chlorophenol as a growth substrate to initiate the co-metabolic degradation of 4-chloroaniline. Comprehensive analyses of the genome, transcriptome, enzymes, and intermediate products identified key genes and a putative co-metabolic degradation pathway involved in the degradation process by Rhodococcus.

Metrnl Ameliorates Ferroptosis in Model of Diabetic Foot Ulcer Through the Inhibition of Mitochondrial Damage via LKB1/AMPK Signaling.

Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) represents a severe complication of diabetes, mainly caused by peripheral vascular occlusion and infection, presenting significant clinical challenges in treatment and potentially resulting in gangrene, amputation, or even fatality. This study aimed to investigate the involvement and underlying mechanisms of Meteorin-like (Metrnl) in the pathogenic process of DFU. Mice underwent diabetes induction by streptozotocin, while human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were exposed to 5.

Comparative observation of the efficacy of Q-switched Nd:YAG laser with PhotoAcoustic Technology Pulse vs. traditional mode in treating melasma.

Background: Melasma is a common pigmentary skin disorder. Q-switched Nd:YAG laser therapy is commonly used, but its efficacy is limited. PhotoAcoustic Technology Pulse (PTP) mode is a newer technology that may enhance treatment outcomes.

An evolutionarily ancient transcription factor drives spore morphogenesis in mushroom-forming fungi.

Sporulation is the most widespread means of reproduction and dispersal in fungi and, at the same time, an industrially important trait in crop mushrooms. In the Basidiomycota, sexual spores are produced on specialized cells known as basidia, from which they are forcibly discharged with the highest known acceleration in nature. However, the genetics of sporulation remains poorly known.

SPeak to the heart.

Neuroimmune regulation modulates responses to cardiovascular stress and injury. In this issue of Immunity, Perrotta et al. delineate a heart-brain-spleen axis that induces adaptive cardiac remodeling in response to pressure overload, highlighting a SPeak mechanism (spleen-derived PlGF efflux activates cardiac macrophages).

Heme metabolism mediates RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis via mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation.

Bone undergoes life-long remodelling, in which disorders of bone remodelling could occur in many pathological conditions including osteoporosis. Understanding the cellular metabolism of osteoclasts is key to developing new treatments for osteoporosis, a disease that affects over 200 million women worldwide per annum. We found that human osteoclast differentiation from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) derived from 8 female patients is featured with a distinct gene expression profile of mitochondrial biogenesis.

Isotope-coded hydrazide tags for MALDI-MS based quantitative glycomics.

The detection of glycosylation alterations is essential for elucidating the roles of glycan functions in biological processes and identifying potential disease biomarkers. Stable isotopic chemical labeling, coupled with mass spectrometry (MS), represents a powerful approach in quantitative glycomics. In this study, we synthesized a novel isotopic hydrazide pair, 2,6-Dimethyl-4-chinolincarbohydrazid (DMQCH) and its deuterium isomer DMQCH-d, via an efficient and cost-effective method, and applied it for the first time in MALDI-MS-based quantitative glycomics.

Pre-enrichment-free electrochemical detection of lead ions using functionalized tungsten oxide: Integration of surface functionalization and redox cycling mechanisms.

Methods for electrochemical detection of heavy metal ions have garnered widespread attention due to their high sensitivity, ease of operation, low cost, and suitability for on-site detection. However, these methods typically require a pre-enrichment step to improve the detection limit and sensitivity, which increases operational complexity and introduces potential errors. In this study, tungsten oxide electrodes with various functional groups were prepared by electrodeposition and high-temperature annealing, utilizing the amphoteric properties of l-alanine.

Multiplex lateral flow immunoassay for simultaneous detection and specific discrimination of Xoo and Xoc in rice plants.

Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola (Xoc) are two important rice bacterial pathogens, causing serious losses of global rice yield every year.

CSF1R inhibition agents protect against cisplatin ototoxicity and synergize with immunotherapy for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Immunotherapy has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach. However, limited research exists on combining cisplatin with CSF1/CSF1R immunotherapy in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Furthermore, few studies have investigated concurrent immunotherapeutic strategies to mitigate cisplatin-induced ototoxicity.

Mitochondrial DNA in atherosclerosis: Mechanisms, biomarker potential, and therapeutic perspectives.

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease in which mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has emerged as a key contributor to its pathogenesis. We synthesized evidence from experimental and clinical studies showing that mtDNA damage, release, and mutation profoundly affect endothelial cells, macrophages, and vascular smooth muscle cells, thereby driving plaque initiation and progression. By activating immune signaling pathways-including cGAS-STING, NLRP3 inflammasome, and TLR9-mtDNA amplifies inflammation and oxidative stress, exacerbating atherosclerotic lesion development.

Copper's dual role: Reviewing its impact on liver health and disease.

As an essential trace element in the human body, Cu exists in the oxidation states of Cu(II) and Cu(I). The interconversion between these states is closely associated with various redox reactions and plays a pivotal role in cellular respiration regulation, energy metabolism, cell growth regulation, and angiogenesis promotion among other biological processes. As the primary metabolic organ, the liver synthesises and secretes Cu-binding proteins to maintain Cu homeostasis and regulate its metabolism.

Aging and autophagic phenotypic changes in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis.

Background: Glucocorticoid (GC) overuse is the main cause of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). The dysfunction of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) plays an important role in ONFH pathogenesis. Physiological concentrations of GCs can induce the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs; however, intervention with high concentrations of GC may lead to changes in aging and autophagy in certain cell types.

TRIM8 enhances chondrocyte ferroptosis by inhibiting YTHDF2-m6A mediated SREBF2 mRNA degradation to promote OA progression.

Chondrocyte ferroptosis plays a crucial role in osteoarthritis (OA) progression. Our previous study demonstrated that TRIM8 knockdown alleviated IL-1β-induced chondrocyte injury. However, the involvement of TRIM8 in regulating OA progression through ferroptosis remains unclear.

Nicotinamide mononucleotide supplementation ameliorates testicular damage induced by ischemia-reperfusion through reshaping macrophage and neutrophil inflammatory properties.

Background: Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is the main pathophysiology of testicular torsion-detorsion (T/D). However, there is no safe and effective treatment for testicular I/R injury.

Methods: The levels of NAD related genes were measured in the sham group, I/R + saline-treated group, and I/R + NMN-treated group by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR).

A machine learning-based prognostic signature utilizing MSC proteomics for predicting bladder cancer prognosis and treatment response.

Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), due to their tumor-targeting homing properties, are present in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and influence the biological behaviors of tumors. The purpose of this paper is to establish a signature based on the MSC secretome to predict the prognosis and treatment of bladder cancer (BLCA).

Methods: The presence of MSCs in BLCA was validated through flow cytometry and multiplex fluorescence immunohistochemistry (mFIHC), and the relationships between MSCs and clinical characteristics were explored.